地顶孢霉培养物对断奶仔猪生长性能、肠道菌群及体液免疫的影响
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摘要
为了在研究地顶孢霉(Acremonium terricola)培养物对断奶仔猪肠道菌群及免疫机能的影响,选取35日龄太湖黑猪×杜洛克杂交断奶仔猪30头,随机分为2组,每个组3个重复,每个重复5头猪,对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组在基础日粮中添加0.1%ATC,试验期45 d。结果显示:试验组相比对照组腹泻率显著减少(P<0.05);终末体重试验组高出对照组7.62%,试验组料重比比对照组低12.93%;对照组结肠大肠杆菌数量显著高于试验组(P<0.05),试验组盲肠沙门菌数极显著低于对照组(P<0.01),结肠沙门菌数显著低于对照组(P<0.05),试验组盲肠与结肠乳酸杆菌数均显著低于对照组(P<0.05);试验30 d,试验组猪瘟(HC)、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征(PRRS)及猪口蹄疫(FMD)抗体高于对照组(P>0.05),45 d后试验组HC抗体极显著高于对照组(P<0.01),PRRS抗体显著高于对照组(P<0.05),45 d后试验组FMD抗体高于对照组,差异不显著(P>0.05)。因此,ATC能够改善断奶仔猪肠道健康,增强其体液免疫应答功能。
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Acremonium terricola culture on the intestinal microflora and antioxidant capacity in piglets. Thirty crossbred weaned piglets(Taihu black pigs×Duroc), 35 day old, were randomly divided into 2 groups with 3 replicates in each group and 5 piglets per replica. In the trial group, 0.1% ATC was added to the basal diet, and the control group was fed with the basal diet. The experimental period was 45 days. The results showed that, compared with the control group, the trial group had a ssignificantly lower diarrhea rate(P<0.05), and higher end weight(7.62%), and 12.93% lower feed conversion ratio; but the control group had a significantly higher number of colonic Escherichia coli(P<0.05). The trial group also had significantly lower cecum salmonella(P<0.01) and colon salmonella(P<0.05), significantly lower lactobacillus in caecum and colon(P<0.05). On the 30~(th) day, the HC, PRRS and FMD antibodies in the trial group were higher than those in the control group(P>0.05). After the 45~(th) day, the trial group had significantly more HC antibodies(P<0.01), PRRS antibodies(P<0.05), and FMD antibodies; but the differences were not significant(P>0.05). The present study suggested that ATC improved the intestinal health and enhanced humoral immune response in weaned piglets.
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Acremonium terricola culture on the intestinal microflora and antioxidant capacity in piglets. Thirty crossbred weaned piglets(Taihu black pigs×Duroc), 35 day old, were randomly divided into 2 groups with 3 replicates in each group and 5 piglets per replica. In the trial group, 0.1% ATC was added to the basal diet, and the control group was fed with the basal diet. The experimental period was 45 days. The results showed that, compared with the control group, the trial group had a ssignificantly lower diarrhea rate(P<0.05), and higher end weight(7.62%), and 12.93% lower feed conversion ratio; but the control group had a significantly higher number of colonic Escherichia coli(P<0.05). The trial group also had significantly lower cecum salmonella(P<0.01) and colon salmonella(P<0.05), significantly lower lactobacillus in caecum and colon(P<0.05). On the 30~(th) day, the HC, PRRS and FMD antibodies in the trial group were higher than those in the control group(P>0.05). After the 45~(th) day, the trial group had significantly more HC antibodies(P<0.01), PRRS antibodies(P<0.05), and FMD antibodies; but the differences were not significant(P>0.05). The present study suggested that ATC improved the intestinal health and enhanced humoral immune response in weaned piglets.
引文
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[10] 李洋,窦秀静,张幸怡,等.地顶孢霉培养物对奶牛后肠道与乳中菌群数量、体细胞数及表观消化率的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2017,53(2):110-115.
[11] 谢全喜,亓秀晔,陈振,等.复合微生态制剂对断奶仔猪生长性能、腹泻率、免疫性能和肠道菌群的影响[J].动物营养学报,2017,29(3):850-858.
[12] Deng B,Wang Z P,Tao W J,et al.Effcts of polysaccharides from mycelia of Corpyceps sinensis on growth performance,immunity and antioxidant indicators of the white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei[J].Aquacult Nur,2015,21(2):173-179.
[13] 胡新旭,周映华,刘惠知,等.无抗发酵饲料对断奶仔猪生长性能、血液生化指标和免疫性能的影响[J].动物营养学报,2013,25(12):2989-2997.
[14] Koh J H,Suh H J,Ahn T S.Hot-water extract from mycelia of Cordyceps sinensis as a substitute for antibiotic growth promoters[J].Biotechnol Lett,2003,25(7):585-590.
[15] Kwon N H,Kims H,Baew K,et al.Antimicrobioal activity of Lactobacillus reuteri against major food-borne pathogens[J].J Food Safety,2001,16:264-273.
[16] 吴海港,刘佳,左春生.中药添加剂对断奶仔猪生长性能、免疫功能及肠道微生物的影响[J].饲料研究,2016(6):16-19.
