不受波速影响的特高压直流输电线路单端故障测距方法
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摘要
现行特高压直流输电线路故障测距大多采用行波法,但单端/双端行波测距受行波波速影响较大,加上输电线路弧垂效应,测距精度较差。利用对端行波到达本端测距装置的时刻,通过公式推导消除行波波速的影响,推导出一种不受波速影响的特高压直流输电线路单端故障行波测距方法,将无需准确计算线路沿线波速也能实现直流输电线路故障测距。在PSCAD/EMTDC中搭建哈郑±800 kV特高压直流输电系统模型,在不同故障位置和不同过渡电阻下进行仿真。大量仿真结果表明,该改进单端测距方法不受输电线路沿线波速和故障位置影响且耐受过渡电阻能力强。
The current UHVDC transmission lines mainly adopt traveling wave fault location method, but the single/double terminal traveling wave fault location is affected by the velocity and the transmission line sag effect, thereby such fault location has low accuracy. Based on the moment of the opposite terminal traveling wave arriving at the measuring terminal of location device, the influence of traveling wave velocity is eliminated through the formula derivation and single terminal fault location method for UHVDC transmission line is deduced which is not affected by wave velocity and can realize fault location without accurately calculating the velocity along the line. The model of Ha-Zheng ±800 kV UHVDC transmission system is built in PSCAD/EMTDC and simulated under different fault locations and different transition resistances. A large number of simulation results show that the improved single terminal ranging method is not affected by the wave speed along the transmission line and the location of the fault, and has the strong ability to tolerate transient resistance.
The current UHVDC transmission lines mainly adopt traveling wave fault location method, but the single/double terminal traveling wave fault location is affected by the velocity and the transmission line sag effect, thereby such fault location has low accuracy. Based on the moment of the opposite terminal traveling wave arriving at the measuring terminal of location device, the influence of traveling wave velocity is eliminated through the formula derivation and single terminal fault location method for UHVDC transmission line is deduced which is not affected by wave velocity and can realize fault location without accurately calculating the velocity along the line. The model of Ha-Zheng ±800 kV UHVDC transmission system is built in PSCAD/EMTDC and simulated under different fault locations and different transition resistances. A large number of simulation results show that the improved single terminal ranging method is not affected by the wave speed along the transmission line and the location of the fault, and has the strong ability to tolerate transient resistance.
引文
[1]高淑萍,索南加乐,宋国兵,等.基于分布参数模型的直流输电线路故障测距方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,30(13):75-80.GAO Shuping,SUONAN Jiale,SONG Guobing,et al.Fault location method for HVDC transmission lines on the basis of the distributed parameter model[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2010,30(13):75-80.
[2]宋国兵,周德生,焦在滨,等.一种直流输电线路故障测距新原理[J].电力系统自动化,2007,31(24):57-61.SONG Guobing,ZHOU Desheng,JIAO Zaibin,et al.A novel fault location principle for HVDC transmission line[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2007,31(24):57-61.
[3]郝勇奇,王倩,周士琼,等.基于LMD与Teager能量算子的VSC-HVDC输电线路故障定位[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(1):81-88.HAO Yongqi,WANG Qian,ZHOU Shiqiong,et al.Fault location for VSC-HVDC transmission lines based on LMD and Teager energy operator[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(1):81-88.
[4]宋国兵,蔡新雷,高淑萍,等.高压直流输电线路故障定位研究综述[J].电力系统保护与控制,2012,40(5):133-137,147.SONG Guobing,CAI Xinlei,GAO Shuping,et al.Survey of fault location research for HVDC transmission lines[J].Power System Protection and Control,2012,40(5):133-137,147.
[5]刘顺桂,李勋,张宏钊,等.一种采用时间判别法的混合线路故障行波定位方法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(1):41-46.LIU Shungui,LI Xun,ZHANG Hongzhao,et al.A traveling wave fault location method of hybrid line using time discrimination[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(1):41-46.
