蚯蚓养殖对幼龄胶园土壤养分及橡胶树根系生长的影响
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摘要
本研究旨在探讨林下蚯蚓养殖对幼龄胶园土壤养分及橡胶树根系生长的影响。以牛粪作为原料,于2017年4—11月在4年生幼龄胶园铺设粪垄养殖蚯蚓,并测定土壤养分和根系生长情况。结果表明,与对照(CK)相比,铺设粪垄无蚯蚓养殖(WQ)和铺设粪垄蚯蚓养殖(Q)处理总体上可显著提高土壤硝态氮、速效磷、速效钾和土壤水分含量以及土壤pH,而对土壤铵态氮、有机质、微生物活性及微生物群系数量无显著影响(p<0.05);和CK相比,WQ和Q处理显著促进根的生长,并提高吸收根的比例(p<0.05)。综上所述,在幼龄胶园养殖蚯蚓短期内(半年)可提高土壤速效养分含量,促进根系生长。
This study aimed to investigate the effects of earthworm cultivation on soil nutrients and root development in immature rubber plantation.Cattle manure was placed in a 4-year rubber plantation and earthworms were cultivated from April to November in 2017.Soil nutrients and root growth were determined.Results showed that in contrast to CK,he contents of NO_3~–,rapid phosphorus,rapidly potassium,soil moisture and pH totally significantly increased in the treatments of cattle manure cultivated without and with earth earthworm(WQ and Q),but that of NH_4~+,SOM,microbe activity and number of microbe formation was not different(p<0.05).WQ and Q also significantly improved root growth.It also increased the proportion of fine roots.Therefore,in short-term(within half a year),earthworm cultivation in immature rubber plantation could increase soil rapid nutrients and promote root growth.
This study aimed to investigate the effects of earthworm cultivation on soil nutrients and root development in immature rubber plantation.Cattle manure was placed in a 4-year rubber plantation and earthworms were cultivated from April to November in 2017.Soil nutrients and root growth were determined.Results showed that in contrast to CK,he contents of NO_3~–,rapid phosphorus,rapidly potassium,soil moisture and pH totally significantly increased in the treatments of cattle manure cultivated without and with earth earthworm(WQ and Q),but that of NH_4~+,SOM,microbe activity and number of microbe formation was not different(p<0.05).WQ and Q also significantly improved root growth.It also increased the proportion of fine roots.Therefore,in short-term(within half a year),earthworm cultivation in immature rubber plantation could increase soil rapid nutrients and promote root growth.
引文
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[2]王大鹏,王秀全,成镜,等.海南植胶区养分管理现状与改进策略[J].热带农业科学,2013,33(9):22-27.
[3]林位夫,周珺,王军.中国植胶业发展趋势与策略研究[J].热带农业科学,2016,36(6):81-84.
[4]韦曙东,汪德尚,姚自鸣.蚯蚓养殖研究的效益分析[J].安徽农学通报,2010,16(17):177-179.
[5]王颖.规模化养牛场牛粪的综合利用[J].吉林畜牧兽医,2011,32(6):21,24.
[6]高鲤,吴淑敏,刘刚,等.海南地区蚯蚓养殖基料配制的试验研究[J].安徽农业科学,2015,43(28):130-131.
[7]邓卫哲.苏剑程:林下蚯蚓养出生态效应[N].农民日报,2016-9-30(3).
[8]刘越,孟海波,沈玉君,等.海南省畜禽粪便资源分布及总量控制研究[J].中国农业科技导报,2015,17(4):114-121.
[9]刁治民,王生财,邓君,等.蚯蚓的经济价值及开发应用前景[J].青海草业,2005,14(3):7-12.
[10]刘红军,尹文生.蚯蚓养殖技术与加工利用[J].现代农业科技,2016(1):296-297.
[11]龙明珠.种植与养殖高效循环农业模式研究[J].云南畜牧兽医,2013(5):29-31.
[12]韩桂鸥,李霞,刘洪庆,等.林下养殖蚯蚓对盐碱地土壤和苗木生长的影响[J].天津农业科学,2016,22(4):79-82.
[13]鲁如坤.土壤农业化学分析方法[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社,2000.
[14]中国科学院南京土壤研究所.土壤微生物研究法[M].北京:科学出版社,1985.
[15]Pransiska Y,Triadiati T,Tjitrosoedirjo S,et al.Forest conversion impacts on the fine and coarse root system,and soil organic matter in tropical lowlands of Sumatera(Indonesia)[J].Forest Ecology and Management,2016,379:288-298.
[16]刘俊良,刘建云,罗微,等.橡胶园施肥穴胶树营养根分布规律研究初报[J].热带作物学报,2006,27(3):5-10.
[17]Cai Z C,Qin S W.Dynamics of crop yields and soil organic carbon in a long-term fertilization experiment in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain of China[J].Geoderma,2006,136(3-4):708-715.
[18]仝少伟,时连辉,刘登民,等.不同有机堆肥对土壤性状及微生物生物量的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2014,20(1):110-117.
[19]孙海东,刘备,吴炳孙,等.橡胶树人工林地土壤酸度特征及酸化原因分析[J].西北林学院学报,2016,31(2):49-54.
[20]杜社妮,梁银丽,张成娥.施肥对西红柿土壤微生物和土壤呼吸的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2011,29(5):178-181.
[21]许景伟,王卫东,李成.不同类型黑松混交林土壤微生物、酶及其与土壤养分关系的研究[J].北京林业大学学报,2000,22(1):51-55.
[22]林希昊,王真辉,陈秋波,等.不同树龄橡胶(Hevea brasiliensis)林细根生物量的垂直分布和年内动态[J].生态学报,2008(9):4 128-4 135.
[23]李一鲲.土壤p H值与橡胶树[J].云南热作科技,1979(2):13-16.