沈北新区不同利用类型土壤脲酶活性及其影响因素分析
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摘要
采用均匀网格布点法采集沈阳市沈北新区不同土地利用类型101个表层(0—20 cm)土壤样品,测定了土壤脲酶活性、土壤理化性质和土壤细菌群落组成,分析了不同利用类型土壤脲酶活性变化特征及其与土壤理化性质、土壤细菌优势菌群之间的关系。土壤酶活力测定结果表明,沈北新区不同利用类型土壤脲酶活性由高到低依次为:旱田>天然林地>城市绿地>水田;相关分析与通径分析结果表明,土壤脲酶活性与土壤含水量呈极显著负相关关系,与总磷呈显著正相关关系,含水量和总磷对土壤脲酶活性的影响除了直接效应外,还存在较强的通过其它因素的间接效应,说明它们是影响土壤脲酶活性的两个主要因素;冗余分析结果表明,放线菌门(Actinomycetes)、泉古菌门(Crenarchaeota)和酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)对土壤脲酶影响较大,其菌群丰度主要受土壤含水量的调控,且其随土壤含水量的变化特征与土壤脲酶活性变化趋势相一致,提示这些菌群可能是土壤脲酶的重要来源。
In order to analyze the change characteristics of soil urease activity in different utilization types of land and their relationship with soil physical and chemical properties and soil dominant bacterial flora, 101 surface(0–20 cm) soil samples of different utilization types of land in Shenyang North New Area were sampled by uniform grid distribution method, and soil urease activity, soil physical and chemical properties and soil bacterial community composition of the collected samples were measured. Results showed that the soil urease activity of different utilization types of soil in Shenyang North New Area ranged in order: dry land > natural forest land > urban green land> paddy soil. The correlation analysis and path analysis showed that soil urease activity had a significant negative correlation with soil water content, and had a positive correlation with total phosphorus. Besides the direct effects on the soil urease activity, the water content and total phosphorus also proved strong indirect effects through other factors, demonstrating that they are two main factors affecting soil ureas activity.The redundancy analysis showed that the soil urease was mainly influenced by Actinomycetes, Crenarchaeota and Acidobacteria. The flora abundance was mainly regulated by soil water content, and its variation influenced by soil water content was consistent with the change trend of soil urease activity, indicating that these bacteria may be important sources of soil urease.
In order to analyze the change characteristics of soil urease activity in different utilization types of land and their relationship with soil physical and chemical properties and soil dominant bacterial flora, 101 surface(0–20 cm) soil samples of different utilization types of land in Shenyang North New Area were sampled by uniform grid distribution method, and soil urease activity, soil physical and chemical properties and soil bacterial community composition of the collected samples were measured. Results showed that the soil urease activity of different utilization types of soil in Shenyang North New Area ranged in order: dry land > natural forest land > urban green land> paddy soil. The correlation analysis and path analysis showed that soil urease activity had a significant negative correlation with soil water content, and had a positive correlation with total phosphorus. Besides the direct effects on the soil urease activity, the water content and total phosphorus also proved strong indirect effects through other factors, demonstrating that they are two main factors affecting soil ureas activity.The redundancy analysis showed that the soil urease was mainly influenced by Actinomycetes, Crenarchaeota and Acidobacteria. The flora abundance was mainly regulated by soil water content, and its variation influenced by soil water content was consistent with the change trend of soil urease activity, indicating that these bacteria may be important sources of soil urease.
引文
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[22]彭木,訾晓雪,尚娲,等.不同土地利用方式对大庆地区土壤理化性质、酶活性与微生物数量的影响[J].东北林业大学学报,2015,43(10):79-84.
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[24]王丽英,李红丽,董智,等.沙柳沙障对沙丘沙粒度组成与特征的影响[J].中国水土保持科学,2013,11(4):53-59.
[25]苗慧,沈峥,蒋豫,等.巢湖表层沉积物氮、磷、有机质的分布及污染评价[J].生态环境学报,2017,26(12):2120-2125.
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[28]朱同彬,诸葛玉平,刘少军,等.不同水肥条件对土壤酶活性的影响[J].山东农业科学,2008,(3):74-78.
[29]万忠梅,宋长春,郭跃东,等.毛苔草湿地土壤酶活性及活性有机碳组分对水分梯度的响应[J].生态学报,2008,28(12):5980-5986.
[30]LIU Shuying,WANG Ping,WANG Juan.Profile distributions and relationships of soil hydrolytic enzymes'activities in the irrigated farming sierozem under different fertilizations[J].Chinese Journal of Soil Science,2010,41(6):1386-1391.
