藏南邦卓玛地区金多金属矿土壤地球化学特征及找矿前景
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摘要
藏南邦卓玛地区地处特提斯喜马拉雅中东部,位于藏南江孜—隆子金锑多金属成矿带上,该区域成矿潜力巨大,是寻找金锑多金属矿的有利地区。为在邦卓玛地区实现找矿突破,在该区开展了地质找矿工作,以1∶10 000土壤地球化学测量数据为基础,采用元素变异系数、Cv1和Cv1/Cv2变异系数解释图与分形理论相结合的方法,对Au、Pb、W、Sb、Cu、Zn、Mo、Ba、Sn 9种元素进行了分析,揭示了各元素在空间上的富集分布规律及其成矿潜力。在此基础上,结合区内成矿地质条件和元素异常特征对该区进行了成矿预测。研究表明:①Cu、Zn、Mo、Ba、Sn成矿潜力较小,Au、Pb、W、Sb成矿潜力较大,运用分形理论得出了各元素的异常下限,其中Au为7.24×10-9,Pb为53.83×10-6,W为6.12×10-6,Sb为4.14×10-6;②根据多元素套合关系在区内圈定了3处找矿靶区,其中1#靶区内主攻矿种Au的异常强度为36.4×10-9,2#、3#靶区内Au的异常强度分别为49.8×10-9、47.3×10-9;③经过对1#靶区进行探槽工程验证,发现了1条长150 m、厚0.30 m的含金石英脉,Au品位为(3.64～4.78)×10-6;2#、3#靶区内Au的异常强度均高于1#靶区Au的异常强度,表明邦卓玛地区具有较好的找矿前景。
Bangzhuoma area in Southern Tibet is located in the east-central part of Tethys Himalayas and situated in the Jiangzi-Longzi gold-antimony polymetallic metallogenic belt in Southern Tibet.Bangzhuoma area in Southern Tibet has great metallogenic potential and it is a favorable area for the exploration of gold-antimony polymetallic deposits.In order to achieve prospecting breakthrough in the area,some relative geological prospecting work is conducted,based on 1∶10 000 soil geochemical measurement data of the area,the integration method of element variation coefficient,variation coefficient interpretation diagram of Cv1 and Cv1/Cv2 and fractal theory is adopted to analyze the nine elements of Au,Pb,W,Sb,Cu,Zn,Mo,Ba and Sn,the spatial enrichment distribution regularity and metallogenic potential of them are revealed.Based on the above discussion results,metallogenic prediction work is done based on metallogenic geological condition and element anomaly characteristics.The study results show that:①metallogenic potential of Cu,Zn,Mo,Ba and Sn is less than that of Au,Pb,W and Sb,and the abnormal lower limit values of the elements are obtained with value of Au 7.24×10-9,value of Pb 53.83×10-6,value of W 6.12×10-6,value of Sb 4.14×10-6;②according to element correlation relationship,three prospecting target areas in the Bangzhuoma area are delineated,Au is the main mineral in 1#prospecting target area,and its abnormal strength is 36.4×10-9,abnormal strength of Au in 2#and 3#prospecting target area are 49.8×10-9 and 47.3×10-9;③through trench engineering verification of 1#prospecting target area,a gold-bearing quartz vein with length of 150 m and thickness of 0.30 m is found,with Au grade of(3.64～4.78)×10-6;Au abnormal strength in 2#and 3#prospecting target area are both higher than that of 1#prospecting target area,which further show that prospecting potential in Bangzhuoma area is good.
Bangzhuoma area in Southern Tibet is located in the east-central part of Tethys Himalayas and situated in the Jiangzi-Longzi gold-antimony polymetallic metallogenic belt in Southern Tibet.Bangzhuoma area in Southern Tibet has great metallogenic potential and it is a favorable area for the exploration of gold-antimony polymetallic deposits.In order to achieve prospecting breakthrough in the area,some relative geological prospecting work is conducted,based on 1∶10 000 soil geochemical measurement data of the area,the integration method of element variation coefficient,variation coefficient interpretation diagram of Cv1 and Cv1/Cv2 and fractal theory is adopted to analyze the nine elements of Au,Pb,W,Sb,Cu,Zn,Mo,Ba and Sn,the spatial enrichment distribution regularity and metallogenic potential of them are revealed.Based on the above discussion results,metallogenic prediction work is done based on metallogenic geological condition and element anomaly characteristics.The study results show that:①metallogenic potential of Cu,Zn,Mo,Ba and Sn is less than that of Au,Pb,W and Sb,and the abnormal lower limit values of the elements are obtained with value of Au 7.24×10-9,value of Pb 53.83×10-6,value of W 6.12×10-6,value of Sb 4.14×10-6;②according to element correlation relationship,three prospecting target areas in the Bangzhuoma area are delineated,Au is the main mineral in 1#prospecting target area,and its abnormal strength is 36.4×10-9,abnormal strength of Au in 2#and 3#prospecting target area are 49.8×10-9 and 47.3×10-9;③through trench engineering verification of 1#prospecting target area,a gold-bearing quartz vein with length of 150 m and thickness of 0.30 m is found,with Au grade of(3.64～4.78)×10-6;Au abnormal strength in 2#and 3#prospecting target area are both higher than that of 1#prospecting target area,which further show that prospecting potential in Bangzhuoma area is good.
引文
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[2]罗先熔,陈三明,杜建波,等.地球电化学勘查法寻找不同埋深隐伏金矿的研究[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报,2002,22(4):42-46.Luo Xianrong,Chen Sanming,Du Jianbo,et al.Exploration of different buried deep concealed gold deposits by the method of electrochemical exploration[J].Bulletin of Mineralogy Petrology and Geochemistry,2002,22(4):42-46.
