连铸轴承钢盘条腐蚀孔洞及其冶金工艺改善措施
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摘要
连铸轴承钢中存在的偏析和凝固组织缺陷会对热轧盘条产生不利影响,综述了腐蚀环境下连铸轴承钢盘条孔洞缺陷形成机理及其危害,分析盘条孔洞缺陷位置和形貌与碳、铬元素偏析和网状碳化物的析出之间关系,从而提出有效改善盘条孔洞缺陷的具体冶金工艺措施。
The segregation and defects in solidification structure of continuous casted bearing steel have a negative effect on hot rolled wire rod. The formation mechanism and harms of hole defects on wire rod of continuous casted bearing steel are summarized under corrosion environment. The relationship is analyzed among position and morphology of hole defects on wire rod and segregation of carbon and chromium elements and precipitation of network carbide. The concrete metallurgical process measures are proposed to effectively improve hole defects on wire rod.
The segregation and defects in solidification structure of continuous casted bearing steel have a negative effect on hot rolled wire rod. The formation mechanism and harms of hole defects on wire rod of continuous casted bearing steel are summarized under corrosion environment. The relationship is analyzed among position and morphology of hole defects on wire rod and segregation of carbon and chromium elements and precipitation of network carbide. The concrete metallurgical process measures are proposed to effectively improve hole defects on wire rod.
引文
[1]何加群.中国工业强国战略和轴承产业[J].轴承,2015(1):55-63.
[2]宗男夫,张慧,张兴中.国内外高品质轴承钢洁净化与均质化控制技术的进展[J].轴承,2017(1):48-53.
[3]张永乾.滚动体行业“十三五”技术发展方向[J].轴承,2017(9):1-2,30.
[4]BHADESHIA H K D H.Steels for bearings[J].Progress in Materials Science,2012,57:268-435.
[5]FU J W.Microstructure and corrosion behavior of hotrolled GCr15 bearing steel[J].Applied Physics A,2016,122(4):1-6.
[6]韩怀宾,李永超,万长杰,等.改善GCr15轴承钢酸蚀低倍质量的生产实践[J].河南冶金,2017,24(6):38-41.
[7]董志强,张立峰,张治广,等.GCr15轴承钢盘条孔洞缺陷分析及改善[J].河北冶金,2014(6):60-64.
[8]SHIOZAWA K,LU L,ISHIHARA S.S-N curve characteristics and subsurface crack initiation behaviour in ultra-long life fatigue of a high carbon-chromium bearing steel[J].Fatigue&Fracture of Engineering Materials&Structures,2001,24(12):781-790.
[9]MURAKAM Y,NOMOTO T,UEDA T.Factors influencing the mechanisms of superlong fatigue failure in steels[J].Fatigue&Fracture of Engineering Materials&Structures,1999,22(7):581-590.
[10]JOHANSSON T I,LUND T B,LUNDPL J.A review of swedish bearing steel manufacturing and quality assurance of steel products[J].Journal of ASTM International,2006,3(10):3-15.
[11]CHAE J Y,JANG J H,ZHANG G H,et al.Dilatometric analysis of cementite dissolution in hypereutectoid steels containing Cr[J].Scripta Materialia,2011,65:245-248.
[12]刘靖,韩静涛,席军良,等.GCr15轴承钢加热温度与碳化物的溶解扩散[J].金属热处理,2008,33(10):87-91.
[13]WARHADPAANDE A,SADEGHI F,EVANS R D.Microstructural aterations in bearing steels under rolling contact fatigue part 1-historical overview[J].Tribology Transactions,2013,56(3):349-358.
[14]SADEGHI F,JALALAHMADI B,SLACK T S,et al.Areview of rolling contact fatigue[J].Journal of Tribology,2009,131:1-15.
[15]SYCHKOV A B,ZHIGAREV M A,ZHUKOVA S Y,et al.Effect of dendritic segregation in the continuous cast semifinished product on the formation of the stucture of high-carbon-steel wire rod[J].Metallurgist,2008,52(5/6):275-282.
[16]刘秀莲,班君,罗燕,等.高温轴承钢钢球表面缺陷分析[J].失效分析与预防,2015,10(4):258-262.
