车载联合机载点云数据的建筑物立面建模
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摘要
针对建筑物立面几何模型构建的难题,该文提出了一套完整的建筑物立面提取方法。在车载-机载LiDAR点云数据精确配准的基础上,首先提取出机载建筑物的外轮廓线,通过设置轮廓线缓冲区实现立面点云分割,然后采用随机抽样一致性(RANSAC)平面探测算法探测建筑物主立面,最后结合立面语义规则及面片之间的拓扑关系构建建筑物立面的三维线框模型。实验结果表明,新方法能准确、有效地构建建筑物立面模型。
Aiming at the problem of building elevation geometric model,a complete set of building elevation extraction method was proposed in this paper.First,on the basis of the accurate registration of airborne and vehicle-borne LiDAR data,overall outline of airborne building was extracted.Through setting outline buffer area,facade point cloud segmentation was realized.Then the random sample consensus(RANSAC)plane detection algorithm was used to detect main facade of the building.Finally,the three-dimensional wire-frame model of the facade of the building could be established according to the facade semantic rules and the topological relationship between patches.The result of this experiment showed that the new method could accurately and effectively establish the facade model of the building.
Aiming at the problem of building elevation geometric model,a complete set of building elevation extraction method was proposed in this paper.First,on the basis of the accurate registration of airborne and vehicle-borne LiDAR data,overall outline of airborne building was extracted.Through setting outline buffer area,facade point cloud segmentation was realized.Then the random sample consensus(RANSAC)plane detection algorithm was used to detect main facade of the building.Finally,the three-dimensional wire-frame model of the facade of the building could be established according to the facade semantic rules and the topological relationship between patches.The result of this experiment showed that the new method could accurately and effectively establish the facade model of the building.
引文
[1]王俊,朱利.基于图像匹配-点云融合的建筑物立面三维重建[J].计算机学报,2012,35(10):2072-2079.(WANG Jun,ZHU Li.3Dbuilding facade reconstruction based on image matching-point cloud fusing[J].Chinese Journal of Computers,2012,35(10):2072-2079.)
[2] JARZABEK-RYCHARD M,BORKOWSKI A.3D building reconstruction from ALS data using unambiguous decomposition into elementary structures[J].ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry&Remote Sensing,2016,118:1-12.
[3] ZHU Lingli,LEHTOMKI M,HYYPPJ,et al.Automated 3Dscene reconstruction from open geospatial data sources:airborne laser scanning and a 2Dtopographic database[J].Remote Sensing,2015,7(6):6710-6740.
[4]李永强,刘会云,曹鸿,等.基于空-地多源数据融合的建筑物精细建模研究[J].测绘工程,2015,24(8):1-4,10.(LI Yongqiang,LIU Huiyun,CAO Hong,et al.Research on precise modeling of buildings based on multi-source data fusion of air to ground[J].Engineering of Surveying and Mapping,2015,24(8):1-4,10.)
[5] MANANDHAR D,SHIBASAKI R.Auto-extraction of urban features from vehicle-borne[C/OL]∥ISPRS Commission IV,Symposium 2002:Geospatial Theory,Processing and Applications,2002[2017-04-30].http:∥www.isprs.org/proceedings/xxxiv/part4/pdfpapers/433.pdf.
[6]李必军,方志祥,任娟.从激光扫描数据中进行建筑物特征提取研究[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2003,28(1):65-70.(LI Bijun,FANG Zhixiang,REN Juan.Extraction of building’s feature from laser scanning data[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2003,28(1):65-70.)
[7]杨洋,马一薇,杨靖宇.基于车载激光扫描数据的窗户提取与重建技术[J].海洋测绘,2010,30(3):48-51.(YANG Yang,MA Yiwei,YANG Jingyu.The study on extracting and rebuilding windows from vehicleborne laser scanning data[J].Hydrographic Surveying and Charting,2010,30(3):48-51.)
[8]杨必胜,董震,魏征,等.从车载激光扫描数据中提取复杂建筑物立面的方法[J].测绘学报,2013,42(3):411-417.(YANG Bisheng,DONG Zhen,WEI Zheng,et al.Extracting complex building facades from mobile laser scanning data[J].Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2013,42(3):411-417.)
[9]冯义从.车载LiDAR点云的建筑物立面信息快速自动提取[D].成都:西南交通大学,2014.(FENG Yicong,The quickly automated extraction of building facades information from mobile LiDAR point clouds[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2014.)