[3]徐云峰,胡朝云,秦宇龙,等.四川甲基卡地区1:5万水系沉积物地球化学特征及稀有金属找矿远景[J].金属矿山,2018(2):121-130.Xu Yunfeng,Hu Chaoyun,Qin Yulong,et al.Prospecting potential of rare metal and 1:50 000 stream sediment geochemical characteristics in Jiajika area in Sichuan Province[J].Metal mine,2018(2):121-130.
[4]李玉松,张玉清,马立柯.老挝普老地区多金属矿地球化学异常特征及找矿前景[J].中国地质,2016,43(5):1780-1790.Li Yusong,Zhang Yuqing,Ma Like.Geochemical anomaly features and exploration prospect of polymetallic deposits in the Pulao area,Laos[J].Geology in China,2016,43(5):1780-1790.
[5]聂凤军,胡朋,江思宏,等.藏南地区金和锑矿床(点)类型及其时空分布特征[J].地质学报,2005,79(3):373-385.Nie Fengjun,Hu Peng,Jiang Sihong,et al.Type and temporal-spatial distribution of gold and antimony deposits(prospects)in Southern Tibet,China[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2005,79(3):373-385.
[6]李金高,王全海,陈健坤,等.西藏江孜县沙拉岗锑矿床成矿与找矿模式的初步研究[J].成都理工学院学报,2002,29(5):533-538.Li Jingao,Wang Quanhai,Chen Jiankun,et al.Study of metallogenic and prospecting models for the Shalagang antimony deposit,Gyangze,Tibet[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology,2002,29(5):533-538.
[7]郑有业,多吉,马国桃,等.藏南查拉普金矿床特征、发现及时代约束[J].地球科学:中国地质大学学报,2007,32(2):185-193.Zheng Youye,Duo Ji,Ma Guotao,et al.Mineralization characteristics discovery and age restriction of Chalapu gold deposit,Southern Tibet[J].Earth Science:Journal of China University of Geosciences,2007,32(2):185-193.
[8]杨竹森,侯增谦,高伟,等.藏南拆离系锑金成矿特征与成因模式[J].地质学报,2006,80(9):1377-1391.Yang Zhusen,Hou Zengqian,Gao Wei,et al.Metal logenic characteristics and genetic model of antimony and gold deposits in South Tibetan detachment system[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2006,80(9):1377-1391.
[9]Yang Z S,Hou Z Q,Meng X J,et al.Post-collisional Sb and Au mineralization related to the South Tibetan detachment system,Himalayan orogen[J].Ore Geology Reviews,2009,36(1-3):194-212.
[10]杜泽忠,李关清.藏南锑-金矿带成矿规律初步探讨[J].矿物学报,2011(S):764-765.Du Zezhong,Li guanqing.A preliminary study on metallogenic regularity of the antimony gold ore belt in South Tibet[J].Acta Mineralogica Sinica,2011(S):764-765.
[11]孟祥金,杨竹森,戚学祥,等.藏南扎西康锑多金属矿硅-氧-氢同位素组成及其对成矿构造控制的响应[J].岩石学报,2008,24(7):1649-1655.Meng Xiangjin,Yang Zhusen,Qi Xuexiang,et al.Silicon-oxygenhydrogen isotopic compositions of Zaxikang antimony polymetallic deposit in Southern Tibet and its responses to the ore-controlling structure[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2008,24(7):1649-1655.
[12]侯增谦,吕庆田,王安建,等.初论陆-陆碰撞与成矿作用--以青藏高原造山带为例[J].矿床地质,2003,22(4):319-333.Hou Zengqian,Lyu Qingtian,Wang Anjian,et al.Continental collision and related metallogeny:a case study of mineralization in Tibetan Orogen[J].Mineral Deposit,2003,22(4):319-333.
[13]Murphy M A,Harrison T M.The relationship between leucogranites and the Qomolangma detachment in the Rongbuk valley,Southern Tibe[tJ].Geology,1999,27:831-834.
[14]Harrison T M,McKeegan K D,Le Fort P.Detection of inherited monazite in the Manaslu leucogranite by208Pb/232Thion microprobe dating:crystallization age and tectonic significance[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,1995,133:271-282.
[15]袁和,罗先熔,李武毅,等.西藏邦卓玛地区土壤地球化学特征及找矿预测[J].地质与勘探,2017,53(3):472-481.Yuan He,Luo Xianrong,Li Wuyi,et al.Geochemical characteristics of soil and prospecting prediction of the Bangzhuoma region,Tibe[tJ].Geology and Exploration,2017,53(3):472-481.
[16]孙雨,神元,鲁正清,等.河南卢氏三官庙钼多金属矿区土壤地球化学特征及成矿预测[J].金属矿山,2018(1):128-136.Sun Yu,Shen Yuan,Lu Zhengqing,et al.Soil geochemical characteristics of and metallogenic prediction of Sanguanmiao Mopolymetallid mning area in Lushi County,Henan Probince[J].Metal mine,2018(1):128-136.
[17]黎彤,袁怀雨,吴胜昔,等.中国大陆壳体的区域元素丰度[J].大地构造与成矿学,1999,23(2):101-107.Li Tong,Yuan Huaiyu,Wu Shengxi,et al.Regional element abundan of continental crustobonies in China[J].Geotectonica et Metallogenia,1999,23(2):101-107.
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