新型超级奥氏体不锈钢654SMO偏析行为及均匀化工艺
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摘要
利用Thermo-Calc热力学软件、金相显微镜(OM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)研究了超级奥氏体不锈钢654SMO铸锭的枝晶形貌、元素偏析、析出相等偏析和析出特征,根据合金相图和均匀化扩散动力学曲线提出了超级奥氏体不锈钢654SMO的均匀化处理制度。通过对不同制度均匀化处理后试样的枝晶形貌、残余偏析指数和析出相的分析并结合锻造试验验证,确定了超级奥氏体不锈钢654SMO的合理均匀化工艺。结果表明,超级奥氏体不锈钢654SMO在凝固过程中钼元素偏析最严重,铸锭中心偏析程度大于边缘;钼主要偏聚于枝晶间并促进σ相析出。经1 280℃均匀化处理16 h后,元素偏析基本消除,枝晶充分消融,析出相充分回溶,热塑性得到了显著提升。
The dendritic crystal morphology,element segregation and precipitation behaviors of super austenitic stainless steel 654 SMO ingot were investigated by means of Thermo-Calc calculation,optical microscope(OM)and scanning electron microscope(SEM). Based on the alloy phase diagram and kinetic homogenizing curves,the homogenization treatments of 654 SMO were proposed. Through the analysis of dendritic crystal morphology,residual segregation index and precipitates after different homogenization treatments,combined with forging experiments,the reasonable homogenization treatment of 654 SMO has been determined. The results show that the segregation of Mo was the most serious during the solidification of 654 SMO,and the degree of segregation in the center of ingot was greater than that of the edge. Mo mainly segregated at the dendrite core and promoted the precipitation of σ phase. After homogenizing at1 280 ℃ for 16 h,the segregation of elements was basically eliminated,the dendrite was fully melted,the precipitates were fully dissolved,and the hot ductility of the ingot has been greatly improved.
The dendritic crystal morphology,element segregation and precipitation behaviors of super austenitic stainless steel 654 SMO ingot were investigated by means of Thermo-Calc calculation,optical microscope(OM)and scanning electron microscope(SEM). Based on the alloy phase diagram and kinetic homogenizing curves,the homogenization treatments of 654 SMO were proposed. Through the analysis of dendritic crystal morphology,residual segregation index and precipitates after different homogenization treatments,combined with forging experiments,the reasonable homogenization treatment of 654 SMO has been determined. The results show that the segregation of Mo was the most serious during the solidification of 654 SMO,and the degree of segregation in the center of ingot was greater than that of the edge. Mo mainly segregated at the dendrite core and promoted the precipitation of σ phase. After homogenizing at1 280 ℃ for 16 h,the segregation of elements was basically eliminated,the dendrite was fully melted,the precipitates were fully dissolved,and the hot ductility of the ingot has been greatly improved.
引文
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[26]Hillert A.Diffusion and Thermodynamics of Alloy[M].Translated by LAI He-yi,LIU Guo-xun.Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,1984.
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[2]PU En-xiang,ZHENG Wen-jie,XIANG Jin-zhong,et al.Hot deformation characteristic and processing map of superaustenitic stainless steel S32654[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2014,594:174.
[3]PU En-xiang,FENG Han,LIU Min,et al.Constitutive modeling for flow behaviors of super austenitic stainless steel S32654during hot deformation[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,International,2016,23(2):178.
[4]曾莉,张威,王琦,等.超级奥氏体不锈钢的高温热变形行为[J].钢铁,2017,52(10):72.(ZENG Li,ZHANG Wei,WANG Qi,et al.Hot deformation behavior of super austenitic stainless steel[J].Iron and steel,2017,52(10):72.)
[5]张欣杰,张欢欢,崔利民.奥氏体不锈钢夹杂物控制工艺技术探讨[J].中国冶金,2018,28(1):45.(ZHANG Xin-jie,ZHANG Huan-huan,CUI Li-min.Discussion of austenitic stainless steel inclusion control technology[J].China Metallurgy,2018,28(1):45.)
[6]Torkar M,Vodopivec F,Petovar S.Analysis of segregations in as-cast X40Cr Mo V51 steel[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,1993,173(1):313.
[7]董鹏莉,尚海霞,王华.铸坯及板卷典型质量缺陷成因与控制技术[J].中国冶金,2017,27(6):7.(DONG Peng-li,SHANG Hai-xia,WANG Hua.Typical quality defect cause and control technology of slab and plate[J].China Metallurgy,2017,27(6):7.)
[8]纪元,闵云峰,李鹏善,等.钢中带状组织及其研究现状[J].中国冶金,2016,26(4):1.(JI Yuan,MIN Yun-feng,LI Pengshan,et al.Research status of banding phenomena in steels[J].China Metallurgy,2016,26(4):1.)
[9]Jahangiri M R,Arabi H,Boutorabi S M A.High-temperature compression behavior of cast and homogenized IN939 superalloy[J].Metallurgical and Materials Transctions A,2013,44A:1827.