[17]GENEL K,DEMIRKOL M.Effect of case depth on fatigue performance of AISI 8620 carburized steel[J].International Journal of Fatigue,1999,21(2):207-212.
[18]CHENG W,CHENG H S,MURA T,et al.Micromechanics modeling of crack initiation under contact fatigue[J].Journal of Tribology,1994,116(1):2-8.
[19]POLONSKY I A,KEER L M.Scale effects of elasticplastic behavior of microscopic asperity contacts[J].Journal of Tribology,1996,118(2):335-340.
[20]徐鹤琴,汪久根,王庆九.滚动轴承疲劳寿命的影响因素[J].轴承,2016(5):58-64.
[21]YUAN J,PENG L,HAO G,et al.Behavior of spot segregation in continuously cast blooms and the resulting segregated band in oil pipe steels[J].Steel Research International,2018,89(3):331-340.
[22]桂美文,覃之光.82B高碳钢连铸坯中心偏析及线材质量的改善[J].炼钢,2005,21(3):1-4.
[23]纪元,闵云峰,李鹏善,等.钢中带状组织及其研究现状[J].中国冶金,2016,26(4):1-9.
[24]黄拓,马忠伟,任金朝,等.82B连铸坯V型偏析现象及控制[J].钢铁钒钛,2014,35(6):108-112.
[25]KRAUSS G.Solidification,segregation and banding in carbon and alloy steels[J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B,2003,34(6):781-792.
[26]BESWICK J M.The effect of chromium in high carbon bearing steels[J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A,1987,18(11):1897-1906.
[27]KIM J K,KIM Y H,LEE J S,et al.Effect of chromium content on intergranular corrosion and precipitation of Ti-stabilized ferritic stainless steels[J].Corrosion Science,2010,52(5):1847-1852.
[28]QIAN Y H,MA C H,NIU D,et al.Influence of alloyed chromium on the atmospheric corrosion resistance of weathering steels[J].Corrosion Science,2013,74(9):424-429.
[29]GUO S Q,XU L N,ZHANG L,et al.Corrosion of alloy steels containing 2%chromium in CO2environments[J].Corrosion Science,2012,63(10):246-258.
[30]CHOUDHARY S K,GAUGULY S.Morphology and segregation in continuously cast high carbon steel billets[J].ISIJ International,2007,47(12):1759-1766.
[31]RAIHLE C M,SIVESSON P,TUKIAINEN M,et al.Improving inner quality in continuous cast billets[J].Ironmaking&Steelmaking,1994,21(6):487-495.
[32]王雷,麻晗.凝固组织遗传性及其在缺陷分析中的应用[J].金属热处理,2015,40(6):183-185.
[33]XIE J,ALPAS A T,NORTHWOOD D O.The role of heat treatment on the erosion-corrosion behavior of AI-SI 52100 steel[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2005,393(1):42-50.
[34]姚俊,唐广波,刘正东,等.GCr15轴承钢棒材连轧过程温度场数值模拟[J].特殊钢,2010,31(3):6-9.
[35]ZHANG J G,SUN D S,SHI S H.Microstructure and continuous cooling transformation thermograms of spray formed GCr15 steel[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2002,326(1):20-25.
[36]孙艳坤,吴迪.超快冷终冷温度对轴承钢棒材组织性能影响[J].东北大学学报:自然科学版,2008,29(11):1572-1575.
[37]杨洪波,朱伏先,马宝国,等.终轧温度对GCr15轴承钢网状碳化物析出的影响[J].特殊钢,2010,31(1):55-56.
[38]YIN F,HUA L,MAO H J,et al.Microstructural modeling and simulation for GCr15 steel during elevated temperature deformation[J].Materials&Design,2014,55:560-573.
[39]逯志方,苑希现,王伟,等.高温扩散对轴承钢低倍组织和碳化物不均匀性的影响[J].钢铁研究学报,2017,29(2):144-149.
[40]逯志方,张治广,赵铮铮,等.过热度对轴承钢内部组织的影响[J].工程科学学报,2016,38(S1):45-49.
