灌区农业水权分配存在的问题及对策探讨
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摘要
灌区农业水权分配是开展灌区农业水价综合改革和农业水权转让的基础。从灌区农业水权的界定、分配主体、分配对象、分配方法等方面,分析了灌区农业水权分配中存在的一些问题,并提出了相应的对策。灌区农业水权分配应界定灌区的农业用水和非农业用水水权。农户的农业水权应包括水量、保证率、优先权、有效期等。建议建立农业水权保险制度,农户交纳农业水权保险费购买一定水量和优先权的年度农业水权。保险费用于补偿灌区管理机构为提高供水保证率增加的成本,补偿未灌溉的农户的损失以及量水设施的建设和维护。建议建立农业水权分配中的补偿机制、农业水权分配中的对话和监督机制以及农业水权的监控机制。
Agricultural water rights allocation is the foundation of comprehensive reform of agricultural water price and agricultural water rights transfer. This paper analyzed some problems in allocating agricultural water rights in irrigation district,such as definition of water rights,clarification of the subject and object of water rights allocation and allocation method,and the corresponding countermeasures were given. Results showed that water rights of agricultural water and other water use should be clarified before allocation of it.Agricultural water rights of farmers should include water quantity,reliability,priority,and duration. Water rights insurance system was suggested to be established. Farmers should apply water rights with different priorities by paying agricultural water rights insurance fee before using it. The insurance fee could be used to compensate for the extra cost of administration of irrigation district for improving water supply reliability,the loss of farmers without irrigating,and the construction and maintenance of water monitoring equipment. Compensation mechanism,communication mechanism of stakeholders,supervision mechanism,and monitoring system were important for agricultural water rights allocation in the irrigation district.
Agricultural water rights allocation is the foundation of comprehensive reform of agricultural water price and agricultural water rights transfer. This paper analyzed some problems in allocating agricultural water rights in irrigation district,such as definition of water rights,clarification of the subject and object of water rights allocation and allocation method,and the corresponding countermeasures were given. Results showed that water rights of agricultural water and other water use should be clarified before allocation of it.Agricultural water rights of farmers should include water quantity,reliability,priority,and duration. Water rights insurance system was suggested to be established. Farmers should apply water rights with different priorities by paying agricultural water rights insurance fee before using it. The insurance fee could be used to compensate for the extra cost of administration of irrigation district for improving water supply reliability,the loss of farmers without irrigating,and the construction and maintenance of water monitoring equipment. Compensation mechanism,communication mechanism of stakeholders,supervision mechanism,and monitoring system were important for agricultural water rights allocation in the irrigation district.
引文
[1]国务院办公厅.关于推进农业水价综合改革的意见(国办发[2016]2号)[EB/OL].[2017-08-20].http:/www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2016-01/29/content_5037340.htm.
[2]陈伟.浅议疏勒河流域双塔灌区水权分配制度改革[J].价值工程,2015(5):108-109.
[3]郭莉.基于法律程序视野中的农业水权配置程序构建[J].贵州农业科学,2013,41(6):232-236.
[2]陈伟.浅议疏勒河流域双塔灌区水权分配制度改革[J].价值工程,2015(5):108-109.
[3]郭莉.基于法律程序视野中的农业水权配置程序构建[J].贵州农业科学,2013,41(6):232-236.