新疆乌伦布拉克铜矿流体包裹体特征及含矿岩体年代学
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摘要
乌伦布拉克铜矿位于新疆东准噶尔野马泉-琼河坝铜多金属成矿带中,其矿床成因和成矿时代存在较大争议,从流体包裹体和锆石U-Pb定年等方面做了研究探讨.矿床主要发育富液相包裹体,成矿流体为低温(136.9～224.5℃)、低盐度(1.7%～5.6%NaCl eqv.)、低密度(0.97～1.01g/cm~3)流体,估算的成矿压力为2.76×107～4.49×107 Pa,对应的成矿深度为1.04～1.95km,属于浅成矿床.激光拉曼探针测试结果表明流体液相组分主要为水,气相组分除水蒸气外,还含有一定量CH_4、N_2和H_2.锆石U-Pb测年结果显示含矿石英闪长岩年龄为440.5±3.3Ma,不含矿石英斑岩年龄为419.7±3.3Ma,表明研究区至少经历了2期岩浆活动,成矿作用从早志留世就已开始.矿床由内向外发育典型的"斑岩型"蚀变分带(强硅化带-钾化带-绢英岩化带-青磐岩化带),表明乌伦布拉克铜矿为斑岩型铜矿,形成于志留纪古亚洲洋向南俯冲的岛弧环境.东准噶尔甚至新疆北部地区在志留纪处于岛弧环境,该时期的岩浆岩带是形成和寻找斑岩型铜矿的有利地区.
Wulunbulake copper deposit is located at the north-western segment of the Yemaquan-Qiongheba Cu-polymetallic metallogenic belt,East Junggar,Xinjiang.However,its genetic type and mineralizing age has been debated.This study presents new results on fluid inclusions and zircon U-Pb dating to precisely constrain the type and time of mineralization.The dominant fluid inclusions in Wulunbulake copper deposit are liquid-rich type,with low homogenization temperature(136.9-224.5℃),low salinity(1.7%～5.6% NaCl eqv.)and low density(0.97-1.01 g/cm~3),the mineralizing pressure is 2.76×107-4.49×107 Pa and the corresponding depth is 1.04-1.95 km.The laser Raman spectroscopy results indicate that the oreforming fluids consist of H_2 O,CH_4,N_2,H_2.Zircon U-Pb dating results show that the formation age of ore-bearing quartz diorite and quartz porphyry is 440.5±3.3 Ma,and 419.7±3.3 Ma,respectively,indicating that there had experienced two-stage magmatic activities from Early Silurian.From the interior to the outer part of the deposit,there exist typical alteration zonation characteristics of porphyry deposits(silica alternation-potassic alternation-phyllic alternation-propylitization),and the geochem-ical characteristics of ore-bearing indicate that they were most possibly formed in arc setting.Its genetic type should be typical porphyry copper deposit and related to the southward subduction of the Paleo-Asian oceanic crust in the Early Silurian period.The East Junggar even northern Xinjiang was in the island arc environment in the Silurian,and the magmatic zone is a potential area for formation and prospecting of porphyritic Cu deposit.
Wulunbulake copper deposit is located at the north-western segment of the Yemaquan-Qiongheba Cu-polymetallic metallogenic belt,East Junggar,Xinjiang.However,its genetic type and mineralizing age has been debated.This study presents new results on fluid inclusions and zircon U-Pb dating to precisely constrain the type and time of mineralization.The dominant fluid inclusions in Wulunbulake copper deposit are liquid-rich type,with low homogenization temperature(136.9-224.5℃),low salinity(1.7%～5.6% NaCl eqv.)and low density(0.97-1.01 g/cm~3),the mineralizing pressure is 2.76×107-4.49×107 Pa and the corresponding depth is 1.04-1.95 km.The laser Raman spectroscopy results indicate that the oreforming fluids consist of H_2 O,CH_4,N_2,H_2.Zircon U-Pb dating results show that the formation age of ore-bearing quartz diorite and quartz porphyry is 440.5±3.3 Ma,and 419.7±3.3 Ma,respectively,indicating that there had experienced two-stage magmatic activities from Early Silurian.From the interior to the outer part of the deposit,there exist typical alteration zonation characteristics of porphyry deposits(silica alternation-potassic alternation-phyllic alternation-propylitization),and the geochem-ical characteristics of ore-bearing indicate that they were most possibly formed in arc setting.Its genetic type should be typical porphyry copper deposit and related to the southward subduction of the Paleo-Asian oceanic crust in the Early Silurian period.The East Junggar even northern Xinjiang was in the island arc environment in the Silurian,and the magmatic zone is a potential area for formation and prospecting of porphyritic Cu deposit.
引文
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Liu,X.L.,Li,W.C.,Yin,G.H.,et al.,2013.The Geochronology,Mineralogy and Geochemistry Study of the Pulang Porphyry Copper Deposit in Geza Arc of Yunnan Province.Acta Petrologica Sinica,29(9):3049-3064(in Chinese with English abstract).
Lu,H.Z.,Fan,H.R.,Ni,P.,et al.,2004.Fluid Inclusions.Science Press,Beijing,11-274(in Chinese).
Ohmoto,H.,1986.Stable Isotope Geochemistry of Ore Deposits.Reviews in Mineralogy,16(6):491-559.
Pattrick,R.A.D.,1986.A Practical Guide to Fluid Inclusion Studies.Mineralogical Magazine,50(356):352-353.https://doi.org/10.1180/minmag.1986.050.356.32
Potter,R.W.,1977.Pressure Correction for Fluid Inclusion Homogenization Based on the Volumetre Properties of the System NaCl-H2O.J.Res.vs.Geol.Surv.,5:603-607.
Qu,X.,2011.Mineralization Regularities and Prediction of Targets of Porphyry Copper Deposits in East Junggar,Xinjiang,China(Dissertation).China University of Geosciences,Beijing(in Chinese with English abstract).
Qu,X.,Xu,X.W.,Liang,G.L.,et al.,2009.Geological and Geochemical Characteristics of the Mengxi Cu-Mo Deposit and Its Constraint to Tectonic Setting of the Qiongheba Magmatic Arc in Eastern Junggar,Xinjiang.Acta Petrologica Sinica,25(4):765-776(in Chinese with English abstract).
Shao,J.L.,1988.Prospecting Mineralogy of Gold Deposits.China University of Geosciences Press,Wuhan,38-45(in Chinese).
Shen,P.,Dong,L.H.,Feng,J.,et al.,2010.Distribution,Age and Metallogenic Characteristics of the Porphyry Copper Deposits in Xinjiang,China.Xinjiang Geology,28(4):358-364(in Chinese with English abstract).
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