[17] 徐长跃,李杰,于艳,等.代谢有机酸对断奶仔猪血清免疫指标及甲状腺激素的影响[J].饲料工业,2016,37(12) :6-9.
[18] Grassop J,Scholzr W,Erskiner J,et al.Phagocytosis,bactericidal activity,and oxidative metabolism of milk neutrophils from dairy cows fed selenium-supplemented and seleniumd-eficient diets[J].Am J Vet Res,1990,51(2):269-274.
[19] Wang M,Meng X Y,Yang R L,et al.Cordyceps militaris polysaccharides can enhance the immunity and antioxidation activity in immune suppressed mice[J].Carbohyd Polym,2012,89(2):461-466.
[20] Koh J H,Yu K W,Suh H J,et al.Activation of macrophages and the intestinal immune system by an orally adiministered decoction from cultured mycelia of Cordyceps sinensis[J].Am J Vet Res,2002,66(2):407-411.
[21] 李洋,林聪,许文斌,等.地顶孢霉培养物对大鼠生长性能、血清与肝脏抗氧化及免疫指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2016,28(8):2657-2666.
[2] 张志红,杨璐敏,邰丽梅,等.冬虫夏草生理活性成分研究进展[J].中国食用菌,2014,33(4):1-4.
[3] 呼晨,孙铭君,姚金水,等.北冬虫夏草多糖对四氯化碳致小鼠急性肝损伤的影响[J].中国兽医学报,2016,36(6):518-521.
[4] 魏建忠,张玮,李郁,等.地顶孢霉培养物对保育仔猪生产性能及免疫水平的影响[J].中国畜牧兽医,2009,21:33-35.
[5] 孙汉巨,李晓祥,丁琦,等.虫草饲料添加剂对蛋鸭生产性能及 鸭蛋 品质 的影 响[J].安徽农业科学,2011,39(6):3618-3620.
[6] 美子,王晓东.蛹虫草黄豆对小鼠的抗氧化及免疫作用[J].中国食品学报,2014,14(5):32-37.
[7] Eng B,Wang Z P,Tao W J,et al.Effects of polysaccharides from mycelia of Cordyceps sinensis oil growth performance,immunity and antioxidant indicators of the white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei[J].Aquacult Nutr,2015,2l(2):173-179.
[8] Heo J M,Opapegu F O,Pluske J R,et al.Gastrointestinal health and function in weaned pigs:a review of feeding strategies to control post-weaning diarrhoea without using in-feed antimicrobial compounds[J].J Anim Physiol An N,2013,97(2) :207-237.
[9] 史自涛,姚焰础,江山,等.粪肠球菌替代抗生素对断奶仔猪生长性能、腹泻率、血液生化指标和免疫器官的影响[J].动物营养学报,2015,27(6) :1832-1840.
[10] 李洋,窦秀静,张幸怡,等.地顶孢霉培养物对奶牛后肠道与乳中菌群数量、体细胞数及表观消化率的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2017,53(2):110-115.
[11] 谢全喜,亓秀晔,陈振,等.复合微生态制剂对断奶仔猪生长性能、腹泻率、免疫性能和肠道菌群的影响[J].动物营养学报,2017,29(3):850-858.
[12] Deng B,Wang Z P,Tao W J,et al.Effcts of polysaccharides from mycelia of Corpyceps sinensis on growth performance,immunity and antioxidant indicators of the white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei[J].Aquacult Nur,2015,21(2):173-179.
[13] 胡新旭,周映华,刘惠知,等.无抗发酵饲料对断奶仔猪生长性能、血液生化指标和免疫性能的影响[J].动物营养学报,2013,25(12):2989-2997.
[14] Koh J H,Suh H J,Ahn T S.Hot-water extract from mycelia of Cordyceps sinensis as a substitute for antibiotic growth promoters[J].Biotechnol Lett,2003,25(7):585-590.
[15] Kwon N H,Kims H,Baew K,et al.Antimicrobioal activity of Lactobacillus reuteri against major food-borne pathogens[J].J Food Safety,2001,16:264-273.
[16] 吴海港,刘佳,左春生.中药添加剂对断奶仔猪生长性能、免疫功能及肠道微生物的影响[J].饲料研究,2016(6):16-19.
[17] 徐长跃,李杰,于艳,等.代谢有机酸对断奶仔猪血清免疫指标及甲状腺激素的影响[J].饲料工业,2016,37(12) :6-9.
[18] Grassop J,Scholzr W,Erskiner J,et al.Phagocytosis,bactericidal activity,and oxidative metabolism of milk neutrophils from dairy cows fed selenium-supplemented and seleniumd-eficient diets[J].Am J Vet Res,1990,51(2):269-274.
[19] Wang M,Meng X Y,Yang R L,et al.Cordyceps militaris polysaccharides can enhance the immunity and antioxidation activity in immune suppressed mice[J].Carbohyd Polym,2012,89(2):461-466.
[20] Koh J H,Yu K W,Suh H J,et al.Activation of macrophages and the intestinal immune system by an orally adiministered decoction from cultured mycelia of Cordyceps sinensis[J].Am J Vet Res,2002,66(2):407-411.
[21] 李洋,林聪,许文斌,等.地顶孢霉培养物对大鼠生长性能、血清与肝脏抗氧化及免疫指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2016,28(8):2657-2666.