[6]康丽红,唐昆明,罗建,等.直流输电线路单极接地双端故障测距[J].电网技术,2014,38(8):2268-2273.KANG Lihong,TANG Kunming,LUO Jian,et al.Two-terminal fault location of monopolar earth fault in HVDC transmission line[J].Power System Technology,2014,38(8):2268-2273.
[7]蔡新雷.柔性直流输电线路双端故障定位新方法[J].南方电网技术,2013,7(4):24-28.CAI Xinlei.A new method of fault-location for VSC-HVDC transmission lines[J].Southern Power System Technology,2013,7(4):24-28.
[8]张怿宁,徐敏,刘永浩,等.考虑波速变化特性的直流输电线路行波故障测距新算法[J].电网技术,2011,35(7):227-232.ZHANG Yining,XU Min,LIU Yonghao,et al.A novel travelling wave fault location algorithm for HVDC transmission lines considering variation characteristics of wave speed[J].Power System Technology,2011,35(7):227-232.
[9]商立群,梁文丽.高压直流输电线路故障定位综述[J].高压电器,2016,52(8):1-6.SHANG Liqun,LIANG Wenli.Review of high voltage DC transmission lines fault location[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2016,52(8):1-6.
[10]陈仕龙,谢佳伟,毕贵红,等.一种特高压直流输电线路神经网络双端故障测距新方法[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(4):257-264.CHEN Shilong,XIE Jiawei,BI Guihong,et al.A novel two terminal fault location method used ANN for UHVDC transmission line[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(4):257-264.
[11]杨立红,杨明玉.基于固有频率的高压直流输电线路故障测距[J].中国电力,2013,46(7):82-86.YANG Lihong,YANG Mingyu.Fault-location method for HVDC transmission lines based on natural frequency[J].Electric Power,2013,46(7):82-86.
[12]段建东,刘静,陆海龙,等.基于行波瞬时频率的高压直流输电线路故障测距方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(7):1842-1848.DUAN Jiandong,LIU Jing,LU Hailong,et al.Fault location method based on traveling-wave instantaneous frequency for HVDC transmission lines[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(7):1842-1848.
[13]蔡新雷,宋国兵,高淑萍,等.利用电流固有频率的VSC-HVDC直流输电线路故障定位[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(28):112-119.CAI Xinlei,SONG Guobing,GAO Shuping,et al.A novel fault-location method for VSC-HVDC transmission lines based on natural frequency of current[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(28):112-119.
[14]束洪春,田鑫萃,张广斌,等.±800 k V直流输电线路故障定位的单端电压自然频率方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(25):104-111.SHU Hongchun,TIAN Xincui,ZHANG Guangbin,et al.Fault location for±800 k V HVDC transmission lines using natural frequency of single terminal voltage data[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(25):104-111.
[15]束洪春,田鑫萃,董俊,等.±800 k V直流输电线路边界保护的模型匹配时域算法[J].电工技术学报,2013,28(10):320-327.SHU Hongchun,TIAN Xincui,DONG Jun,et al.±800k V DC transmission line boundary protection using model matching algorithms in time-domain[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2013,28(10):320-327.
[16]高效海,苏晓龙.一种新的单端行波测距方法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(12):87-91.GAO Xiaohai,SU Xiaolong.A new method for single-ended traveling wave fault location[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(12):87-91.
[17]BO Z Q,WELLER G,JIANG F,et al.Application of GPS based fault location scheme for distribution system[C]//1998 International Conference on Power System Technology Proceedings,August 18-21,1998,Beijing,China:53-57.
[18]ZOU Guibin,HUANG Qiang,SONG Shenglan,et al.Novel transient-energy-based directional pilot protection method for HVDC line[J].Protection and Control of Modern Power Systems,2017,2(2):159-168.DOI:10.1186/s41601-017-0047-z.
