滴灌水量与温度对表层土壤CO_2通量的影响
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摘要
采用土柱试验法,设计3个灌水量(1.0 L、1.5 L、2.0 L),研究了不同灌水量在灌水后土壤表面CO_2通量的变化过程及特征,进一步分析了温度、含水率对土壤CO_2排放的影响。研究结果表明:表层土壤CO_2通量在灌水后连续48 h内呈现出先降低后升高再降低再升高的变化特点,与土壤温度的变化具有一致性;土壤温度对表层土壤CO_2通量的影响显著,呈指数关系,土壤含水率与表层土壤CO_2通量的关系随着滴灌水量的增加逐渐减弱,无显著性;采用通径分析发现,土壤温度和含水率交互影响表层土壤CO_2通量,土壤温度是表层土壤CO_2通量的最主要影响因素。
In this study,3 irrigation amount treatments( 1.0,1.5 and 2.0 L) were set,the soil column method was used to investigate the change processes and characteristic of surface soil CO_2 flux after irrigation at different irrigation level,and the effects of temperature and moisture content on soil CO_2 emission were further analyzed. The results showed that the change process of surface soil CO_2 flux presented the tendency of decreasing first,then increasing and then decreasing again in 48 hours after irrigation,which was in accordance with the soil temperature changes; the effect of soil temperature on surface soil CO_2 flux was significant with exponential relationship,while the effect of soil moisture content on soil CO_2 flux decreased with the increase of drip irrigation water and was not significant; the Path Analysis showed that the interaction of soil temperature and soil moisture content affected the surface soil CO_2 flux,and soil temperature was the most important factor for surface soil CO_2 flux.
In this study,3 irrigation amount treatments( 1.0,1.5 and 2.0 L) were set,the soil column method was used to investigate the change processes and characteristic of surface soil CO_2 flux after irrigation at different irrigation level,and the effects of temperature and moisture content on soil CO_2 emission were further analyzed. The results showed that the change process of surface soil CO_2 flux presented the tendency of decreasing first,then increasing and then decreasing again in 48 hours after irrigation,which was in accordance with the soil temperature changes; the effect of soil temperature on surface soil CO_2 flux was significant with exponential relationship,while the effect of soil moisture content on soil CO_2 flux decreased with the increase of drip irrigation water and was not significant; the Path Analysis showed that the interaction of soil temperature and soil moisture content affected the surface soil CO_2 flux,and soil temperature was the most important factor for surface soil CO_2 flux.
引文
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[3]张俊丽,温晓霞,陈月星,等.不同耕作方式下旱作玉米田土壤呼吸及其影响因素[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(18):192-199.
[4]李虎,邱建军,王立刚.农田土壤呼吸特征及根呼吸贡献的模拟分析[J].农业工程学报,2008,24(4):15-20.
[5]刘爽,严昌荣,何文清,等.不同耕作措施下旱作农田土壤呼吸及其影响因素[J].生态学报,2010,30(11):2 919-2 924.
[6]康静,黄兴法.膜下滴灌的研究及发展[J].节水灌溉,2013,(9):71-74.
[7]李向春,李文昊,韩冬梅.绿洲区长期膜下滴灌棉田土壤盐分离子分布[J].节水灌溉,2016,(7):65-69.
[8]李慧,虎胆·吐马尔白,杨鹏年.南疆膜下滴灌不同盐分棉田水盐运移规律研究[J].节水灌溉,2014,(7):4-6,9.
[9]马英杰,何继武,洪明.新疆膜下滴灌技术发展过程及趋势分析[J].节水灌溉,2010,(12):87-89.
[10]袁晶晶,汪丙国.膜下滴灌棉田土壤温度分布特征[J].中国农村水利水电,2014,(9):16-22.
[11]周世军,雷晓云,李芳松,等.滴灌条件下核桃土壤水分空间变异性[J].节水灌溉,2011,(3):9-11.
[12]杨晓莉,樊军.水分对梯度法估算土壤表面CO2扩散通量的影响[J].土壤通报,2015,46(4):923-928.
[13]Huang L,Zhang Z,Li X.Soil CO2concentration in biological soil crusts and its driving factors in a revegetated area of the Tengger Desert,Northern China[J].Environmental Earth Sciences,2013,72(3):767-777.
[14]GUO Jian-fen,YANG Yu-sheng,LIU Le-zhong,et al.Effect of temperature on soil respiration in a Chinese fir forest[J].Journal of Forestry Research,2009,20(1):49-53.
[15]Bekele A,Kellman L,Beltrami H.Soil profile CO2concentrations in forested and clear cut sites in Nova Scotia,Canada[J].Forest Ecology and Managent,2007,242(2):587-597.
[16]张宏,黄懿梅,祁金花,等.温度和水分对黄土丘陵区3种典型土地利用方式下土壤释放CO2潜力的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2011,19(4):731-737.
[17]崔骁勇,陈四青,陈佐忠.大针茅典型草原土壤CO2排放规律研究[J].应用生态学报,2000,11(3):390-394.
[18]张金霞,曹广民,周党卫,等.草毡寒冻雏形土CO2释放特征[J].生态学报,2001,21(4):544-549.
[19]Jiang X,Li Y.Path analysis on the meteorological factors impacting soil respiration rate of wheat field[J].Agricultural Science&Technology,2009,10(1):74-76.
[20]郝旺林,梁银丽,吴兴,等.不同前茬冬小麦土壤呼吸特征及影响因子分析[J].环境科学,2011,32(11):3 167-3 173.
[21]吴静,陈书涛,胡正华,等.不同温度下的土壤微生物呼吸及其与水溶性有机碳和转化酶的关系[J].环境科学,2015,36(4):1 497-1 506.
[22]严俊霞,秦作栋,张义辉,等.土壤温度和水分对油松林土壤呼吸的影响[J].生态学报,2009,29(12):6 366-6 375.
[23]袁志发.通径分析方法简介[J].麦类作物学报,1981,(3):42-48.