Preparation and Properties of Polyvinyl Chloride/Carbon Nanotubes Composite
|
摘要
Chemically functionalized carbon nanotubes were combined with PVC to enhance both toughness and strength by simply mixing long alkyl chain modified multi-wall carbon nanotubes(abbreviated as MWNTs) or Ester-functionalized soluble MWNTs(abbreviated as eMWNTs) with PVC in Tetrahydrofuran(THF)/Cyclohexanone(CH) solution to obtain good dispersity solution. The MWNTs modified with 1-Bromohexadecane can effectively increase the intermolecular force with PVC by hydrogen bond. The obtained nanocomposite has a regular shape with homogeneously dispersed particles. PVC/2 wt% eMWNTs has been proved to possess excellent thermal stability. The intermolecular force between eMWNTs and PVC endows the as-fabricated nanocomposite with enhanced toughness and strength, indicating that our method is promising for wide use in PVC/eMWNTs nanocomposition.
Chemically functionalized carbon nanotubes were combined with PVC to enhance both toughness and strength by simply mixing long alkyl chain modified multi-wall carbon nanotubes(abbreviated as MWNTs) or Ester-functionalized soluble MWNTs(abbreviated as eMWNTs) with PVC in Tetrahydrofuran(THF)/Cyclohexanone(CH) solution to obtain good dispersity solution. The MWNTs modified with 1-Bromohexadecane can effectively increase the intermolecular force with PVC by hydrogen bond. The obtained nanocomposite has a regular shape with homogeneously dispersed particles. PVC/2 wt% eMWNTs has been proved to possess excellent thermal stability. The intermolecular force between eMWNTs and PVC endows the as-fabricated nanocomposite with enhanced toughness and strength, indicating that our method is promising for wide use in PVC/eMWNTs nanocomposition.
Chemically functionalized carbon nanotubes were combined with PVC to enhance both toughness and strength by simply mixing long alkyl chain modified multi-wall carbon nanotubes(abbreviated as MWNTs) or Ester-functionalized soluble MWNTs(abbreviated as eMWNTs) with PVC in Tetrahydrofuran(THF)/Cyclohexanone(CH) solution to obtain good dispersity solution. The MWNTs modified with 1-Bromohexadecane can effectively increase the intermolecular force with PVC by hydrogen bond. The obtained nanocomposite has a regular shape with homogeneously dispersed particles. PVC/2 wt% eMWNTs has been proved to possess excellent thermal stability. The intermolecular force between eMWNTs and PVC endows the as-fabricated nanocomposite with enhanced toughness and strength, indicating that our method is promising for wide use in PVC/eMWNTs nanocomposition.
引文
[1]Kumar S,Dang T D,Arnold F E,et al.Synthesis,Structure,and Properties of PBO/SWNT Composites[J].Macromolecules,2002,35(24):9 039-9 043
[2]Zhu J,Kim J D,Peng H,et al.Improving the Dispersion and Integration of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes in Epoxy Composites through Functionalization[J].Nano Letters,2003,3(8):1 107-1 113
[3]Chang C M,Liu Y L.Functionalization of Multi-Walled Carbon Canotubes with Non-Reactive Polymers through an Ozone-Mediated Process for the Preparation of a Wide Range of High Performance Polymer/Carbon Nanotube Composites[J].Carbon,2010,48(4):1 289-1 297
[4]Wang M,Pramoda P K,Goh S H.Reinforcing and Toughening of Poly(Vinyl Chloride)with Double-C60-Capped poly(n-Butyl Methacrylate)[J].Macromolecules,2006,39(14):4 932-4 934
[5]Yang B X,Shi J H,Pramoda K P,et al.Enhancement of Stiffness,Strength,Ductility and Toughness of Poly(Ethylene Oxide)Using Phenoxy-Grafted Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes[J].Nanotechnolgy,2007,18(12):184-191
[6]Wang H,Xie G Y,Fang M H,et al.Electrical and Mechanical Properties of Antistatic PVC Films Containing Multi-Layer Graphene[J].Composites Part B Engineering,2015,79:444-450
[7]Gao G H,Cagin T,Goddard W A.Energetics,Structure,Mechanical and Vibrational Properties of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes[J].Nanotechnolgy,1998,9(3):184-191
[8]Walters D A,Ericson L M,Casavant M J,et al.Elastic Strain of Freely Suspended Single-Wall Carbon Nanotube Ropes[J].Appl.Phys.Lett.,1999,74(25):3 803-3 805
