水分变化模式对黑土氮素转化率的影响
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摘要
以黑龙江省哈尔滨市的黑土为研究对象,采用室内培育实验,研究不同水分变化模式(恒定40%WHC、恒定80%WHC、40%变为80%WHC、80%变为40%WHC)下,黑土中铵态氮、硝态氮含量的变化及矿化率、硝化率、反硝化率的响应规律.结果表明,硝化率与土壤水分呈正相关,80%WHC为硝化作用的最适水分含量;由低到高的水分变化模式刺激硝化作用发生,促进硝态氮积累,矿化量增加.四种水分变化模式下,黑土氮素转化以硝化作用为主,不同水分变化模式对黑土的氮素转化具有显著影响.
An incubation experiment is conducted to investigate the black soil in Harbin city under four different patterns of moisture variation(constant 40% WHC,constant 80% WHC,40% to 80% WHC,80% to40% WHC),the changes of ammonium nitrogen and the response of nitrate nitrogen,mineralization rate,nitrification rate and denitrification rate.The results show that there is a positive correlation between nitrification rate and soil moisture content,and 80% WHC is the optimum soil moisture content for nitrification.The moisture models from low to high are more favorable for nitrification,promoting the accumulation of nitrate nitrogen and increasing mineralization.Under four different moisture variation patterns,black soil in Harbin city is dominated by nitrification,which indicates that different patterns of moisture variation have a significant effect on nitrogen migration and transformation.
An incubation experiment is conducted to investigate the black soil in Harbin city under four different patterns of moisture variation(constant 40% WHC,constant 80% WHC,40% to 80% WHC,80% to40% WHC),the changes of ammonium nitrogen and the response of nitrate nitrogen,mineralization rate,nitrification rate and denitrification rate.The results show that there is a positive correlation between nitrification rate and soil moisture content,and 80% WHC is the optimum soil moisture content for nitrification.The moisture models from low to high are more favorable for nitrification,promoting the accumulation of nitrate nitrogen and increasing mineralization.Under four different moisture variation patterns,black soil in Harbin city is dominated by nitrification,which indicates that different patterns of moisture variation have a significant effect on nitrogen migration and transformation.
引文
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[2]吴汉卿,杜世宇,高娜,等.水氮调控对设施土壤有机氮组分、全氮和矿质氮的影响[J].水土保持学报,2017,31(6):212-219.
[3]张树兰,杨学云,吕殿青,等.几种土壤剖面的硝化作用及其动力学特征[J].土壤学报,2000,37(3):372-379.
[4]范晓晖,朱兆良.我国几种农田土壤硝化势的研究[J].土壤通报,2002(2):124-125.
[5]李辉信,胡锋,刘满强,等.红壤氮素的矿化和硝化作用特征[J].土壤,2000(4):194-197.
[6]陈志刚,刘龙梅,陈蕾,等.水分调控对水稻根际土壤反硝化作用的影响[J].水土保持研究,2015,22(5):133-137.
[7]孙波,郑宪清,胡锋,等.水热条件与土壤性质对农田土壤硝化作用的影响[J].环境科学,2009,30(1):206-213.
[8]AGEHARA S,ARNCKE D D.Soil moisture and temperature effects on nitrogen release from organic nitrogen sources[J].Soil Science Society of America,2005,69:1844-1855.
[9]章骁劼.生物炭、水分和氮源对农田土壤N2O排放和相关微生物的影响[D].杭州:浙江大学,2017.
[10]ZHANG Y S,SCHERER H W.Ammonium fixation by clay minerals in different layers of two paddy soil after flooding[J].Biology and Fertility of Soil,1999,29:152-156.
[11]刘若萱,张丽梅,贺纪正,等.模拟条件下土壤硝化作用及硝化微生物对不同水分梯度的响应[J].土壤学报,2015,52(2):415-422.
[12]王艳杰,邹国元,付桦,等.土壤氮素矿化研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2005(10):203-208.
[13]马芬,马红亮,邱泓,等.水分状况与不同形态氮添加对亚热带森林土壤氮素净转化速率及N2O排放的影响[J].应用生态学报,2015,26(2):379-387.
[14]赵明,蔡葵,孙永红,等.污泥生物质炭的碳、氮矿化特性及其对大棚番茄产量品质的影响[J].中国农学通报,2014,30(1):215-220.
[15]钱琛,蔡祖聪.利用方式对红壤硝化作用的水分效应的影响[J].环境科学,2010,31(10):2417-2422.
[16]ZHOU Z M,TAKAYA N,SAKAIRI M A C,et al.Oxygen requirement for denitrification by the fungus Fusarium oxysporum[J].Archives of Microbiology,2001,175(1):19-25.