[31]陶宝先,张金池,崔志华,等.苏南丘陵区林地土壤酶活性及其与土壤理化性质的相关性[J].生态与农村环境学报,2009,25(2):44-48.
[32]潘琇,王亮,谢拾冰,等.温州稻田耕层土壤机械组成与理化性状的相关研究[J].浙江农业科学,2009,1(6):1194-1197.
[33]王长庭,王根绪,刘伟,等.高寒草甸不同类型草地土壤机械组成及肥力比较[J].干旱区资源与环境,2013,27(9):160-165.
[34]MENG Qingying,ZHANG Chunfeng,JIA Huibin,et al.Effects of mechanical soil amelioration method on physical properties of and enzyme activity in planosol[J].Acta Pedologica Sinica,2016,53(2):552-559.
[35]WILLIAMS M A,RICE C W.Seven years of enhanced water availability influences the physiological,structural,and functionalattributes of a soil microbial community[J].Applied Soil Ecology,2007,35(1):535-545.
[36]LUO Yilin,LI Xianwei,ZHANG Lianghui,et al.Advances in reasearches on effect of environmental factors on soil microbes[J].Journal of Sichuan Forestry Science and Technology,2013,34(5):19-24.
[37]崔萌,李忠佩,车玉,等.不同水分状况下红壤水稻土中有机物料分解及酶活性的变化[J].安徽农业科学,2008,36(22):9634-9636.
[38]沈菊培,张丽梅,贺纪正.几种农田土壤中古菌、泉古菌和细菌的数量分布特征[J].应用生态学报,2011,22(11):2996-3002.
[2]TAN Manzhi,XU Fangming,CHEN Jie,et al.Spatial prediction of heavy metal pollution for soils in periurban Beijing,China based on fuzzy set theory[J].Pedosphere,2006,16(5):545-554.
[3]TANG Dongshan,WANG Weibo,LI Dunhai,et al.Effects of artificial algal crust on soil enzyme activities of Hopq desert,China[J].Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica,2007,31(3):339-344.
[4]NAYAK D R,BABU J Y,ADHYA T K.Long-term application of compost influences microbial biomass and enzyme activities in a tropical Aeric Endoaquept planted to rice under flooded condition[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2007,39(8):1897-1906.
[5]YAO Xiaohai,MIN Hang,LV Zhenhua,et al.Influence of acetamiprid on soil enzymatic activities and respiration[J].European Journal of Soil Biology,2006,42(2):120-126.
[6]冉启洋,吕光辉,魏雪峰,等.艾比湖自然保护区土壤酶活性及理化性质[J].干旱区研究,2014,31(4):715-722.
[7]NNY B,CHOTTE J L,PATE E,et al.Use of soil enzyme activities to monitor soil quality in natural and improved fallows in semi-arid tropical regions[J].Applied Soil Ecology,2001,18(3):229-238.
[8]李凤霞,王学琴,郭永忠,等.宁夏引黄灌区不同盐化程度土壤酶活性及微生物多样性研究[J].水土保持研究,2013,20(1):61-65.
[9]HUANG Lei,GAO Xu,LIU Ming.Correlation among soil microorganisms,soil enzyme activities,and removal rates of pollutants in three constructed wetlands purifying micropolluted river water[J].Ecological Engineering,2012,46(3):98-106.
[10]边雪廉,赵文磊,岳中辉,等.土壤酶在农业生态系统碳、氮循环中的作用研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2016,32(4):171-178.
[11]MENEGASSI A,WASSERMANN G E,OLIVERA-SEVERO D,et al.Urease from Cotton(Gossypium hirsutum)Seeds:Isolation,Physicochemical Characterization,and Antifungal Properties of the Protein[J].Journal of Agricultural&Food Chemistry,2008,56(12):4399-4405.
[12]DAS N,KAYASTHA A M,SRIVASTAVA P K.Purification and characterization of urease from dehusked pigeonpea(Cajanus cajan L)seeds[J].Phytochemistry,2002,61(5):513-521.
[13]刘淑英.不同施肥对西北半干旱区土壤脲酶和土壤氮素的影响及其相关性[J].水土保持学报,2010,24(1):219-223.
[14]NDIAYE E L,SANDENO J M,MCGRATH D,et al.Integrative biological indicators for detecting change in soil quality[J].American Journal of Alternative Agriculture,2000,15(1):26-36.
[15]薛文悦,戴伟,王乐乐,等.北京山地几种针叶林土壤酶特征及其与土壤理化性质的关系[J].北京林业大学学报,2009,31(4):90-96.
