温度对炭黑填充橡胶复合材料力学性能影响的实验研究
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摘要
采用岛津万能试验机对天然与丁苯共混橡胶(NSBR)试件进行不同温度下多步松弛循环加卸载实验和单向拉伸加卸载循环实验,对比两者的宏观力学响应,并研究温度对炭黑填充复合材料力学性能的影响.结果表明:(1)随着温度的升高,未填充橡胶逐渐变"硬",而炭黑填充橡胶是"先变软后变硬".(2)随着温度的升高,橡胶的迟滞损耗呈线性减小.(3)比较单向拉伸和应力松弛平衡点的应力应变曲线,填充橡胶"先变软后变硬"的温度转折点不同,这是由于应力松弛过程基本消除了粘弹性效应.
Based on the multi-step relaxation stretching cyclic loading and unloading test and the cyclic loading and unloading test of the natural/styrene-butadiene rubber blends(NSBR) in room and high temperature, using the automatic control testing machine of AG Japan, the macroscopic mechanical responses of uniaxial tensile loading and unloading are compared, and the effect of temperature on the mechanical properties of the filled rubber are studied. The results show that:(1) With the increase of temperature,the unfilled rubber becomes more and more "hard", while the carbon black filled rubber becomes "soft" first and then "hard".(2)With the increase of temperature, the hysteresis loss of rubber decreases almost linearly.(3) According to the stress-strain relationship at the point of equilibrium between uniaxial stretch and stress relaxation, the turning temperature for the filled rubber from softening to hardening is different, just because of the stress relaxation press which eliminates the effect of viscoelasticity.
Based on the multi-step relaxation stretching cyclic loading and unloading test and the cyclic loading and unloading test of the natural/styrene-butadiene rubber blends(NSBR) in room and high temperature, using the automatic control testing machine of AG Japan, the macroscopic mechanical responses of uniaxial tensile loading and unloading are compared, and the effect of temperature on the mechanical properties of the filled rubber are studied. The results show that:(1) With the increase of temperature,the unfilled rubber becomes more and more "hard", while the carbon black filled rubber becomes "soft" first and then "hard".(2)With the increase of temperature, the hysteresis loss of rubber decreases almost linearly.(3) According to the stress-strain relationship at the point of equilibrium between uniaxial stretch and stress relaxation, the turning temperature for the filled rubber from softening to hardening is different, just because of the stress relaxation press which eliminates the effect of viscoelasticity.
引文
[1]BLANCHARD A F,PARKINSON D.Breakage of carbon-rubber networks by applied stress[J].Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research,1952,44:799-812.
[2]HOUWINK R.Slipping of molecules during the deformation of reinforced rubber[J].Rubber Chemistry and Technology,1956,29:888-893.
[3]DORFMANN A.Stress softening of elastomers in hydrostatic tension[J].Acta Mechanical,2003,165:117-37.
[4]李庆,杨晓翔.N330炭黑增强天然橡胶材料力学性能的实验研究[J].实验力学,2014,29(1):42-50.
[5]王鹭,付宾,杨晓翔.炭黑增强天然橡胶Mullins效应的影响因素研究[J].机电工程,2016,33(1):37-42.
[6]LION A.On the large deformation behaviour of reinforced rubber at different temperatures[J].Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids,1997,45(11-12):1805-1834.
[7]董毅.轮胎胶料在较大变形范围内准静态力学性能温度相关性的测试与表征[D].合肥:中国科学技术大学,2006.
[8]李旭.轮胎胶料在较大变形范围内超弹性性能与填充和共混的相关性研究--测试、表征及细观分析[D].合肥:中国科学技术大学,2012.
[9]BLANCHARD A F,PARKINSON D.Structures in rubber reinforced by carbon black[C]//Second Rubber Technology Conference,London,Great Britain,1948.
[10]GB/T 941-2006/ISO23529:2004.橡胶物理试验方法试样制备和调节通用程序[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2006.
[11]TRELOAR L R G.The physics of rubber elasticity[M].3rd edition.Oxford:Oxford University Press,1975.
[12]YANG L M,SHIM V P W,LIM C T.A visco-hyperelastic approach to modelling the constitutive behaviour of rubber[J].International Journal of Impact Engineering,2000,24:545-560.
[13]SPONTAK R J,ROBERGE R L,VRATSANOS M S,et al.Model acrylate-terminated urethane blends in toughened epoxies:a morphology and stress relaxation study[J].Polymer,2000,41:6341-6349.
[14]李庆.基于非线性有限元分析的炭黑填充橡胶复合材料宏细观力学行为研究[D].福州:福州大学,2013.
[15]RODAS C O,ZA?RI F,NA?T-ABDELAZIZ M,et al.Temperature and filler effects on the relaxed response of filled rubbers:experimental observations on a carbon-filled SBR and constitutive modeling[J].International Journal of Solids and Structures,2015,58:309-321.
[2]HOUWINK R.Slipping of molecules during the deformation of reinforced rubber[J].Rubber Chemistry and Technology,1956,29:888-893.
[3]DORFMANN A.Stress softening of elastomers in hydrostatic tension[J].Acta Mechanical,2003,165:117-37.
[4]李庆,杨晓翔.N330炭黑增强天然橡胶材料力学性能的实验研究[J].实验力学,2014,29(1):42-50.
[5]王鹭,付宾,杨晓翔.炭黑增强天然橡胶Mullins效应的影响因素研究[J].机电工程,2016,33(1):37-42.
[6]LION A.On the large deformation behaviour of reinforced rubber at different temperatures[J].Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids,1997,45(11-12):1805-1834.
[7]董毅.轮胎胶料在较大变形范围内准静态力学性能温度相关性的测试与表征[D].合肥:中国科学技术大学,2006.
[8]李旭.轮胎胶料在较大变形范围内超弹性性能与填充和共混的相关性研究--测试、表征及细观分析[D].合肥:中国科学技术大学,2012.
[9]BLANCHARD A F,PARKINSON D.Structures in rubber reinforced by carbon black[C]//Second Rubber Technology Conference,London,Great Britain,1948.
[10]GB/T 941-2006/ISO23529:2004.橡胶物理试验方法试样制备和调节通用程序[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2006.
[11]TRELOAR L R G.The physics of rubber elasticity[M].3rd edition.Oxford:Oxford University Press,1975.
[12]YANG L M,SHIM V P W,LIM C T.A visco-hyperelastic approach to modelling the constitutive behaviour of rubber[J].International Journal of Impact Engineering,2000,24:545-560.
[13]SPONTAK R J,ROBERGE R L,VRATSANOS M S,et al.Model acrylate-terminated urethane blends in toughened epoxies:a morphology and stress relaxation study[J].Polymer,2000,41:6341-6349.
[14]李庆.基于非线性有限元分析的炭黑填充橡胶复合材料宏细观力学行为研究[D].福州:福州大学,2013.
[15]RODAS C O,ZA?RI F,NA?T-ABDELAZIZ M,et al.Temperature and filler effects on the relaxed response of filled rubbers:experimental observations on a carbon-filled SBR and constitutive modeling[J].International Journal of Solids and Structures,2015,58:309-321.