[41]OH K S,CHANG Y W.Macrosegeregation behavior in continuously cast high carbon steel blooms and billets at the final stage of solidification in combination stirring[J].ISIJ International,1995,35(7):866-875.
[42]宗男夫,张慧,刘洋,等.连铸轴承钢压下技术的研究与应用进展[J].轴承,2018(1):58-63.
[43]鍋島誠司,中戸參,藤井徹也等.連続鍛圧法によるブルーム鋳片の偏析制御機構[J].鉄と鋼,1993,79(4):479-485.
[44]WANG B,ZHANG J M,XIAO C,et al.Analysis of the evolution behavior of voids during the hot rolling process of medium plates[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2015,221:121-127.
[2]宗男夫,张慧,张兴中.国内外高品质轴承钢洁净化与均质化控制技术的进展[J].轴承,2017(1):48-53.
[3]张永乾.滚动体行业“十三五”技术发展方向[J].轴承,2017(9):1-2,30.
[4]BHADESHIA H K D H.Steels for bearings[J].Progress in Materials Science,2012,57:268-435.
[5]FU J W.Microstructure and corrosion behavior of hotrolled GCr15 bearing steel[J].Applied Physics A,2016,122(4):1-6.
[6]韩怀宾,李永超,万长杰,等.改善GCr15轴承钢酸蚀低倍质量的生产实践[J].河南冶金,2017,24(6):38-41.
[7]董志强,张立峰,张治广,等.GCr15轴承钢盘条孔洞缺陷分析及改善[J].河北冶金,2014(6):60-64.
[8]SHIOZAWA K,LU L,ISHIHARA S.S-N curve characteristics and subsurface crack initiation behaviour in ultra-long life fatigue of a high carbon-chromium bearing steel[J].Fatigue&Fracture of Engineering Materials&Structures,2001,24(12):781-790.
[9]MURAKAM Y,NOMOTO T,UEDA T.Factors influencing the mechanisms of superlong fatigue failure in steels[J].Fatigue&Fracture of Engineering Materials&Structures,1999,22(7):581-590.
[10]JOHANSSON T I,LUND T B,LUNDPL J.A review of swedish bearing steel manufacturing and quality assurance of steel products[J].Journal of ASTM International,2006,3(10):3-15.
[11]CHAE J Y,JANG J H,ZHANG G H,et al.Dilatometric analysis of cementite dissolution in hypereutectoid steels containing Cr[J].Scripta Materialia,2011,65:245-248.
[12]刘靖,韩静涛,席军良,等.GCr15轴承钢加热温度与碳化物的溶解扩散[J].金属热处理,2008,33(10):87-91.
[13]WARHADPAANDE A,SADEGHI F,EVANS R D.Microstructural aterations in bearing steels under rolling contact fatigue part 1-historical overview[J].Tribology Transactions,2013,56(3):349-358.
[14]SADEGHI F,JALALAHMADI B,SLACK T S,et al.Areview of rolling contact fatigue[J].Journal of Tribology,2009,131:1-15.
[15]SYCHKOV A B,ZHIGAREV M A,ZHUKOVA S Y,et al.Effect of dendritic segregation in the continuous cast semifinished product on the formation of the stucture of high-carbon-steel wire rod[J].Metallurgist,2008,52(5/6):275-282.
[16]刘秀莲,班君,罗燕,等.高温轴承钢钢球表面缺陷分析[J].失效分析与预防,2015,10(4):258-262.
[17]GENEL K,DEMIRKOL M.Effect of case depth on fatigue performance of AISI 8620 carburized steel[J].International Journal of Fatigue,1999,21(2):207-212.
[18]CHENG W,CHENG H S,MURA T,et al.Micromechanics modeling of crack initiation under contact fatigue[J].Journal of Tribology,1994,116(1):2-8.
[19]POLONSKY I A,KEER L M.Scale effects of elasticplastic behavior of microscopic asperity contacts[J].Journal of Tribology,1996,118(2):335-340.
[20]徐鹤琴,汪久根,王庆九.滚动轴承疲劳寿命的影响因素[J].轴承,2016(5):58-64.
