瓷绝缘子表面粘附颗粒的粒径分布特性及其影响因素研究
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摘要
绝缘子表面差异性的粒径分布对沿面泄漏电流以及污闪电压具有重要影响。该文结合计算流体力学和碰撞沉积模型,对颗粒的粘附过程展开仿真研究,同时还分析了不同因素对粘附颗粒粒径的影响。结果显示,在典型气象条件下,瓷绝缘子表面的污秽颗粒的粒径分布存在统计特性,主要分布于5～50μm。此外,相对湿度和空气风速对粘附颗粒的粒径分布具有显著影响,而气动外形、电场类型和电场强度的影响相对较弱。本文研究可为后续开展更准确的绝缘子积污人工模拟试验及颗粒粒径对污闪的影响等研究提供支撑。
Particle diameter distribution on insulator surface has important influence on the surface leakage current and pollution flashover voltage. The adhesion process of particle was simulated based on computational fluid dynamics and collision model, and the influences of different factors were studied. The results show that under typical meteorological conditions, the diameter distribution of adhered particles on the porcelain insulator surface has a statistic characteristics, which is mainly distributed in 5～50 μm. In addition, relative humidity and wind speed have a significant effect on diameter distribution. The effects of aerodynamic type, electric field type and electric field strength are relatively weak. This work can provide powerful support for further research work on contamination simulation experiment and influence of particle diameter on pollution flashover.
Particle diameter distribution on insulator surface has important influence on the surface leakage current and pollution flashover voltage. The adhesion process of particle was simulated based on computational fluid dynamics and collision model, and the influences of different factors were studied. The results show that under typical meteorological conditions, the diameter distribution of adhered particles on the porcelain insulator surface has a statistic characteristics, which is mainly distributed in 5～50 μm. In addition, relative humidity and wind speed have a significant effect on diameter distribution. The effects of aerodynamic type, electric field type and electric field strength are relatively weak. This work can provide powerful support for further research work on contamination simulation experiment and influence of particle diameter on pollution flashover.
引文
[1]李恒真,刘刚,李立浧.广州地区线路盘式防污型玻璃绝缘子的自然积污规律[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(25):118-124.Li Hengzhen,Liu Gang,Li Licheng.Natural contamination deposit law of line disc anticontamination glass insulator in Guangzhou area[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(25):118-124.
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[8]南敬,徐涛,万小东,等.人工模拟自然横风条件下绝缘子快速积污特性[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(11):3323-3330.Nan Jing,Xu Tao,Wan Xiaodong,et al.Fast contamination depositing characteristics of insulators under artificial horizontal wind field conditions[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(11):3323-3330.
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[10]Zhang Zhijin,Zhang Wei,You Jinwei,et al.Influence factors in contamination process of XP-160 insulators based on computational fluid mechanics[J].IETGeneration Transmission&Distribution,2016,10(16):4140-4148.
[11]邓鹤鸣,何正浩,马军,等.沙尘天气下大沙粒对放电发展的影响[J].高电压技术,2010,36(5):1246-1252.Deng Heming,He Zhenghao,Ma Jun,et al.Effect of large sand dust particles on discharge development in sand dust weather[J].High Voltage Engineering,2010,36(5):1246-1252.
[12]徐森,仵超,李少华,等.雾霾期间绝缘子的积污特性研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(7):2142-2150.Xu Sen,Wu Chao,Li Shaohua,et al.Research on pollution accumulation characteristics of insulators during fog-haze days[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(7):2142-2150.
[13]宿志一,刘燕生.我国北方内陆地区线路与变电站用绝缘子的直、交流自然积污试验结果的比较[J].电网技术,2004,28(10):13-17.Su Zhiyi,Liu Yansheng.Comparison of natural contaminants accumulated on surface of suspension and post insulators with DC and AC stress in northern China’s inland areas[J].Power System Technology,2004,28(10):13-17.
