有限厚度拓扑绝缘体平板附近原子的自发辐射特性
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摘要
对有限厚度拓扑绝缘体(TI)平板附近及其腔内二能级原子的自发辐射特性进行了研究。利用并矢格林函数表示偶极子平行和垂直于材料边界时的自发辐射率表达式,通过多次反射理论计算了平板的反射矩阵,对影响自发辐射率的各种因素进行了数值计算与分析。研究结果表明,忽略耗散时,平行偶极子的自发辐射率被抑制,而垂直偶极子的被增强;当板或腔存在耗散时,TI可以有效抑制原子的自发辐射率,使其附近原子在任何偶极方向的衰减均受到抑制。
The spontaneous emission properties of the two-level atoms placed near a topological insulator(TI)slab with a finite thickness or inside its cavity are investigated.The spontaneous emission rates of the dipole parallel or perpendicular to the material boundary are expressed via the dyadic Green function.The reflection matrix of this slab is calculated based on the multiple reflection theory,and the various factors which influence the spontaneous emission rate are numerically calculated and analyzed.The research results show that,when the dissipation is ignored,the spontaneous emission rate of the parallel dipole is suppressed,however,that of the perpendicular dipole is enhanced.When the dissipation of the slab or its cavity is included,the TI can effectively suppress the spontaneous emission rate of the atoms and make all of the decays of atoms near it along any diploe directions suppressed.
The spontaneous emission properties of the two-level atoms placed near a topological insulator(TI)slab with a finite thickness or inside its cavity are investigated.The spontaneous emission rates of the dipole parallel or perpendicular to the material boundary are expressed via the dyadic Green function.The reflection matrix of this slab is calculated based on the multiple reflection theory,and the various factors which influence the spontaneous emission rate are numerically calculated and analyzed.The research results show that,when the dissipation is ignored,the spontaneous emission rate of the parallel dipole is suppressed,however,that of the perpendicular dipole is enhanced.When the dissipation of the slab or its cavity is included,the TI can effectively suppress the spontaneous emission rate of the atoms and make all of the decays of atoms near it along any diploe directions suppressed.
引文
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[2]Kane C L,Mele E J.Quantum spin Hall effect in graphene[J].Physical Review Letters,2005,95(22):226801.
[3]Bernevig B A,Hughes T L,Zhang S C.Quantum spin Hall effect and topological phase transition in HgTe quantum wells[J].Science,2006,314(5806):1757-1761.
[4]K9nig M,Wiedmann S,Brüne C,et al.Quantum spin Hall insulator state in HgTe quantum wells[J].Science,2007,318(5851):766-770.
[5]Fu L,Kane C L,Mele E J.Topological insulators in three dimensions[J].Physical Review Letters,2007,98(10):106803.
[6]Zhang H J,Liu C X,Qi X L,et al.Topological insulators in Bi2Se3,Bi2Te3and Sb2Te3 with a single Dirac cone on the surface[J].Nature Physics,2009,5(6):438-442.
[7]Liu C X,Qi X L,Zhang H J,et al.Model Hamiltonian for topological insulators[J].Physical Review B,2010,82(4):045122.
[8]Bernevig B A,Zhang S C.Quantum spin Hall effect[J].Physical Review Letters,2006,96(10):106802.
[9]Qi X L,Li R,Zang J,et al.Inducing a magnetic monopole with topological surface states[J].Science,2009,323(5918):1184-1187.
[10]Chang M C,Yang M F.Optical signature of topological insulators[J].Physical Review B,2009,80(11):113304.
[11]Grushin A G,Cortijo A.Tunable Casimir repulsion with three-dimensional topological insulators[J].Physical Review Letters,2011,106(2):020403.
[12]Zeng R,Chen L,Nie W,et al.Enhancing Casimir repulsion via topological insulator multilayers[J].Physics Letters A,2016,380(36):2861-2869.
[13]Shoman T,Takayama A,Sato T,et al.Topological proximity effect in a topological insulator hybrid[J].Nature Communications,2015,6:6547.
[14]Cong H L,Ren X Z.Exact solution for quantum properties of the binomial states field interacting with theΛ-type atom[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2017,37(2):0227001.丛红璐,任学藻.精确求解与Λ型原子作用二项式光场的量子特性[J].光学学报,2017,37(2):0227001.
[15]Li B,Sa C,Guo C L.Quantum properties in a system of two two-level atoms interacting with Pólya state light field[J].Laser&Optoelectronics Progress,2016,53(3):032702.李斌,萨楚尔夫,郭彩丽.两个二能级原子与Pólya态光场相互作用系统的量子特性[J].激光与光电子学进展,2016,53(3):032702.
[16]Lu D M.Solution of master equation of density matrix in interaction system of atom with thermal reservoir[J].Laser&Optoelectronics Progress,2016,53(9):092701.卢道明.原子与库场相互作用系统中密度矩阵主方程的解[J].激光与光电子学进展,2016,53(9):092701.
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[19]Hulet R G,Hilfer E S,Kleppner D.Inhibited spontaneous emission by a Rydberg atom[J].Physical Review Letters,1985,55(20):2137-2140.
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[21]Zhu S Y,Yang Y,Chen H,et al.Spontaneous radiation and Lamb shift in three-dimensional photonic crystals[J].Physical Review Letters,2000,84(10):2136-2139.
[22]Xie S Y,Hu X.Entanglement between a two-level atom and spontaneous emission field in anisotropic photonic crystal[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2010,59(9):6172-6177.谢双媛,胡翔.各向异性光子晶体中二能级原子和自发辐射场间的纠缠[J].物理学报,2010,59(9):6172-6177.
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[24]Xu J P,Yang Y P,Lin Q,et al.Spontaneous decay of a two-level atom near the left-handed slab[J].Physical Review A,2009,79(4):043812.
[25]Ferrari L,Lu D,Lepage D,et al.Enhanced spontaneous emission inside hyperbolic metamaterials[J].Optics Express,2014,22(4):4301-4306.
[26]Yao B,Liu Y,Long H,et al.Spontaneous emission properties of emitters in dielectric-loaded surface plasmon polariton waveguide[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2015,35(8):0824001.姚波,刘晔,龙虎,等.介质加载型表面等离子体波导中发光粒子的自发辐射特性[J].光学学报,2015,35(8):0824001.
[27]Song G,Xu J P,Yang Y P.Spontaneous emission of a two-level system near the interface of topological insulators[J].Europhysics Letters,2014,105(6):64001.
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[30]Toma2 M S.Green function for multilayers:Light scattering in planar cavities[J].Physical Review A,1995,51(3):2545-2559.