[21]YUAN J,PENG L,HAO G,et al.Behavior of spot segregation in continuously cast blooms and the resulting segregated band in oil pipe steels[J].Steel Research International,2018,89(3):331-340.
[22]桂美文,覃之光.82B高碳钢连铸坯中心偏析及线材质量的改善[J].炼钢,2005,21(3):1-4.
[23]纪元,闵云峰,李鹏善,等.钢中带状组织及其研究现状[J].中国冶金,2016,26(4):1-9.
[24]黄拓,马忠伟,任金朝,等.82B连铸坯V型偏析现象及控制[J].钢铁钒钛,2014,35(6):108-112.
[25]KRAUSS G.Solidification,segregation and banding in carbon and alloy steels[J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B,2003,34(6):781-792.
[26]BESWICK J M.The effect of chromium in high carbon bearing steels[J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A,1987,18(11):1897-1906.
[27]KIM J K,KIM Y H,LEE J S,et al.Effect of chromium content on intergranular corrosion and precipitation of Ti-stabilized ferritic stainless steels[J].Corrosion Science,2010,52(5):1847-1852.
[28]QIAN Y H,MA C H,NIU D,et al.Influence of alloyed chromium on the atmospheric corrosion resistance of weathering steels[J].Corrosion Science,2013,74(9):424-429.
[29]GUO S Q,XU L N,ZHANG L,et al.Corrosion of alloy steels containing 2%chromium in CO2environments[J].Corrosion Science,2012,63(10):246-258.
[30]CHOUDHARY S K,GAUGULY S.Morphology and segregation in continuously cast high carbon steel billets[J].ISIJ International,2007,47(12):1759-1766.
[31]RAIHLE C M,SIVESSON P,TUKIAINEN M,et al.Improving inner quality in continuous cast billets[J].Ironmaking&Steelmaking,1994,21(6):487-495.
[32]王雷,麻晗.凝固组织遗传性及其在缺陷分析中的应用[J].金属热处理,2015,40(6):183-185.
[33]XIE J,ALPAS A T,NORTHWOOD D O.The role of heat treatment on the erosion-corrosion behavior of AI-SI 52100 steel[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2005,393(1):42-50.
[34]姚俊,唐广波,刘正东,等.GCr15轴承钢棒材连轧过程温度场数值模拟[J].特殊钢,2010,31(3):6-9.
[35]ZHANG J G,SUN D S,SHI S H.Microstructure and continuous cooling transformation thermograms of spray formed GCr15 steel[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2002,326(1):20-25.
[36]孙艳坤,吴迪.超快冷终冷温度对轴承钢棒材组织性能影响[J].东北大学学报:自然科学版,2008,29(11):1572-1575.
[37]杨洪波,朱伏先,马宝国,等.终轧温度对GCr15轴承钢网状碳化物析出的影响[J].特殊钢,2010,31(1):55-56.
[38]YIN F,HUA L,MAO H J,et al.Microstructural modeling and simulation for GCr15 steel during elevated temperature deformation[J].Materials&Design,2014,55:560-573.
[39]逯志方,苑希现,王伟,等.高温扩散对轴承钢低倍组织和碳化物不均匀性的影响[J].钢铁研究学报,2017,29(2):144-149.
[40]逯志方,张治广,赵铮铮,等.过热度对轴承钢内部组织的影响[J].工程科学学报,2016,38(S1):45-49.
[41]OH K S,CHANG Y W.Macrosegeregation behavior in continuously cast high carbon steel blooms and billets at the final stage of solidification in combination stirring[J].ISIJ International,1995,35(7):866-875.
[42]宗男夫,张慧,刘洋,等.连铸轴承钢压下技术的研究与应用进展[J].轴承,2018(1):58-63.
[43]鍋島誠司,中戸參,藤井徹也等.連続鍛圧法によるブルーム鋳片の偏析制御機構[J].鉄と鋼,1993,79(4):479-485.
[44]WANG B,ZHANG J M,XIAO C,et al.Analysis of the evolution behavior of voids during the hot rolling process of medium plates[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2015,221:121-127.