[14]屠幼萍,孙佑飞,彭庆军,等.雾霾环境下自然积污绝缘子的污秽颗粒粒径分布特性[J].高电压技术,2014,40(11):3318-3326.Tu Youping,Sun Youfei,Peng Qingjun,et al.Particle size distribution characteristics of naturally polluted insulators under the fog-haze environment[J].High Voltage Engineering,2014,40(11):3318-3326.
[15]O'Neill M E.A sphere in contact with a plane wall in a slow linear shear flow[J].Chemical Engineering Science,1968,23(11):1293-1298.
[16]Asay D B,Kim S H.Evolution of the adsorbed water layer structure on silicon oxide at room temperature[J].Journal of Physical Chemistry B,2005,109(35):16760-16763.
[17]Asay D B,Kim S H.Effects of adsorbed water layer structure on adhesion force of silicon oxide nanoasperity contact in humid ambient[J].Journal of Chemical Physics,2006,124(17):174712.
[18]Xiao Xudong,Qian Linmao.Investigation of humidity-dependent capillary force[J].Langmuir,2000,16(21):8153-8158.
[19]You Siming,Man P W.Mathematical models for the van der Waals force and capillary force between a rough particle and surface[J].Langmuir,2013,29(29):9104-9117.
[20]张友鹏,赵珊鹏,陈志东,等.悬浮沙粒对棒形绝缘子电位和电场分布的影响[J].高电压技术,2014,40(9):2706-2713.Zhang Youpeng,Zhao Shanpeng,Chen Zhidong,et al.Influence of suspended sand particles on potential and electric field distribution along long rod insulator[J].High Voltage Engineering,2014,40(9):2706-2713.
[21]Li Hengzhen,Liu Gang,Li Licheng.Study on the natural contamination chemical composition of line insulator in Guangzhou area[C]//2013 IEEE Conference Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena,Shenzhen,2014:323-326.
[22]孙保强,王黎明,关志成,等.电压种类及极性对绝缘子积污的影响[J].高电压技术,2013,39(12):3101-3108.Sun Baoqiang,Wang Liming,Guan Zhicheng,et al.Influence of voltage types and polarity on contamination of insulators[J].High Voltage Engineering,2013,39(12):3101-3108.
[2]李清,胡文,李黎,等.绝缘子自然积污饱和趋势及气象因素影响分析[J].高电压技术,2014,40(11):3336-3342.Li Qing,Hu Wen,Li Li,et al.Analysis of natural contamination saturation tendency of insulators and influence of meteorological factors[J].High Voltage Engineering,2014,40(11):3336-3342.
[3]王晶,陈林华,刘宇,等.电场对复合绝缘子积污特性影响的探究[J].高电压技术,2011,37(3):585-593.Wang Jing,Chen Linhua,Liu Yu,et al.Effect of the electric field on the contamination accumulation characteristic of the insulators[J].High Voltage Engineering,2011,37(3):585-593.
[4]Horenstein M N,Melcher J R.Particle contamination of high voltage DC insulators below corona threshold[J].IEEE Transactions on Electrical Insulation,1978,EI-14(6):297-305.
[5]李恒真,赖江宇,雷乾,等.污秽颗粒在绝缘表面的碰撞和吸附[J].高电压技术,2012,38(10):2596-2603.Li Hengzhen,Lai Jiangyu,Lei Qian,et al.Collision and adsorption of pollution particles on the surface of electrical insulator[J].High Voltage Engineering,2012,38(10):2596-2603.
[6]律方成,刘宏宇,汪佛池,等.高速气流条件下污秽颗粒在复合绝缘子表面的沉积判据[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(1):206-213.LüFangcheng,Liu Hongyu,Wang Fochi,et al.Deposit criterion of pollution particles on composite insulators surface under high speed aerosol[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(1):206-213.
[7]蒋兴良,李海波.计算流体力学在绝缘子积污特性分析中的应用[J].高电压技术,2010,36(2):329-334.Jiang Xingliang,Li Haibo.Application of computational fluid dynamics to analysis of contamination depositing characteristics of insulators[J].High Voltage Engineering,2010,36(2):329-334.