[19]束洪春,张敏,张广斌,等.±800 k V直流输电线路单端行波故障定位的红绿色彩模式检测[J].电工技术学报,2010,25(11):155-163.SHU Hongchun,ZHANG Min,ZHANG Guangbin,et al.A RG color pattern detection of single-ended traveling wave fault location on±800 k V UHVDC transmission lines[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2010,25(11):155-163.
[20]宋国兵,李德坤,靳东晖,等.利用行波电压分布特征的柔性直流输电线路单端故障定位[J].电力系统自动化,2013,37(15):83-88.SONG Guobing,LI Dekun,JIN Donghui,et al.One-terminal fault location for HVDC flexible transmission lines based on wave voltage distribution features[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2013,37(15):83-88.
[21]许小雪,刘建锋,江玉蓉.基于多频带能量的高压直流输电线路单端暂态电流保护[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(22):32-39.XU Xiaoxue,LIU Jianfeng,JIANG Yurong.HVDC transmission line protection based on single-ended transient current using multiband energy[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(22):32-39.
[22]刘可真,束洪春,于继来,等.±800 k V特高压直流输电线路故障定位小波能量谱神经网络识别法[J].电力自动化设备,2014,34(4):141-147,154.LIU Kezhen,SHU Hongchun,YU Jilai,et al.Fault location based on wavelet energy spectrum and neural network for±800 k V UHVDC transmission line[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2014,34(4):141-147,154.
[2]宋国兵,周德生,焦在滨,等.一种直流输电线路故障测距新原理[J].电力系统自动化,2007,31(24):57-61.SONG Guobing,ZHOU Desheng,JIAO Zaibin,et al.A novel fault location principle for HVDC transmission line[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2007,31(24):57-61.
[3]郝勇奇,王倩,周士琼,等.基于LMD与Teager能量算子的VSC-HVDC输电线路故障定位[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(1):81-88.HAO Yongqi,WANG Qian,ZHOU Shiqiong,et al.Fault location for VSC-HVDC transmission lines based on LMD and Teager energy operator[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(1):81-88.
[4]宋国兵,蔡新雷,高淑萍,等.高压直流输电线路故障定位研究综述[J].电力系统保护与控制,2012,40(5):133-137,147.SONG Guobing,CAI Xinlei,GAO Shuping,et al.Survey of fault location research for HVDC transmission lines[J].Power System Protection and Control,2012,40(5):133-137,147.
[5]刘顺桂,李勋,张宏钊,等.一种采用时间判别法的混合线路故障行波定位方法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(1):41-46.LIU Shungui,LI Xun,ZHANG Hongzhao,et al.A traveling wave fault location method of hybrid line using time discrimination[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(1):41-46.
[6]康丽红,唐昆明,罗建,等.直流输电线路单极接地双端故障测距[J].电网技术,2014,38(8):2268-2273.KANG Lihong,TANG Kunming,LUO Jian,et al.Two-terminal fault location of monopolar earth fault in HVDC transmission line[J].Power System Technology,2014,38(8):2268-2273.
[7]蔡新雷.柔性直流输电线路双端故障定位新方法[J].南方电网技术,2013,7(4):24-28.CAI Xinlei.A new method of fault-location for VSC-HVDC transmission lines[J].Southern Power System Technology,2013,7(4):24-28.
[8]张怿宁,徐敏,刘永浩,等.考虑波速变化特性的直流输电线路行波故障测距新算法[J].电网技术,2011,35(7):227-232.ZHANG Yining,XU Min,LIU Yonghao,et al.A novel travelling wave fault location algorithm for HVDC transmission lines considering variation characteristics of wave speed[J].Power System Technology,2011,35(7):227-232.
[9]商立群,梁文丽.高压直流输电线路故障定位综述[J].高压电器,2016,52(8):1-6.SHANG Liqun,LIANG Wenli.Review of high voltage DC transmission lines fault location[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2016,52(8):1-6.
