乡村产业与空间的适应性营建策略研究——以遂昌县上下坪村为例
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摘要
在当前转型期,大量乡村空间形态由传统型向现代型过渡,新旧风貌的不协调使乡村陷入产业发展与空间保护的对立困境。因此文章聚焦转型期乡村产业与空间的关系,通过回溯村落旅游产业与空间关系从相互依存到不可持续趋势的观念转变,获取产业与空间的关系认知及借鉴启发,结合村落自身适应性及规划设计干预的必要性,提出生态、经济、机制、文化维度的可持续乡村目标框架,建构"适应性更新"理念,梳理产业与空间的关系。并以典型过渡型乡村遂昌上下坪村为例,提出产业联动、季节性景观、主客共享节点等针对过程、时节、主体的精准适应性空间营建策略。
In the current transition period, the spatial form of many villages is changing from traditional style to modern. These discordant styles are making the villages confront the contradictory styles of industrial development and spatial conservation. Therefore, we focus on the relationship between the rural industry and space during the transformation period. To understand the relationship between industry and space and get inspiration, we use a literature review to highlight the changing opinions on the relationship between tourism and space, tracing the shift from supporting system to unsustainable situation. Combining rural self-adaptability and the necessity for planning and intervention, we put forward a sustainable rural objective and framework that has ecological, economic, political, and cultural dimensions and build the methodology of adaptive renewal. Finally, taking Shangping and Xiaping villages as examples and performing a case study, we raise specific adaptive construction strategies in the scales of process, temporal logic, and subjectivity: i.e. industrial linkage structure, seasonal landscape, and sharing nodes.
In the current transition period, the spatial form of many villages is changing from traditional style to modern. These discordant styles are making the villages confront the contradictory styles of industrial development and spatial conservation. Therefore, we focus on the relationship between the rural industry and space during the transformation period. To understand the relationship between industry and space and get inspiration, we use a literature review to highlight the changing opinions on the relationship between tourism and space, tracing the shift from supporting system to unsustainable situation. Combining rural self-adaptability and the necessity for planning and intervention, we put forward a sustainable rural objective and framework that has ecological, economic, political, and cultural dimensions and build the methodology of adaptive renewal. Finally, taking Shangping and Xiaping villages as examples and performing a case study, we raise specific adaptive construction strategies in the scales of process, temporal logic, and subjectivity: i.e. industrial linkage structure, seasonal landscape, and sharing nodes.
引文
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[3]阮仪三,黄海晨,程俐聰.江南水乡古镇保护与规划(摘登)[J]建筑学报,1996(9):22-25.
[4]王晓阳,赵之枫.传统乡土聚落的旅游转型[J].建筑学报2001(9):8-12.
[5]吴必虎.基于乡村旅游的传统村落保护与活化[J].社会科学家2016(2):7-9.
[6]王红扬,吴刚.国内外经验与新农村建设的海南模式[J].城市规划,2009(S1):86-91.
[7]Glass R L.London:aspects of change[M].MacGibbon&Kee,1964.
[8]Parsons D J.Rural Gentrification:The Influence of Rural Settlement Planning Policies[M].Brighton:University of Sussex,1980.
[9]Gotham K F.Tourism from above and below:globalization,localization and New Orleans's Mardi Gras[J].International Journal of Urban and Regional Research,2005,29(2):309-326.
[10]张娟,王茂军.乡村绅士化进程中旅游型村落生活空间重塑特征研究——以北京爨底下村为例[J].人文地理,2017(2):137-144.
[11]郑皓文,朱霞.传统村落保护利用的乡村绅士化发展路径研究[C]//2015中国城市规划年会,2015.
[12]黄印武.回归真实的古镇——云南沙溪古镇的复兴[J].上海艺术评论,2017(4):62-65.
[13]保继刚,苏晓波.历史城镇的旅游商业化研究[J].地理学报,2004(3):427-436.
[14]保继刚,林敏慧.历史村镇的旅游商业化控制研究[J].地理学报,2014(2):268-277.
[15]胡春艳.传统村落“千村一面”如何留住乡愁[N].中国青年,2016-11-24(08).
[16]西村幸夫.再造魅力故乡:日本传统街区重生故事[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2007.
[17]邓晓红,李晓峰.从生态适应性看徽州传统聚落[J].建筑学报,1999(11):9-11.
[18]James P.Urban sustainability in theory and practice:circles of sustainability[M]//Urban Sustainability in Theory and Practice.2014.
[19]王竹,徐丹华,王丹,等.客家围村式村落的动态式有机更新——以广东英德楼仔村为例[J].南方建筑,2017(1):10-15.