上海市某社区居家养老者卫生服务需求与利用现况分析
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摘要
目的:了解上海市某社区居家养老现况,分析老人卫生服务需求与利用,为社区医养结合服务提供依据。方法:采用问卷调查法进行调查。调查内容涉及居家养老者基本状况、经济状况、健康状况、医疗服务需求等。结果:居家养老者以高龄、独居、生活困难的老人为主; 88.89%的老人患有各类慢性疾病; 46.33%的老人就医主选二、三级医院,53.67%的老人就医选择社区卫生服务中心; 51.52%的老人需要社区提供定期医疗服务,不同性别、患病史对医疗服务需求差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:居家养老者大多数有医疗服务需求,医疗费用负担较重,社区卫生服务利用率不高。应该探索家庭医生签约服务与居家养老服务社联动机制,将医疗服务融入居家养老服务;重视社区卫生服务机构发展,提高社区卫生服务知晓率与利用率。
Objective: To know the current status of home-based care for the aged,and analyse the health service demand and utilization of them so as to provide the basis for the combination of medicine and nursing in community. Methods: To finish the current investigation with questionnaires,which involves the basic status,economic conditions,health conditions,requirements of medicine and nursing and the use of service for the elderly. Results: The home-based care people are dominated by older,solitary and difficult people. 88.89% of them are suffering from chronic disease.46.33% of them mainly go to tertiary hospital.53.67% of them mainly go to community service center. 51.52% of them need the regular medicine care service from community. There was a significant difference in the demand for medicine care service with different sexes(P< 0.05).Conclusion: The demand of medical service for home-based care people is high and the medical expenses are heavy. The utilization rate of community health service is not well. It suggested that attention should be paid to the development of community health service institutions,and improve the service ability of community health care service to meet the needs of the medicine nursing service of home-based care elderly,integrate the service function of community health medicine treatment and home-based care,integrate medical services into homebased old-age care services,attach importance to the development of community health service institutions,and improve the awareness and utilization of community health services.
Objective: To know the current status of home-based care for the aged,and analyse the health service demand and utilization of them so as to provide the basis for the combination of medicine and nursing in community. Methods: To finish the current investigation with questionnaires,which involves the basic status,economic conditions,health conditions,requirements of medicine and nursing and the use of service for the elderly. Results: The home-based care people are dominated by older,solitary and difficult people. 88.89% of them are suffering from chronic disease.46.33% of them mainly go to tertiary hospital.53.67% of them mainly go to community service center. 51.52% of them need the regular medicine care service from community. There was a significant difference in the demand for medicine care service with different sexes(P< 0.05).Conclusion: The demand of medical service for home-based care people is high and the medical expenses are heavy. The utilization rate of community health service is not well. It suggested that attention should be paid to the development of community health service institutions,and improve the service ability of community health care service to meet the needs of the medicine nursing service of home-based care elderly,integrate the service function of community health medicine treatment and home-based care,integrate medical services into homebased old-age care services,attach importance to the development of community health service institutions,and improve the awareness and utilization of community health services.
引文
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[2]周,庞书勤,吴异兰,等.家庭养老高龄老人自我感受负担及影响因素调查[J].护理学杂志,2017,32(17):77-80.
[3]张旭.医养结合养老模式研究[J].赤峰学院学报,2014,35(3):102-104.
[4]裴瑞娟,李桂森,刘志宇,等.利益相关者视角下基层卫生机构参与居家养老的影响因素[J].医学与社会,2017,30(1):4-7.
[5]张念英,魏秀红,黄晶,等.居家老年人护理需求调查研究[J].护理学杂志,2014,29(3):22-23.
[6]李进芳.社区居家养老服务的需求特征及对策探析[J].统计与咨询,2015(2):22-23.
[7]郭莎莎,陈雪萍,李俊花.杭州某社区603名老年人居家养老及日间照料服务需求调查分析[J].护理学报,2015,22(7):72-75.
[8]丁宁龙,丁宁顶.老年医养结合服务对我国养老模式发展及智慧型养老的影响[J].全科护理,2016,14(28):2939-2941.
[9]王以新,冯妍,刘新桥,等.社区卫生服务机构在养老机制建设中的发展思路探讨[J].中国全科医学,2015,18(13):1495-1497.
[10]孟浩婷,胡凌娟,吴欣,等.居家养老对社区卫生服务机构医疗需求及制约因素分析-基于多省市的实地调查[J].中国全科医学,2017(20):209-211.
[11]孙小娅,庄梅宝,向敏,等.社区居家养老服务现况调查与相关对策研究[J].齐齐哈尔医学院学报,2014,35(21):3241-3243.
[12]张雪.医疗服务融入居家养老模式的探讨[J].农村经济与科技,2017,28(12):144-151.