[9]Yu M F,Files B S,Arepalli S,et al.Tensile Loading of Ropes of Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes and Their Mechanical Properties[J].Phys.Rev.Lett.,2000,84(24):5 552-5 555
[10]Blake R,Coleman J N,Byrne M T,et al.Reinforcement of Poly(Vinyl Chloride)and Polystyrene Using Chlorinated Polypropylene Grafted Carbon Nanotubes[J].J.Mater.Chem.,2006,16:4 206-4 213
[11]Shi J H,Yang B X,Pramoda K P,et al.Enhancement of the Mechanical Properties of Polypropylene Using Polypropylene-Grafted Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes[J].Nanotechnology,2007,18(12):5 606-5613
[12]Salavagione H J,Marti?nez G,Ballesteros C.Functionalization of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes by Stereoselective Nucleophilic Substitution on PVC[J].Macromolecules,2010,43(23):9 754-9 760
[13]Geng H Z,Rosen R,Zheng B,et al.Fabrication and Properties of Composites of Poly(Ethylene Oxide)and Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes[J].Adv.Mater.,2002,14(19):1 387-1 390
[14]Qin Y J,Shi J H,Wu W,et al.Concise Route to Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes[J].J.Phys.Chem.B,2003,107(47):12 899-12 901
[15]Zhang J,Zou H,Qing Q,et al.Effect of Chemical Oxidation on the Structure of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes[J].J.Phys.Chem.B,2003,107(16):3 712-3 718
[16]Liu L,Qin Y,Guo Z X,et al.Reduction of Solubilized Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes[J].Carbon,2003,41(2):331-335
[17]Hamon M A,Chen J,Hu H,et al.Dissolution of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes[J].Adv.Mater.,1999,11(10):834-840
[18]Aubin M,Prud’homme R E.Miscibility in Blends of Poly(Vinyl Chloride and Polylactones[J].Macromolecules,1980,13(2):365-369
[19]Coleman M M,Zarian J.Fourier-Transform Infrared Studies of Polymer Blends.II.Poly(-Caprolactone)-Poly(Vinyl Chloride)System[J].J.Polym.Sci.,Polym.Phys.Ed.,1979,17(5):837-850
[20]Varnell D F,Moskala E J,Painter P C,et al.On the Application of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy to the Elucidation of Specific Interactions in Miscible Polyesterpoly(Vinyl Chloride)Blends[J].Polym.Eng.Sci.,1983,23(12):658-662
[21]Braun D,Sonderhof D.Assignment of UV-Absorption Maxima of Degraded PVC[J].Polym.Bull.,1985,14(4):39-43
[22]Marconnet A M,Yamamoto N,Panzer M A,et al.Thermal Conduction in Aligned Carbon Nanotube-polymer Nanocomposites with High Packing Density[J].ACS Nano,2011,5(6):4 818-4 825
[23]Coleman J N,Khan U,Gun’ko Y K.Mechanical Reinforcement of Polymers Using Carbon Nanotubes[J].Adv.Mater.,2006,18(6):689-706
[24]O’Connor I,Hayden H,O’Connor S,et al.Kevlar Coated Carbon Nanotubes for Reinforcement of Poly Vinyl Chloride[J].J.Mater.Chem.,2008,18:5 585-5 588
[25]Hernández R,Pe?a J J,Irusta L,et al.The Effect of a Miscible and an Immiscible Polymeric Modifier on the Mechanical and Rheological Properties of PVC[J].Eur.Polym.J.,2000,36(5):1 011-1 025
[26]Wang G J,Qu Z H,Liu L,et al.Study of SMA Graft Modified MWNT/PVC Composite Materials[J].Mater.Sci.Eng.A,2007,47(2):136-139
[27]Cadek M,Coleman J N,Ryan K P,et al.Reinforcement of Polymers with Carbon Nanotubes:the Role of Nanotube Surface Area[J].Nano Lett.,2004,4(2):353-356
[28]Coleman N J,Khan U,Blau J W,et al.Small but Strong:a Review of the Mechanical Properties of Carbon Nanotube-Polymer Composites[J].Carbon,2006,44:1 624-1 652
[2]Zhu J,Kim J D,Peng H,et al.Improving the Dispersion and Integration of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes in Epoxy Composites through Functionalization[J].Nano Letters,2003,3(8):1 107-1 113
[3]Chang C M,Liu Y L.Functionalization of Multi-Walled Carbon Canotubes with Non-Reactive Polymers through an Ozone-Mediated Process for the Preparation of a Wide Range of High Performance Polymer/Carbon Nanotube Composites[J].Carbon,2010,48(4):1 289-1 297
[4]Wang M,Pramoda P K,Goh S H.Reinforcing and Toughening of Poly(Vinyl Chloride)with Double-C60-Capped poly(n-Butyl Methacrylate)[J].Macromolecules,2006,39(14):4 932-4 934
