枸杞果实振动脱落特性模拟仿真及试验研究
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摘要
为深入研究枸杞果实-果柄振动分离特性,确定成熟枸杞果实-果柄分离用时最短的激振振幅与频率组合,研究了枸杞果实振动脱落机理,并通过仿真试验得到了最佳振幅和频率、枸杞脱落数量与时间的关系曲线、振动杆加速度和枸杞果实的加速度。搭建了枸杞振动试验台,以脱落所需时间为指标,分别对成熟和未成熟枸杞进行了振动脱落正交试验,获得了不同激振组合参数下振动杆的加速度及枸杞的脱落情况,最终确定了试验因素的最佳组合为:激振振幅12mm,激振频率16Hz。该条件下成熟枸杞脱落用时为1. 39 s,激振方向最大加速度为162. 81m/s2。本研究可为振动式枸杞机械收获装置的设计提供理论依据与数据支撑。
In order to research the characteristics of Lycium barbarum( L. barbarum) fruits-pedicel vibration separation. Searching for the optimum vibration parameters combination of L. barbarum-pedicel separation with the shortest time. This paper studies the vibration on the L. barbarum falling off mechanism. The optimum vibration amplitude and frequency are obtained through the experiment simulation. Obtained the curve of between L. barbarum falling qualities and time. Obtained the acceleration of L. barbarum and the acceleration of vibration of rod. Finally,built the L. barbarum vibration test table. The orthogonal test respectively on mature L. barbarum and immature L. barbarum. Obtained under different excitation parameters. The optimum factors level for mature L. barbarum are that vibrating rod excitation frequency is 16 Hz,excitation amplitude is 12 mm. The time required for fall is 1. 39 s. the maximum acceleration of the vibratory rod is 162. 81 m/s2. This paper can provide the theoretical basis and data support for the design of the L. barbarum mechanical vibration harvesting device.
In order to research the characteristics of Lycium barbarum( L. barbarum) fruits-pedicel vibration separation. Searching for the optimum vibration parameters combination of L. barbarum-pedicel separation with the shortest time. This paper studies the vibration on the L. barbarum falling off mechanism. The optimum vibration amplitude and frequency are obtained through the experiment simulation. Obtained the curve of between L. barbarum falling qualities and time. Obtained the acceleration of L. barbarum and the acceleration of vibration of rod. Finally,built the L. barbarum vibration test table. The orthogonal test respectively on mature L. barbarum and immature L. barbarum. Obtained under different excitation parameters. The optimum factors level for mature L. barbarum are that vibrating rod excitation frequency is 16 Hz,excitation amplitude is 12 mm. The time required for fall is 1. 39 s. the maximum acceleration of the vibratory rod is 162. 81 m/s2. This paper can provide the theoretical basis and data support for the design of the L. barbarum mechanical vibration harvesting device.
引文
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[24]何苗,坎杂,李成松,等.枸杞振动采收机理分析与试验[J].农业工程学报,2017(11):47-53.
[25]李超,邢洁洁,徐丽明,等.柔性梳脱式酿酒葡萄脱粒机构设计与试验[J].农业工程学报,2015(6):290-296.
[26]杨绮云,赵玉龙,冯砚博.基于ADAMS的蓝莓采摘机构动力学性能仿真研究[J].包装与食品机械,2014,32(3):28-31.
[27]赵武云,刘艳妍. ADAMS基础与应用实例教程[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2012:135-136.
[28]关镇国,武元桢.电动式振动试验台[J].试验技术与试验机,1988(5):33-37.
[29]瀚邦.压电式加速度传感器的选择[J].噪声与振动控制,1984(2):62.
[30]王业成,陈海涛,付威.黑加仑物理力学特性研究[J].东北农业大学学报,2009(3):110-114.
[2]安巍.枸杞栽培发展概况[J].宁夏农林科技,2010(1):34-36,26.
[3]曹有龙,巫鹏举.中国枸杞种质资源[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2015.
[4]吐鲁洪,阿依木妮莎,杜英.国外果树振动采收机[J].新疆农机化,2004(3):54-56.