[8]南敬,徐涛,万小东,等.人工模拟自然横风条件下绝缘子快速积污特性[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(11):3323-3330.Nan Jing,Xu Tao,Wan Xiaodong,et al.Fast contamination depositing characteristics of insulators under artificial horizontal wind field conditions[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(11):3323-3330.
[9]王黎明,刘霆,梅红伟,等.基于计算流体力学的支柱绝缘子积污特性研究[J].高电压技术,2015,41(8):2741-2749.Wang Liming,Liu Ting,Mei Hongwei,et al.Research on contamination deposition characteristics of post insulator based on computational fluid dynamics[J].High Voltage Engineering,2015,41(8):2741-2749.
[10]Zhang Zhijin,Zhang Wei,You Jinwei,et al.Influence factors in contamination process of XP-160 insulators based on computational fluid mechanics[J].IETGeneration Transmission&Distribution,2016,10(16):4140-4148.
[11]邓鹤鸣,何正浩,马军,等.沙尘天气下大沙粒对放电发展的影响[J].高电压技术,2010,36(5):1246-1252.Deng Heming,He Zhenghao,Ma Jun,et al.Effect of large sand dust particles on discharge development in sand dust weather[J].High Voltage Engineering,2010,36(5):1246-1252.
[12]徐森,仵超,李少华,等.雾霾期间绝缘子的积污特性研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(7):2142-2150.Xu Sen,Wu Chao,Li Shaohua,et al.Research on pollution accumulation characteristics of insulators during fog-haze days[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(7):2142-2150.
[13]宿志一,刘燕生.我国北方内陆地区线路与变电站用绝缘子的直、交流自然积污试验结果的比较[J].电网技术,2004,28(10):13-17.Su Zhiyi,Liu Yansheng.Comparison of natural contaminants accumulated on surface of suspension and post insulators with DC and AC stress in northern China’s inland areas[J].Power System Technology,2004,28(10):13-17.
[14]屠幼萍,孙佑飞,彭庆军,等.雾霾环境下自然积污绝缘子的污秽颗粒粒径分布特性[J].高电压技术,2014,40(11):3318-3326.Tu Youping,Sun Youfei,Peng Qingjun,et al.Particle size distribution characteristics of naturally polluted insulators under the fog-haze environment[J].High Voltage Engineering,2014,40(11):3318-3326.
[15]O'Neill M E.A sphere in contact with a plane wall in a slow linear shear flow[J].Chemical Engineering Science,1968,23(11):1293-1298.
[16]Asay D B,Kim S H.Evolution of the adsorbed water layer structure on silicon oxide at room temperature[J].Journal of Physical Chemistry B,2005,109(35):16760-16763.
[17]Asay D B,Kim S H.Effects of adsorbed water layer structure on adhesion force of silicon oxide nanoasperity contact in humid ambient[J].Journal of Chemical Physics,2006,124(17):174712.
[18]Xiao Xudong,Qian Linmao.Investigation of humidity-dependent capillary force[J].Langmuir,2000,16(21):8153-8158.
[19]You Siming,Man P W.Mathematical models for the van der Waals force and capillary force between a rough particle and surface[J].Langmuir,2013,29(29):9104-9117.
[20]张友鹏,赵珊鹏,陈志东,等.悬浮沙粒对棒形绝缘子电位和电场分布的影响[J].高电压技术,2014,40(9):2706-2713.Zhang Youpeng,Zhao Shanpeng,Chen Zhidong,et al.Influence of suspended sand particles on potential and electric field distribution along long rod insulator[J].High Voltage Engineering,2014,40(9):2706-2713.
[21]Li Hengzhen,Liu Gang,Li Licheng.Study on the natural contamination chemical composition of line insulator in Guangzhou area[C]//2013 IEEE Conference Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena,Shenzhen,2014:323-326.
[22]孙保强,王黎明,关志成,等.电压种类及极性对绝缘子积污的影响[J].高电压技术,2013,39(12):3101-3108.Sun Baoqiang,Wang Liming,Guan Zhicheng,et al.Influence of voltage types and polarity on contamination of insulators[J].High Voltage Engineering,2013,39(12):3101-3108.