氧化锆基梯度功能材料的设计、制备与性能优化
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摘要
以石墨为单相润滑剂,设计、制备了梯度层热膨胀系数呈连续变化的氧化锆基功能梯度材料,研究了结构参数与梯度材料力学性能的关系。结果表明:通过调节石墨在复合材料中的空间分布特征,可实现对材料内残余应力大小的调节,进而实现材料力学性能的优化。增大梯度层数和承载层厚度均有利于梯度材料力学性能的提高。梯度指数p为2.5时,材料具有最佳的抗弯强度,抗弯强度可达750 MPa。材料的梯度结构设计实现了陶瓷复合材料的结构/润滑功能一体化。
Zirconia-based functionally graded materials with different thermal expansion coefficients(FGMs) were designed and prepared using graphite as a lubricant.The relation between the structure parameter of the prepared materials and their properties was investigated.The results indicate that the residual thermal stresses in the FGMs can be adjusted by changing the distribution of graphite in order to improve the mechanical properties.Increasing the number of graded layers and thickness of bearing layer of zirconia can favor the improvement of the mechanical properties.The bending strength is 750 MPa.The zirconia-based FGM has a maximum bending strength when the gradient index,p,is 2.5.This design realizes the integration of structure and lubricating function of the ceramic composites,which provides a basis for applications of ceramic materials in tribo-engineering.
Zirconia-based functionally graded materials with different thermal expansion coefficients(FGMs) were designed and prepared using graphite as a lubricant.The relation between the structure parameter of the prepared materials and their properties was investigated.The results indicate that the residual thermal stresses in the FGMs can be adjusted by changing the distribution of graphite in order to improve the mechanical properties.Increasing the number of graded layers and thickness of bearing layer of zirconia can favor the improvement of the mechanical properties.The bending strength is 750 MPa.The zirconia-based FGM has a maximum bending strength when the gradient index,p,is 2.5.This design realizes the integration of structure and lubricating function of the ceramic composites,which provides a basis for applications of ceramic materials in tribo-engineering.
引文
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[3]ZHANG Y S,HU L T,CHEN J M,et al.Lubrication behavior of Y-TZP/Al_2O_3/Mo nanocomposites at high temperature[J].Wear,2010,268(9-10):1091-1094.
[4]曹同坤,邓建新.自润滑陶瓷刀具切削过程中的减摩机理研究[J].硅酸盐学报.2006.34(10):1232-1237.CAO Tongkun,DENG Jianxin.J Chin Ceram Soc,2006,34:1232-1237.
[5]OUYANG J H,LI Y F,WANG Y M,et al.Microstructure and tribological properties of ZrO_2(Y_2O_3)matrix composites doped with different solid lubricants from room temperature to 800℃[J].Wear2009,267(9-10):1353-1360.
[6]衣明东,许崇海,陈照强,等.纳米CaF_2对自润滑陶瓷材料力学性能的影响[J].硅酸盐学报,2014,42(9):1127-1133.YI Mingdong,XU Chonghai,CHEN Zhaoqiang,et al.J Chin Ceram Soc,2014,42(9):1127-1133.
[7]杨新领,王子晨,李芳妮,等.碳化硅/石墨复合陶瓷密封材料的显微结构与性能[J].硅酸盐学报,2015,43(12):1686-1691.YANG Xinling,WANG Zichen,LI Fangni,et al.J Chin Ceram Soc,2015,43(12):1686-1691.
[8]QI Y E,ZHANG Y S,HU L T.High-temperature self-lubricated properties of Al_2O_3/M0 laminated composites[J].Wear,2012,280:1-4.
[9]ZHANG Y S,FANG Y,SONG J J,et al.High-performance ceramic lubricating materials[C]//Advances in materials science research.New York:Nova Science Publishers,2014:83-92.
[10]SONG J J,ZHANG Y S,SU Y F,et al.Influence of structural parameters and compositions on the tribological properties of alumina/graphite laminated composites[J].Wear,2015,338-339:351-361.
[11]FANG Y,ZHANG Y S,SONG J J,et al.Influence of structural parameters on the tribological properties of Al_2O_3/M0 laminated nanocomposites[J].Wear,2014,320:152-160.
[12]SONG J J,ZHANG Y S,FANG Y,et al.Influence of structural parameters and transition interface on the fracture property of Al_2O_3/M0 laminated composites[J].J Eur Ceram Soc,2015,35(5):1581-1591.
[12]SU Y F,ZHANG Y S,SONG J J,et al.High-temperature self-lubricated and fracture properties of alumina/molybdenum fibrous monolithic ceramic[J].Tribol Lett,2015,61(1):1-7.
[14]FAN H Z,HU T C,ZHANG Y S,et al.Tribological properties of micro-textured surfaces of ZTA ceramic nanocomposites under the combined effect of test conditions and environments[J].Tribol Int,2014,78:134-141.
[15]FAN H Z,ZHANG Y S,HU T C,et al.Surface composition-lubrication design of Al_2O_3/Ni laminated composites—PartⅠ:Tribological synergy effect of micro-dimpled texture and diamond-like carbon films in a water environment[J].Tribol Int,2015,84:142-151.
[16]FAN H Z,HU T C,WANH H Q,et al.Surface composition-lubrication design of Al_2O_3/Ni laminated composites—PartⅡ:Tribological behavior of LaF_3-doped MoS_2 composite coating in a water environment[J].Tribol Int,2016,96:258-268.
[17]FANG Y,ZHANG Y S,FAN H Z,et al.Surface composition-lubrication design of Al_2O_3/M0 laminated composites—PartⅠ:Influence of laser surface texturing on the tribological behavior at 25 and 800℃[J].Wear,2015,334-335:23-34.
[18]FANG Y,ZHANG Y S,SONG J J,et al.Design and fabrication of laminated-graded zirconia self-lubricating composites[J].Mater Des,2013,49:421-425.
[19]QI Y E,ZHANG Y S,FANG Y,et al.Design and preparation of high-performance alumina functional graded self-lubricated ceramic composites[J].Compos Part B-Eng,2013,47:145-149.
[20]LEE C S,AHN S H,DEJONGHE L C,et al.Effect of functionally graded material(FGM)layers on the residual stress of polytypoidally joined Si_3N_4-Al_2O_3[J].Mater Sci Eng A,2006,434(1-2):160-165.
[21]ZHANG G B,GUO Q G,LI X T,et al.Effect of the number of graded layers on the microstructure and properties of SiC/C functionally graded materials[J].Fusion Eng Des,2007,82(4):331-337.
[22]AMTNZARE M,ESKANDARI A,KHALIFE-SOLTANI S,et al.Reaction-bond sintering of C/SiC functionally graded nanostructured materials(FGNMs)[J].Mater Sci Eng A,2013,565:445-449.