[5]何苗,李成松,王丽红,等.枸杞采收装置的研究现状[J].安徽农业科学,2015(33):367-369.
[6]石志刚,肖宏儒,万如,等.枸杞采摘机研究进展[J].农业科技与装备,2016(5):53-56.
[7] Cooke J R,Rand R H. Vibratory Fruit Harvesting:A Nonlinear Fruit-stem Dynamics[J]. J. Agric. Engng Res,1970,15(4):347-363.
[8] Garman C F,Diener R G,Stafford J R. Effect of shaker type and direction of shake on apple detachment[J]. Am. Sot.Agric. Engrs,St. Joseph.,1972,17(2):70-133.
[9]张最,肖宏儒,丁文芹,等.振动式枸杞采摘机理仿真分析与样机试验[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(10):20-28.
[10]梁月,殷丽强.收获沙棘振动器试验研究[J].国际沙棘研究与开发,2009(4):32-38.
[11]王长勤,许林云,周宏平,等.偏心式林果振动采收机的研制与试验[J].农业工程学报,2012(16):10-16.
[12]李成松,高振江,坎杂,等.酿酒葡萄果-蒂振动分离试验[J].农业工程学报,2015(9):39-44.
[13]王荣,焦群英,魏德强.葡萄与番茄宏观力学特性参数的确定[J].农业工程学报,2004(2):54-57.
[14]何昕孺,张曦燕,米佳,等. 11个枸杞品种(系)果柄分离力的比较[J].宁夏农林科技,2017(6):24-25.
[15]何培庄,朱海,郭艳玲,等.基于ADAMS的蓝莓采摘机构的仿真分析[J].现代科学仪器,2012(1):36-38.
[16] Peizhuang He,Hai Zhu,Yanling Guo,et al. Simulation of Blueberry Picking Institution Based on ADAMS[J]. Modern Scientific Instruments,2012(1):36-38.
[17] Tsatsarelis C A. Vibratory Olive Harvesting:The Response of the Fruit-stem System to Fruit Removing Actions[J].Jouenal Of Agricultural Engineering Research,1987,38(2):77-90.
[18] So J D. Vibratory harvesting machine for boxthorn(Lycium chinense mill)berries[J]. Transactions of the American Society of Agricultural Engineers,2003,46(2):211-221.
[19]彭俊,孙世鹏,冯亚利,等.沙棘果实-果柄系统振动采收机理分析与仿真[J].农机化研究,2017,39(7):28-33.
[20]陈度,杜小强,王书茂,等.振动式果品收获技术机理分析及研究进展[J].农业工程学报,2011,27(8):195-200.
[21]陈丽华,汪孔政.关于参考椭球平均半径的探讨[J].测绘通报,2000(10):15-17.
[22]王寿梅,赵国兴.用泰勒级数求解非线性代数和微分方程组[J].北京航空航天大学学报,1996(3):86-91.
[23]王海滨,郭艳玲,鲍玉冬,等.振动式蓝莓采摘的机理分析与仿真[J].农业工程学报,2013(12):40-46.
[24]何苗,坎杂,李成松,等.枸杞振动采收机理分析与试验[J].农业工程学报,2017(11):47-53.
[25]李超,邢洁洁,徐丽明,等.柔性梳脱式酿酒葡萄脱粒机构设计与试验[J].农业工程学报,2015(6):290-296.
[26]杨绮云,赵玉龙,冯砚博.基于ADAMS的蓝莓采摘机构动力学性能仿真研究[J].包装与食品机械,2014,32(3):28-31.
[27]赵武云,刘艳妍. ADAMS基础与应用实例教程[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2012:135-136.
[28]关镇国,武元桢.电动式振动试验台[J].试验技术与试验机,1988(5):33-37.
[29]瀚邦.压电式加速度传感器的选择[J].噪声与振动控制,1984(2):62.
[30]王业成,陈海涛,付威.黑加仑物理力学特性研究[J].东北农业大学学报,2009(3):110-114.