[10]陈仕龙,谢佳伟,毕贵红,等.一种特高压直流输电线路神经网络双端故障测距新方法[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(4):257-264.CHEN Shilong,XIE Jiawei,BI Guihong,et al.A novel two terminal fault location method used ANN for UHVDC transmission line[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(4):257-264.
[11]杨立红,杨明玉.基于固有频率的高压直流输电线路故障测距[J].中国电力,2013,46(7):82-86.YANG Lihong,YANG Mingyu.Fault-location method for HVDC transmission lines based on natural frequency[J].Electric Power,2013,46(7):82-86.
[12]段建东,刘静,陆海龙,等.基于行波瞬时频率的高压直流输电线路故障测距方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(7):1842-1848.DUAN Jiandong,LIU Jing,LU Hailong,et al.Fault location method based on traveling-wave instantaneous frequency for HVDC transmission lines[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(7):1842-1848.
[13]蔡新雷,宋国兵,高淑萍,等.利用电流固有频率的VSC-HVDC直流输电线路故障定位[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(28):112-119.CAI Xinlei,SONG Guobing,GAO Shuping,et al.A novel fault-location method for VSC-HVDC transmission lines based on natural frequency of current[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(28):112-119.
[14]束洪春,田鑫萃,张广斌,等.±800 k V直流输电线路故障定位的单端电压自然频率方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(25):104-111.SHU Hongchun,TIAN Xincui,ZHANG Guangbin,et al.Fault location for±800 k V HVDC transmission lines using natural frequency of single terminal voltage data[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(25):104-111.
[15]束洪春,田鑫萃,董俊,等.±800 k V直流输电线路边界保护的模型匹配时域算法[J].电工技术学报,2013,28(10):320-327.SHU Hongchun,TIAN Xincui,DONG Jun,et al.±800k V DC transmission line boundary protection using model matching algorithms in time-domain[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2013,28(10):320-327.
[16]高效海,苏晓龙.一种新的单端行波测距方法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(12):87-91.GAO Xiaohai,SU Xiaolong.A new method for single-ended traveling wave fault location[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(12):87-91.
[17]BO Z Q,WELLER G,JIANG F,et al.Application of GPS based fault location scheme for distribution system[C]//1998 International Conference on Power System Technology Proceedings,August 18-21,1998,Beijing,China:53-57.
[18]ZOU Guibin,HUANG Qiang,SONG Shenglan,et al.Novel transient-energy-based directional pilot protection method for HVDC line[J].Protection and Control of Modern Power Systems,2017,2(2):159-168.DOI:10.1186/s41601-017-0047-z.
[19]束洪春,张敏,张广斌,等.±800 k V直流输电线路单端行波故障定位的红绿色彩模式检测[J].电工技术学报,2010,25(11):155-163.SHU Hongchun,ZHANG Min,ZHANG Guangbin,et al.A RG color pattern detection of single-ended traveling wave fault location on±800 k V UHVDC transmission lines[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2010,25(11):155-163.
[20]宋国兵,李德坤,靳东晖,等.利用行波电压分布特征的柔性直流输电线路单端故障定位[J].电力系统自动化,2013,37(15):83-88.SONG Guobing,LI Dekun,JIN Donghui,et al.One-terminal fault location for HVDC flexible transmission lines based on wave voltage distribution features[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2013,37(15):83-88.
[21]许小雪,刘建锋,江玉蓉.基于多频带能量的高压直流输电线路单端暂态电流保护[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(22):32-39.XU Xiaoxue,LIU Jianfeng,JIANG Yurong.HVDC transmission line protection based on single-ended transient current using multiband energy[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(22):32-39.
[22]刘可真,束洪春,于继来,等.±800 k V特高压直流输电线路故障定位小波能量谱神经网络识别法[J].电力自动化设备,2014,34(4):141-147,154.LIU Kezhen,SHU Hongchun,YU Jilai,et al.Fault location based on wavelet energy spectrum and neural network for±800 k V UHVDC transmission line[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2014,34(4):141-147,154.