西南印度洋龙旂、断桥热液区沉积物中重矿物空间分布特征及其意义
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摘要
以中国大洋第34航次在西南印度洋龙旂与断桥热液区采集的洋底表层沉积物样品为研究对象,为洋中脊热液硫化物勘查重砂找矿工作提供一定的理论与工作基础,开展了沉积物自然重砂矿物的相关研究。绘制了研究区重砂矿物分布图,并根据研究区已探明热液矿体(喷口)的位置,对沉积物重分散晕的形成与分布规律进行了分析;从研究区沉积物的34种矿物中,筛选出3种沉积物重砂找矿的指示性矿物(重砂总量、黄铜矿、黄铁矿)及5种参考性矿物指标(帘石类矿物、透闪石、磁铁矿、铬铁矿、钛铁矿);运用统计学方法,建立了沉积物中指标矿物含量与矿源距离之间的线性方程,提出了根据测站沉积物中指标矿物含量,初步推算矿源距离的方法。
Longqi and Duanqiao hydrothermal fields seafloor sediments of the Chinese research cruise 34 were investigated in this study. According to the proven hydrothermal orebody(spout) in the study area, the formation and distribution of the thick sand and scattering haloes in the sediments were analyzed. Among the 34 minerals in the sediments of the study area, three minerals(heavy sand, chalcopyrite, and pyrite) and five reference minerals(sedimentary minerals, tremolite, magnetite, chromite, and Ilmenite) were confirmed. Using statistical methods, a linear equation to indicate the mineral content of the sediments and source distance was established, and a method is proposed for predicting the source distance based on the mineral content in sediments.
Longqi and Duanqiao hydrothermal fields seafloor sediments of the Chinese research cruise 34 were investigated in this study. According to the proven hydrothermal orebody(spout) in the study area, the formation and distribution of the thick sand and scattering haloes in the sediments were analyzed. Among the 34 minerals in the sediments of the study area, three minerals(heavy sand, chalcopyrite, and pyrite) and five reference minerals(sedimentary minerals, tremolite, magnetite, chromite, and Ilmenite) were confirmed. Using statistical methods, a linear equation to indicate the mineral content of the sediments and source distance was established, and a method is proposed for predicting the source distance based on the mineral content in sediments.
引文
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[15]Liao Guanghong,Zhou Beifeng,Liang Chujin,et al.Moored observation of abyssal flow and temperature near a hydrothermal vent on the Southwest Indian Ridge[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Oceans,2016,121:836-860.
[2]叶俊.西南印度洋超慢速扩张洋脊49.6°E热液区多金属硫化物成矿作用研究[D].青岛:中国科学院海洋研究所,2010.Ye Jun.Study on metallogenic behavior of polymetallic sulfide in the 49.6°E hydrothermal region of the southwest Indian Ocean ultra-slowly expansive ridge[D].Qingdao:Institute of Oceanology,the Chinese Academy of Sciences,2010.
[3]陶春辉,李怀明,金肖兵,等.西南印度洋脊的海底热液活动和硫化物勘探[J].中国科学:化学,2014,59(19):1812-1822.Tao Chunhui,Li Huaiming,Jin xiaobing,et al.Seafloor hydrothermal activity and polymetallic sulfide exploration on the southwest Indian ridg[J].Science China Chemistry,2014,59(19):1812-1822.
[4]曹红,曹志敏.西南印度洋中脊海底热液活动[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2011,31(1):67-75.Cao Hong,Cao Zhimin.Review of submarine hydrothermal activity in the southwest Indian ridg[J].Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology,2011,31(1):67-75.
[5]董国臣,李景朝,张虹,等.自然重砂的应用与前景[J].资源与产业,2015,17(2):1-7.Dong Guochen,Li Jingchao,Zhang Hong,et al.Application and outlook of heavy minerals[J].Resources&Industries,2015,17(2):1-7.
[6]吕菊蕊,高继峰.矿物组合及元素组合在重砂鉴定中的应用[J].甘肃科技,2011,27(17):47-49.LüJurui,Gao Jifeng.Application of mineral combination and element combination in identification of heavy sand[J].Gansu Science and Technology,2011,27(17):47-49.
[7]岳艳.浅谈重矿物物源分析方法[J].科技情报开发与经济,2010,20(12):137-146.Yue Yan.Introduction of the provenance analysis of heavy mineral[J].Sci-Tech Information Development&Economy,2010,20(12):137-146.
[8]王卫星,程绪江,张素荣,等.天津蓟县地区金、钨、钼矿自然重砂与地球化学区域找矿方法效果[J].地质通报,2014,33(12):2011-2014.Wang Weixing,Cheng Xujiang,Zhang Surong,et al.A comparative study of the effects of natural heavy mineral prospecting and regional geochemical exploration for gold,tungsten and molybdenum deposits in Jixian County area,Tianjin[J].Geological Bulletin of China,2014,33(12):2011-2014.
[9]张娟,张福神,晏俊灵,等.江西南岭成矿带自然重砂异常特征及其找矿潜力[J].地质通报,2014,33:1968-1974.Zhang Juan,Zhang Fushen,Yan Junling,et al.Natural gravity sand anomaly features and their potential for prospecting in Nanling metallogenic belt,Jiangxi Province[J].Geological Bulletin,2014,33:1968-1974.
[10]Хохряк?вH A.应用重砂的矿物—地球化学方法预测和寻找金矿床[J].刘丽玲译.地质地球化学,1992,5:20-24.Хохряк?вH A.Application of heavy sand mineralgeochemical method to predict and search for gold deposits[J].Liu Liling translation.Geology and geochemistry,1992,5:20-24.
[11]林学辉,辛文彬,徐磊.海洋沉积物含水率对部分碱金属及碱土金属元素含量的影响及意义[J].海洋科学,2015,39(12):106-111.Lin Xuehui,Xin Wenbin,Xu Lei.Effect of water content on certain alkali and alkali-earth elements in marine sediments[J].Marine Sciences,2015,39(12):106-111.
[12]李凤业.海洋沉积物中钾、钠、钙、镁的连续测定[J].海洋科学,1985,9(1):21-23.Li Fengye.Continuous determination of potassium,sodium,calclum,mganesium in marine sediments(AAS)[J],Marine Sciences,1985,9(1):21-23.
[13]马婉仙.重砂测量与分析[M].北京:地质出版社,1990:35-74.Ma Wanxian.Measurement and Analysis of Heavy Sand[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1990:35-74.
[14]中国地质科学院地矿研究所.砂矿物鉴定手册[M].北京:地质出版社,1975:23-278.Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences.Handbook of Identification of Sand Minerals[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1975:23-278.
[15]Liao Guanghong,Zhou Beifeng,Liang Chujin,et al.Moored observation of abyssal flow and temperature near a hydrothermal vent on the Southwest Indian Ridge[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Oceans,2016,121:836-860.