[10]李永强,吕海洋,苏蕾,等.车载LiDAR点云中建筑物立面的自动分割[J].测绘科学,2014,39(4):106-109.(LI Yongqiang,LHaiyang,SU Lei,et al.An automatic segmentation method for building facades from vehicle-borne LiDAR point clouds[J].Science of Surveying and Mapping,2014,39(4):106-109.)
[11]龚健雅,崔婷婷,单杰,等.利用车载移动测量数据的建筑物立面建模方法[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2015,40(9):1137-1143.(GONG Jianya,CUI Tingting,SHAN Jie,et al.A survey on facade modeling using LiDAR point clouds and image sequences collected by mobile mapping systems[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2015,40(9):1137-1143.)
[12]LEE J,HAN S,BYUN Y,et al.Extraction and regularization of various building boundaries with complex shapes utilizing distribution characteristics of airborne LIDAR points[J].ETRI Journal,2011,33(4):547-557.
[13]张阳阳,门林杰,李向伟.基于机载LiDAR数据的建筑物轮廓规则化方法[J].测绘工程,2015,24(10):59-61,76.(ZHANG Yangyang,MEN Linjie,LI Xiangwei.Building regularization based on airborne LiDAR point clouds[J].Engineering of Surveying and Mapping,2015,24(10):59-61,76.)
[14]李孟迪,蒋胜平,王红平.基于随机抽样一致性算法的稳健点云平面拟合方法[J].测绘科学,2015,40(1):102-106.(LI Mengdi,JIANG Shengping,WANG Hongping.A RANSAC-based stable plane fitting method of point clouds[J].Science of Surveying and Mapping,2015,40(1):102-106.)
[15]李娜,马一薇,杨洋,等.利用RANSAC算法对建筑物立面进行点云分割[J].测绘科学,2011,36(5):144-145,138.(LI Na,MA Yiwei,YANG Yang,et al.Segmentation of building facade point clouds using RANSAC[J].Science of Surveying and Mapping,2011,36(5):144-145,138.)
[16]张志超.融合机载与地面LiDAR数据的建筑物三维重建研究[D].武汉:武汉大学,2010.(ZHANG Zhichao.Airborne and terrestrial LiDAR data fusion for 3D building reconstruction[D].Wuhan:Wuhan University,2010.)
[17]杨洋.基于车载LiDAR数据的建筑物立面重建技术研究[D].郑州:解放军信息工程大学,2010.(YANG Yang.Research on reconstruction of building facade based on vehicle-borne LiDAR data[D].Zhengzhou:The PLA Information Engineering University,2010.)
[18]PU S,VOSSELMAN G.Knowledge based reconstruction of building models from terrestrial laser scanning data[J].ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry&Remote Sensing,2009,64(6):575-584.
[19]陈焱民.基于机载与车载LiDAR数据的建筑物模型多视三维重建研究[D].南京:南京大学,2015.(CHEN Yanmin.Multi-view reconstruction of 3D building models based on airborne and mobile LiDAR data[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University,2015.)
[20]DOUGLAS D H,POIKER T K.Algorithms for the reduction of the number of points required to represent a digitized line or its caricature[J].Cartographica:the International Journal for Geographic Information&Geovisualization,1973,10(2):112-122.
[2] JARZABEK-RYCHARD M,BORKOWSKI A.3D building reconstruction from ALS data using unambiguous decomposition into elementary structures[J].ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry&Remote Sensing,2016,118:1-12.
[3] ZHU Lingli,LEHTOMKI M,HYYPPJ,et al.Automated 3Dscene reconstruction from open geospatial data sources:airborne laser scanning and a 2Dtopographic database[J].Remote Sensing,2015,7(6):6710-6740.
[4]李永强,刘会云,曹鸿,等.基于空-地多源数据融合的建筑物精细建模研究[J].测绘工程,2015,24(8):1-4,10.(LI Yongqiang,LIU Huiyun,CAO Hong,et al.Research on precise modeling of buildings based on multi-source data fusion of air to ground[J].Engineering of Surveying and Mapping,2015,24(8):1-4,10.)
[5] MANANDHAR D,SHIBASAKI R.Auto-extraction of urban features from vehicle-borne[C/OL]∥ISPRS Commission IV,Symposium 2002:Geospatial Theory,Processing and Applications,2002[2017-04-30].http:∥www.isprs.org/proceedings/xxxiv/part4/pdfpapers/433.pdf.
