福建土楼群的“商业化”与“空心化”演变解析
|
摘要
福建土楼为闽西南地区特有的传统民居,其内外空间杂化过程正呈现出"商业化"与"空心化"趋势。国家"乡村振兴"战略的提出为传统村落发展提供了新的契机。文章通过对福建省南靖县土楼群:云水谣景区与梅林行政村进行实地调研:拍摄照片、走访村民、叠加各时期卫星影像、统计楼内各房间功能演变,将其中土楼群内外空间原状与现状进行对比与解析,归纳出土楼内外商业化与空心化演变的历程;并由表及里地探讨了土楼商业化与空心化对乡村的影响,进而分析了土楼群空间演变的影响因子;从而对解决我国新型城镇化中乡村传统民居内部矛盾提出解决方法。
Fujian Earthen Building(Tulou) is a special traditional folk residence in the southwest of Fujian, and its inter-space hybridization process is showing the trend of "Commercialization" and "Hollowing". The national strategy of "rural revitalization" provides a new opportunity for the development of traditional villages. This paper investigates the Tulou clusters of Yunshuiyao scenic spot and Meilin administrative village in Nanjing county, Fujian province. By taking photos, interviewing villagers, superposing satellite images of each period, and making statistics on the functional evolution of each room in the building, the paper compares and analyzes the original and present state of the internal and external spaces of each Tulou in the region, and summarizes the evolution process of commercialization and hollowing of Tulou. Finally, the paper puts forward the prospect of solving the internal contradictions of traditional rural residential houses in China's new-type urbanization.
Fujian Earthen Building(Tulou) is a special traditional folk residence in the southwest of Fujian, and its inter-space hybridization process is showing the trend of "Commercialization" and "Hollowing". The national strategy of "rural revitalization" provides a new opportunity for the development of traditional villages. This paper investigates the Tulou clusters of Yunshuiyao scenic spot and Meilin administrative village in Nanjing county, Fujian province. By taking photos, interviewing villagers, superposing satellite images of each period, and making statistics on the functional evolution of each room in the building, the paper compares and analyzes the original and present state of the internal and external spaces of each Tulou in the region, and summarizes the evolution process of commercialization and hollowing of Tulou. Finally, the paper puts forward the prospect of solving the internal contradictions of traditional rural residential houses in China's new-type urbanization.
引文
[1]朱琳,杨兴柱.国内传统民居空间置换研究综述[J].旅游论坛.2016,9,(02):49-56.
[2]李和平,薛威.历史街区商业化动力机制分析及规划引导[J].城市规划学刊.2012,(04):105-112.
[3]刘彦随,刘玉,翟荣新.中国农村空心化的地理学研究与整治实践[J].地理学报.2009,64,(10):1193-1202.
[4]张玉坤,李姝,宋昆.建筑中的商业化倾向[J].天津大学学报(社会科学版).2002,(03):233-236.
[5]薛力.城市化背景下的“空心村”现象及其对策探讨--以江苏省为例[J].城市规划.2001,(06):8-13.
[6]黄汉民.福建土楼:中国传统民居的瑰宝[M].北京:生活·读书·新知三联书店.2017:112-113,213-269.
[7]戴志坚.福建客家土楼形态探索[J].华中建筑.1996,(04):104-109.
[8]戴志坚.福建民居[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社.2009:80-82.
[9]Unesco world heritage centre.Decisions adopted at the 32nd session of the world heritage committee[EB/OL].Http://whc.unesco.org/en/decisions/1481.2008.
[2]李和平,薛威.历史街区商业化动力机制分析及规划引导[J].城市规划学刊.2012,(04):105-112.
[3]刘彦随,刘玉,翟荣新.中国农村空心化的地理学研究与整治实践[J].地理学报.2009,64,(10):1193-1202.
[4]张玉坤,李姝,宋昆.建筑中的商业化倾向[J].天津大学学报(社会科学版).2002,(03):233-236.
[5]薛力.城市化背景下的“空心村”现象及其对策探讨--以江苏省为例[J].城市规划.2001,(06):8-13.
[6]黄汉民.福建土楼:中国传统民居的瑰宝[M].北京:生活·读书·新知三联书店.2017:112-113,213-269.
[7]戴志坚.福建客家土楼形态探索[J].华中建筑.1996,(04):104-109.
[8]戴志坚.福建民居[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社.2009:80-82.
[9]Unesco world heritage centre.Decisions adopted at the 32nd session of the world heritage committee[EB/OL].Http://whc.unesco.org/en/decisions/1481.2008.