[5]Yang B X,Shi J H,Pramoda K P,et al.Enhancement of Stiffness,Strength,Ductility and Toughness of Poly(Ethylene Oxide)Using Phenoxy-Grafted Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes[J].Nanotechnolgy,2007,18(12):184-191
[6]Wang H,Xie G Y,Fang M H,et al.Electrical and Mechanical Properties of Antistatic PVC Films Containing Multi-Layer Graphene[J].Composites Part B Engineering,2015,79:444-450
[7]Gao G H,Cagin T,Goddard W A.Energetics,Structure,Mechanical and Vibrational Properties of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes[J].Nanotechnolgy,1998,9(3):184-191
[8]Walters D A,Ericson L M,Casavant M J,et al.Elastic Strain of Freely Suspended Single-Wall Carbon Nanotube Ropes[J].Appl.Phys.Lett.,1999,74(25):3 803-3 805
[9]Yu M F,Files B S,Arepalli S,et al.Tensile Loading of Ropes of Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes and Their Mechanical Properties[J].Phys.Rev.Lett.,2000,84(24):5 552-5 555
[10]Blake R,Coleman J N,Byrne M T,et al.Reinforcement of Poly(Vinyl Chloride)and Polystyrene Using Chlorinated Polypropylene Grafted Carbon Nanotubes[J].J.Mater.Chem.,2006,16:4 206-4 213
[11]Shi J H,Yang B X,Pramoda K P,et al.Enhancement of the Mechanical Properties of Polypropylene Using Polypropylene-Grafted Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes[J].Nanotechnology,2007,18(12):5 606-5613
[12]Salavagione H J,Marti?nez G,Ballesteros C.Functionalization of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes by Stereoselective Nucleophilic Substitution on PVC[J].Macromolecules,2010,43(23):9 754-9 760
[13]Geng H Z,Rosen R,Zheng B,et al.Fabrication and Properties of Composites of Poly(Ethylene Oxide)and Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes[J].Adv.Mater.,2002,14(19):1 387-1 390
[14]Qin Y J,Shi J H,Wu W,et al.Concise Route to Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes[J].J.Phys.Chem.B,2003,107(47):12 899-12 901
[15]Zhang J,Zou H,Qing Q,et al.Effect of Chemical Oxidation on the Structure of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes[J].J.Phys.Chem.B,2003,107(16):3 712-3 718
[16]Liu L,Qin Y,Guo Z X,et al.Reduction of Solubilized Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes[J].Carbon,2003,41(2):331-335
[17]Hamon M A,Chen J,Hu H,et al.Dissolution of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes[J].Adv.Mater.,1999,11(10):834-840
[18]Aubin M,Prud’homme R E.Miscibility in Blends of Poly(Vinyl Chloride and Polylactones[J].Macromolecules,1980,13(2):365-369
[19]Coleman M M,Zarian J.Fourier-Transform Infrared Studies of Polymer Blends.II.Poly(-Caprolactone)-Poly(Vinyl Chloride)System[J].J.Polym.Sci.,Polym.Phys.Ed.,1979,17(5):837-850
[20]Varnell D F,Moskala E J,Painter P C,et al.On the Application of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy to the Elucidation of Specific Interactions in Miscible Polyesterpoly(Vinyl Chloride)Blends[J].Polym.Eng.Sci.,1983,23(12):658-662
[21]Braun D,Sonderhof D.Assignment of UV-Absorption Maxima of Degraded PVC[J].Polym.Bull.,1985,14(4):39-43
[22]Marconnet A M,Yamamoto N,Panzer M A,et al.Thermal Conduction in Aligned Carbon Nanotube-polymer Nanocomposites with High Packing Density[J].ACS Nano,2011,5(6):4 818-4 825
[23]Coleman J N,Khan U,Gun’ko Y K.Mechanical Reinforcement of Polymers Using Carbon Nanotubes[J].Adv.Mater.,2006,18(6):689-706
[24]O’Connor I,Hayden H,O’Connor S,et al.Kevlar Coated Carbon Nanotubes for Reinforcement of Poly Vinyl Chloride[J].J.Mater.Chem.,2008,18:5 585-5 588
[25]Hernández R,Pe?a J J,Irusta L,et al.The Effect of a Miscible and an Immiscible Polymeric Modifier on the Mechanical and Rheological Properties of PVC[J].Eur.Polym.J.,2000,36(5):1 011-1 025
[26]Wang G J,Qu Z H,Liu L,et al.Study of SMA Graft Modified MWNT/PVC Composite Materials[J].Mater.Sci.Eng.A,2007,47(2):136-139
[27]Cadek M,Coleman J N,Ryan K P,et al.Reinforcement of Polymers with Carbon Nanotubes:the Role of Nanotube Surface Area[J].Nano Lett.,2004,4(2):353-356
[28]Coleman N J,Khan U,Blau J W,et al.Small but Strong:a Review of the Mechanical Properties of Carbon Nanotube-Polymer Composites[J].Carbon,2006,44:1 624-1 652