[10]陈欢.30Cr1Mo1V钢转子锻件高温扩散工艺研究[D].秦皇岛:燕山大学,2014.(CHEN Huan.Study on High-Temperature Diffusion Process of 30Cr1Mo1V Steel Rotor Forging[D].Qinhuangdao:Yanshan University,2014.)
[11]LIU Xin-gang,MENG Dong-ning,WANG Yu-hui,et al.Influences of high-temperature diffusion on the homogenization and high-temperature fracture behavior of 30Cr1Mo1V[J].Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance,2015,24:1079.
[12]朱冠妮,毕中南,董建新,等.镍基耐蚀合金C-276铸锭元素偏析和均匀化工艺[J].北京科技大学学报,2010,32(5):628.(ZHU Guan-ni,BI Zhong-nan,DONG Jian-xin,et al.Microsegregation and homogenization of nickel base corrosion resistant alloy C-276 ingots[J].Journal of University Science and Technology Beijing,2010,32(5):628.)
[13]曾莉,张威,王岩.超级奥氏体不锈钢偏析行为及元素再分配规律[J].材料热处理学报,2015,36(4):232.(ZENG Li,ZHANG Wei,WANG Yan.Microsegregation behavior and element redistribution in superaustenitic stainless steel[J].Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment,2015,36(4):232.)
[14]王玲,董建新,李传起.冷速对IN718凝固过程中偏析和Rayleigh数的影响[J].北京科技大学学报,2007,29(12):1222.(WANG Ling,DONG Jian-xin,LI Chuan-qi.Effect of cooling rate on the segregation and rayleigh number of IN718 during solidification[J].Journal of University Science and Technology Beijing,2007,29(12):1222.)
[15]Kearsey R M,Beddoes J C,Jones P,et al.Compositional design considerations for microsegregation in single crystal superalloy systems[J].Intermetallics,2004,12:903.
[16]何庆文,王宝,王福明,等.大方坯轴承钢中心偏析的成因及预防措施[J].钢铁,2009,44(8):39.(HE Qing-wen,WANG Bao,WANG Fu-ming,et al.Cause and preventive measure for central segregation of bearing steel bloom[J].Iron and Steel,2009,44(8):39.)
[17]Aksoy M,Kuzucu V,Korkut M H,et al.The effect of niobium and homogenization on the wear resistance and some mechanical properties of ferritic stainless steel containing 17-18 wt.%chromium[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,1999,91:172.
[18]毕中南,曲敬龙,杜金辉,等.新型难变形高温合金ЭК151的偏析行为及均匀化工艺研究[J].钢铁研究学报,2011,23(s2):263.(BI Zhong-nan,QU Jing-long,DU Jin-hui,et al.Segregation behavior and investigation on homogenization for a new difficult-to-deform superalloyЭК151 ingot[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,2011,23(s2):263.)
[19]Habib S,Habib S.Experimental investigation and analytical prediction ofσ-phase precipitation in AISI 316L austenitic stainless steel[J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A,2013,44A:3077.
[20]刘复兴.S32205双相不锈钢中σ相的析出及其对力学性能的影响[J].钢铁,2010,45(7):62.(LIU Fu-xing.σphase precipitation and its effect on mechanical properties of S32205 duplex stainless steel[J].Iron and Steel,2010,45(7):62.)
[21]SONG Zhi-gang,PU En-xiang.Precipitated phases of super austenitic stainless steel 654SMO[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,International,2017,24(7):743.
[22]龙正东,马培立,仲增墉.In706合金锭的均匀化处理[J].钢铁研究学报,1997,31(1):21.(LONG Zheng-dong,MA Pei-li,ZHONG Zeng-yong.Homogenizing treatments of In706 alloy billet[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,1997,31(1):21.)
[23]田玉亮,王玲,董建新,等.GH742铸锭偏析及均匀化过程中元素分布规律[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2006,35(8):1315.(TIAN Yu-liang,WANG Ling,DONG Jian-xin,et al.Microsegregation of GH742 ingot and the element distribution during homogenizing treatment[J].Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2006,35(8):1315.)
[24]李科敏,杨玉军,王志刚,等.GH350合金铸锭元素偏析及其均匀化热处理[J].钢铁研究学报,2012,24(7):54.(LI Kemin,YANG Yu-jun,WANG Zhi-gang,et al.Microsegregation and homogenizing treatment of GH350 ingot[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,2012,24(7):54.)
[25]梅声勇,郑磊,蒙肇斌,等.GH105合金铸锭元素偏析和均匀化工艺[J].北京科技大学学报,2009,31(6):714.(MEI Sheng-yong,ZHENG Lei,MENG Zhao-bin,et al.Microsegregation and homogenization of GH105 superalloy ingot[J].Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing,2016,31(6):714.)
[26]Hillert A.Diffusion and Thermodynamics of Alloy[M].Translated by LAI He-yi,LIU Guo-xun.Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,1984.
[27]Villegas Cardenas J D,Lopez Hirata V M,Torrne A D I D L,et al.Assessment of hardness in as-cast and homogenized Zn-AlCu alloys[J].Materials Transactions,2011,52(8):1581.