熊十力为什么批判孔子?
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摘要
20世纪现代新儒学的领军人物熊十力之所以依据《礼记·礼运》里的两段"子曰"名言,凭借"天下为公"的"大同之道",从学术研究的视角抨击文武周公、早年孔子以及主流儒家倡导的"天下为家"的"小康礼教",主要就是试图揭示后者在深度悖论中包含的"自私之流毒"与"移孝而作忠"两大严重弊端。他的这些"衰年定论"构成了两千五百年来儒家思想史上最富于原创性的自我批判,对于我们今天克服传统儒家的负面糟粕、弘扬儒家传统的优秀精华仍具有重要的理论意义。
As a leader in the modern neo-Confucianism of the 20 th century, Xiong Shili seriously criticizes the parochialistic propriety of "family interests first" advocated by Kongzi in his early years as well as by the whole Confucian mainstream according to the two famous paragraphs of LijiLiyun. His main aim is to reveal the two serious shortcomings of Confucianism, that is, "selfishness" and "transferring filial piety into loyalty", in virtue of the Great Way of "public interests first". Today these most original self-criticisms in the history of Confucianism of over 2500 years have important theoretical significance for us to overcome the negative disadvantages of traditional Confucianism and to promote its outstanding essence.
As a leader in the modern neo-Confucianism of the 20 th century, Xiong Shili seriously criticizes the parochialistic propriety of "family interests first" advocated by Kongzi in his early years as well as by the whole Confucian mainstream according to the two famous paragraphs of LijiLiyun. His main aim is to reveal the two serious shortcomings of Confucianism, that is, "selfishness" and "transferring filial piety into loyalty", in virtue of the Great Way of "public interests first". Today these most original self-criticisms in the history of Confucianism of over 2500 years have important theoretical significance for us to overcome the negative disadvantages of traditional Confucianism and to promote its outstanding essence.
引文
[1]熊十力.熊十力全集:第5卷[M].武汉:湖北教育出版社,2001.
[2]熊十力.现代新儒学的根基—熊十力新儒学论著辑要[M].北京:中国广播电视出版社,1996.
[3]熊十力.熊十力全集:第6卷[M].武汉:湖北教育出版社,2001.
[4]熊十力.熊十力全集:第7卷[M].武汉:湖北教育出版社,2001.
[5]徐复观.中国人性论史先秦篇[M].北京:三联书店,2001.
[6]徐复观.徐复观文集:第1卷[M].武汉:湖北人民出版社,2002.
[7]刘清平.忠孝与仁义——儒家伦理批判[M].上海:复旦大学出版社,2012.
[8]刘清平.论孔孟儒学的血亲团体性特征[J].哲学门,2000,(1).
[2]熊十力.现代新儒学的根基—熊十力新儒学论著辑要[M].北京:中国广播电视出版社,1996.
[3]熊十力.熊十力全集:第6卷[M].武汉:湖北教育出版社,2001.
[4]熊十力.熊十力全集:第7卷[M].武汉:湖北教育出版社,2001.
[5]徐复观.中国人性论史先秦篇[M].北京:三联书店,2001.
[6]徐复观.徐复观文集:第1卷[M].武汉:湖北人民出版社,2002.
[7]刘清平.忠孝与仁义——儒家伦理批判[M].上海:复旦大学出版社,2012.
[8]刘清平.论孔孟儒学的血亲团体性特征[J].哲学门,2000,(1).