[16]LI Wei,WEI Jingjing,LIU Aimin,et al.Effects of Chlorophytum comosum growth on microbial biomass and soil enzymatic activities in zinc polluted soil[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2013,27(2):276-281.
[17]李锐,刘瑜,褚贵新,等.不同种植方式对绿洲农田土壤酶活性与微生物多样性的影响[J].应用生态学报,2015,26(2):490-496.
[18]宋敏,邹冬生,杜虎,等.不同土地利用方式下喀斯特峰丛洼地土壤微生物群落特征[J].应用生态学报,2013,24(9):2471-2478.
[19]迟旭雯,杜春梅,周红娟,等.旱田改水田对黑土p H、电导率及酶活性的影响[J].湖北农业科学,017,56(11):2045-2048.
[20]陈超,杨丰,赵丽丽,等.贵州省不同土地利用方式对土壤理化性质及其有效性的影响[J].草地学报,2014,22(5):1007-1013.
[21]章家恩,刘文高,胡刚.不同土地利用方式下土壤微生物数量与土壤肥力的关系[J].生态环境学报,2002,11(2):140-143.
[22]彭木,訾晓雪,尚娲,等.不同土地利用方式对大庆地区土壤理化性质、酶活性与微生物数量的影响[J].东北林业大学学报,2015,43(10):79-84.
[23]徐华勤,章家恩,冯丽芳,等.广东省典型土壤类型和土地利用方式对土壤酶活性的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2010,16(6):1464-1471.
[24]王丽英,李红丽,董智,等.沙柳沙障对沙丘沙粒度组成与特征的影响[J].中国水土保持科学,2013,11(4):53-59.
[25]苗慧,沈峥,蒋豫,等.巢湖表层沉积物氮、磷、有机质的分布及污染评价[J].生态环境学报,2017,26(12):2120-2125.
[26]LIU Xing,WANG Jinsong,ZHAO Xiuhai.Effects of simulated nitrogen deposition on the soil enzyme activities in a Pinus tabulaeformis forest at the Taiyue Mountain[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2015,35(14):4613-4624.
[27]梁毅,杨慧,曹建华,等.不同土地利用方式下土壤养分和酶活性的变化[J].广西师范大学学报(自然科学版),2013,31(1):125-129.
[28]朱同彬,诸葛玉平,刘少军,等.不同水肥条件对土壤酶活性的影响[J].山东农业科学,2008,(3):74-78.
[29]万忠梅,宋长春,郭跃东,等.毛苔草湿地土壤酶活性及活性有机碳组分对水分梯度的响应[J].生态学报,2008,28(12):5980-5986.
[30]LIU Shuying,WANG Ping,WANG Juan.Profile distributions and relationships of soil hydrolytic enzymes'activities in the irrigated farming sierozem under different fertilizations[J].Chinese Journal of Soil Science,2010,41(6):1386-1391.
[31]陶宝先,张金池,崔志华,等.苏南丘陵区林地土壤酶活性及其与土壤理化性质的相关性[J].生态与农村环境学报,2009,25(2):44-48.
[32]潘琇,王亮,谢拾冰,等.温州稻田耕层土壤机械组成与理化性状的相关研究[J].浙江农业科学,2009,1(6):1194-1197.
[33]王长庭,王根绪,刘伟,等.高寒草甸不同类型草地土壤机械组成及肥力比较[J].干旱区资源与环境,2013,27(9):160-165.
[34]MENG Qingying,ZHANG Chunfeng,JIA Huibin,et al.Effects of mechanical soil amelioration method on physical properties of and enzyme activity in planosol[J].Acta Pedologica Sinica,2016,53(2):552-559.
[35]WILLIAMS M A,RICE C W.Seven years of enhanced water availability influences the physiological,structural,and functionalattributes of a soil microbial community[J].Applied Soil Ecology,2007,35(1):535-545.
[36]LUO Yilin,LI Xianwei,ZHANG Lianghui,et al.Advances in reasearches on effect of environmental factors on soil microbes[J].Journal of Sichuan Forestry Science and Technology,2013,34(5):19-24.
[37]崔萌,李忠佩,车玉,等.不同水分状况下红壤水稻土中有机物料分解及酶活性的变化[J].安徽农业科学,2008,36(22):9634-9636.
[38]沈菊培,张丽梅,贺纪正.几种农田土壤中古菌、泉古菌和细菌的数量分布特征[J].应用生态学报,2011,22(11):2996-3002.