[6]李必军,方志祥,任娟.从激光扫描数据中进行建筑物特征提取研究[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2003,28(1):65-70.(LI Bijun,FANG Zhixiang,REN Juan.Extraction of building’s feature from laser scanning data[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2003,28(1):65-70.)
[7]杨洋,马一薇,杨靖宇.基于车载激光扫描数据的窗户提取与重建技术[J].海洋测绘,2010,30(3):48-51.(YANG Yang,MA Yiwei,YANG Jingyu.The study on extracting and rebuilding windows from vehicleborne laser scanning data[J].Hydrographic Surveying and Charting,2010,30(3):48-51.)
[8]杨必胜,董震,魏征,等.从车载激光扫描数据中提取复杂建筑物立面的方法[J].测绘学报,2013,42(3):411-417.(YANG Bisheng,DONG Zhen,WEI Zheng,et al.Extracting complex building facades from mobile laser scanning data[J].Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2013,42(3):411-417.)
[9]冯义从.车载LiDAR点云的建筑物立面信息快速自动提取[D].成都:西南交通大学,2014.(FENG Yicong,The quickly automated extraction of building facades information from mobile LiDAR point clouds[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2014.)
[10]李永强,吕海洋,苏蕾,等.车载LiDAR点云中建筑物立面的自动分割[J].测绘科学,2014,39(4):106-109.(LI Yongqiang,LHaiyang,SU Lei,et al.An automatic segmentation method for building facades from vehicle-borne LiDAR point clouds[J].Science of Surveying and Mapping,2014,39(4):106-109.)
[11]龚健雅,崔婷婷,单杰,等.利用车载移动测量数据的建筑物立面建模方法[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2015,40(9):1137-1143.(GONG Jianya,CUI Tingting,SHAN Jie,et al.A survey on facade modeling using LiDAR point clouds and image sequences collected by mobile mapping systems[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2015,40(9):1137-1143.)
[12]LEE J,HAN S,BYUN Y,et al.Extraction and regularization of various building boundaries with complex shapes utilizing distribution characteristics of airborne LIDAR points[J].ETRI Journal,2011,33(4):547-557.
[13]张阳阳,门林杰,李向伟.基于机载LiDAR数据的建筑物轮廓规则化方法[J].测绘工程,2015,24(10):59-61,76.(ZHANG Yangyang,MEN Linjie,LI Xiangwei.Building regularization based on airborne LiDAR point clouds[J].Engineering of Surveying and Mapping,2015,24(10):59-61,76.)
[14]李孟迪,蒋胜平,王红平.基于随机抽样一致性算法的稳健点云平面拟合方法[J].测绘科学,2015,40(1):102-106.(LI Mengdi,JIANG Shengping,WANG Hongping.A RANSAC-based stable plane fitting method of point clouds[J].Science of Surveying and Mapping,2015,40(1):102-106.)
[15]李娜,马一薇,杨洋,等.利用RANSAC算法对建筑物立面进行点云分割[J].测绘科学,2011,36(5):144-145,138.(LI Na,MA Yiwei,YANG Yang,et al.Segmentation of building facade point clouds using RANSAC[J].Science of Surveying and Mapping,2011,36(5):144-145,138.)
[16]张志超.融合机载与地面LiDAR数据的建筑物三维重建研究[D].武汉:武汉大学,2010.(ZHANG Zhichao.Airborne and terrestrial LiDAR data fusion for 3D building reconstruction[D].Wuhan:Wuhan University,2010.)
[17]杨洋.基于车载LiDAR数据的建筑物立面重建技术研究[D].郑州:解放军信息工程大学,2010.(YANG Yang.Research on reconstruction of building facade based on vehicle-borne LiDAR data[D].Zhengzhou:The PLA Information Engineering University,2010.)
[18]PU S,VOSSELMAN G.Knowledge based reconstruction of building models from terrestrial laser scanning data[J].ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry&Remote Sensing,2009,64(6):575-584.
[19]陈焱民.基于机载与车载LiDAR数据的建筑物模型多视三维重建研究[D].南京:南京大学,2015.(CHEN Yanmin.Multi-view reconstruction of 3D building models based on airborne and mobile LiDAR data[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University,2015.)
[20]DOUGLAS D H,POIKER T K.Algorithms for the reduction of the number of points required to represent a digitized line or its caricature[J].Cartographica:the International Journal for Geographic Information&Geovisualization,1973,10(2):112-122.