电焊作业场所空气中10种金属元素的检测分析
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摘要
目的采集多个电焊作业场所空气样品,使用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法检测其锰、铜、铅等10种金属及其化合物含量。方法选择电焊作业场所工人当天接触10种金属浓度最高时段,使用装载滤膜的空气采集泵短时间定点采样,采用硝酸和过氧化氢消解样品滤膜,以镥(Lu)为在线内标,使用ICP-MS的标准模式测定。结果电焊作业场所空气中检出锰、铜的含量较高,其中锰合格率为90.7%,其余8种金属含量均很低;不同作业场所和焊丝的空气中锰、铜、铅浓度差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);焊丝中锰、铜含量与其在空气中的浓度呈正相关(r值分别为0.280、0.417,P<0.05)。结论 ICP-MS可用于同时检测电焊作业场所空气中锰、铜、铅等10种金属元素,该法具有简单、快速、灵敏、准确等优点,可满足检测需要。
Objective Air samples from multiple welding sites were collected and the contents of 10 metals,including manganese,copper and lead,and their compounds were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry( ICP-MS).Methods The exposure time with the highest concentration of 10 metals of workers were selected. Using the filter air samplers,the air samples of the welding workplaces were collected by short time fixed sampling method. Nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide were used to digest sample filters,lutetium( Lu) as an online internal standard,with ICP-MS standard mode as determination method. Results The content of Mn and Cu in the welding workplaces air were higher than others,the qualified rate of Mn was 90. 7%,and the content of the other 8 metals were very low; at the different working sites and using different welding electrodes,the concentration differences of Mn,Cu and Pb in samples were statistically significant( P < 0. 01); the content of Mn and Cu in the electrodes was positively correlated with its concentration in air( r = 0. 280,r = 0417,P < 0. 05). Conclusion ICP-MS can be used to simultaneously detect 10 metals,such as Mn,Cu and Pb in the welding workplaces air. The method is simple,fast,sensitive and accuracy,which can meet the testing needs.
Objective Air samples from multiple welding sites were collected and the contents of 10 metals,including manganese,copper and lead,and their compounds were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry( ICP-MS).Methods The exposure time with the highest concentration of 10 metals of workers were selected. Using the filter air samplers,the air samples of the welding workplaces were collected by short time fixed sampling method. Nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide were used to digest sample filters,lutetium( Lu) as an online internal standard,with ICP-MS standard mode as determination method. Results The content of Mn and Cu in the welding workplaces air were higher than others,the qualified rate of Mn was 90. 7%,and the content of the other 8 metals were very low; at the different working sites and using different welding electrodes,the concentration differences of Mn,Cu and Pb in samples were statistically significant( P < 0. 01); the content of Mn and Cu in the electrodes was positively correlated with its concentration in air( r = 0. 280,r = 0417,P < 0. 05). Conclusion ICP-MS can be used to simultaneously detect 10 metals,such as Mn,Cu and Pb in the welding workplaces air. The method is simple,fast,sensitive and accuracy,which can meet the testing needs.
引文
[1]杜航,肖虹,杨福成,等.电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定电焊作业场所空气中的10种金属元素[J].理化检验:化学分册,2016,9(52):1045-1048.
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[10]张爱华,董明,崔凡,等.电感耦合等离子体-质谱法测定工作场所空气中16种稀土金属及其化合物[J].中国职业医学,2014,41(2):183-186.
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[13]李西西,焦燕妮,罗英男,等.空气及尿液中硬金属及其化合物测定的电感耦合等离子体质谱法[J].中国劳动卫生职业病杂志,2016,34(11):861-864.
[14]夏晓君,陈冠宁,魏春雁.微波消解-ICP-MS法测定药材栽培土壤中砷和汞[J].食品与药品,2016,18(1):34-37.
[15]梁群珍,李元尊,王生,等.饮用水中19种金属元素快速检测方法的建立[J].广东微量元素科学,2014,21(8):23-28.
[16]禹松林,程倩,韩建华,等.电感耦合等离子体质谱检测人尿液和血清中碘临床方法的建立[J].中国检验医学杂志,2016,39(12):917-921.
[2]中华人民共和国卫生部.GBZ 159—2004工作场所空气中有害物质监测的采样规范[S].北京:人民卫生出版社,2006.
[3]中华人民共和国卫生部.GBZ 2.1—2007工作场所有害因素职业接触限值第1部分:化学有害因素[S].北京:人民卫生出版社,2007.
[4]中华人民共和国卫生部.GBZ/T 160.7~10、13、15~16、23~25—2004工作场所空气中有毒物质测定[S].北京:人民卫生出版社,2006.
[5]中华人民共和国卫生部.GB 2009.94—2012食品安全国家标准植物性食品中稀土元素的测定[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2012.
[6]沈梅,韩伟立,王兵.微波消解ICP-MS法测定桑叶中微量元素的方法研究[J].中国卫生检验杂志,2013,23(10):2215-2216,2219.
[7]中华人民共和国卫生部.GB/T 5750.6—2006生活饮用水标准检验方法金属指标[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2007.
[8]张爱华,董明,李娟,等.电感耦合等离子体-质谱在职业卫生检测中应用[J].中国职业医学,2014,41(1):56-60.
[9]张爱华,董明,潘巧裕,等.电感耦合等离子体质谱法同时检测工作场所空气中的14种金属及其化合物[J].中国卫生检验杂志,2009,19(12):2740-2742.
[10]张爱华,董明,崔凡,等.电感耦合等离子体-质谱法测定工作场所空气中16种稀土金属及其化合物[J].中国职业医学,2014,41(2):183-186.
[11]陈喆.ICP-MS测定螺旋藻保健品中16种稀土元素的含量[J].海峡药学,2016,28(11):52-55.
[12]段红福,荣春蕾.ICP-MS在中药重金属及有害元素限量检测中的应用[J].中国医药科学,2015,5(1):95-96.
[13]李西西,焦燕妮,罗英男,等.空气及尿液中硬金属及其化合物测定的电感耦合等离子体质谱法[J].中国劳动卫生职业病杂志,2016,34(11):861-864.
[14]夏晓君,陈冠宁,魏春雁.微波消解-ICP-MS法测定药材栽培土壤中砷和汞[J].食品与药品,2016,18(1):34-37.
[15]梁群珍,李元尊,王生,等.饮用水中19种金属元素快速检测方法的建立[J].广东微量元素科学,2014,21(8):23-28.
[16]禹松林,程倩,韩建华,等.电感耦合等离子体质谱检测人尿液和血清中碘临床方法的建立[J].中国检验医学杂志,2016,39(12):917-921.