续断商品规格等级标准及质量评价研究
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摘要
通过本草考证及市场产地调研,采集不同市场及产地的续断样品进行分析,选定外观性状指标,结合生产实际,制定续断商品规格等级标准;同时分析各等级外观性状与内在成分间的相关性及质量差异。本草考证及市场产地调研发现,续断以根条粗、断面墨绿色为佳,且市场上多以统货为主;通过主成分分析、方差分析及聚类分析,结合本草考证及实际操作的可行性,筛选出长度、中部直径、皮部颜色为分级指标,划分选货和统货2个规格,其中选货划分为大选和小选2个等级。此外,续断外观性状指标与内在指标无显著相关性,浸出物与水分存在显著正相关,与总灰分呈极显著负相关;多重比较显示,水分、浸出物、川续断皂苷Ⅵ含量选货高于统货,但均未达显著差异;总灰分含量统货高于选货,亦未达显著差异。该研究制定的续断商品规格等级标准,为规范续断交易提供依据,同时为续断商品规格等级团体、行业及国家等标准的制定提供参考。
Through the records of herbal and market investigations,the samples collected from different market and origin were analyzed,and the appearance character indexes were determined in order to revise the commodity specification and grade standard of Dipsaci Radix combined with production practice. This is also to analyze association of the appearance with quality different of intrinsic components. The investigation results indicated the root's long and thick was better,and atrovirens of fracture surface,there are most of the market is dominated by the ungraded goods. Through principal component analysis,variance analysis and cluster analysis,combining with the feasibility of actual operation and herbal record,the length,middle diameter and phloem color were filtrated and the specification was divided into 2 ranks: the selection and ungraded goods,and the grade was divided into 2 ranks for the selection goods: big,small selected goods. Moreover,there were no significant correlation between the appearance and the intrinsic quality index of Dipsaci Radix,the content of extractum were significantly positive correlation with the moisture,but had extremely negative correlation with the total ash. Multiple comparisons indicated that the content of the moisture,extractum and asperosaponin VI of the selected goods were higher than the ungraded goods,while the total ash content were lower,and they hasn't significant difference. The commodity specification and grade standard of Dipsaci Radix as a basis provide commodity specification and grade standard of communities and standardizing market trade order.
Through the records of herbal and market investigations,the samples collected from different market and origin were analyzed,and the appearance character indexes were determined in order to revise the commodity specification and grade standard of Dipsaci Radix combined with production practice. This is also to analyze association of the appearance with quality different of intrinsic components. The investigation results indicated the root's long and thick was better,and atrovirens of fracture surface,there are most of the market is dominated by the ungraded goods. Through principal component analysis,variance analysis and cluster analysis,combining with the feasibility of actual operation and herbal record,the length,middle diameter and phloem color were filtrated and the specification was divided into 2 ranks: the selection and ungraded goods,and the grade was divided into 2 ranks for the selection goods: big,small selected goods. Moreover,there were no significant correlation between the appearance and the intrinsic quality index of Dipsaci Radix,the content of extractum were significantly positive correlation with the moisture,but had extremely negative correlation with the total ash. Multiple comparisons indicated that the content of the moisture,extractum and asperosaponin VI of the selected goods were higher than the ungraded goods,while the total ash content were lower,and they hasn't significant difference. The commodity specification and grade standard of Dipsaci Radix as a basis provide commodity specification and grade standard of communities and standardizing market trade order.
引文
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[3]冯耀南,刘明,刘检,等.中药材商品规格质量鉴别[M].广州:暨南大学出版社,1995:181.
[4]王家葵,王一涛.续断的本草考证[J].中药材,1991,14(5):44.
[5]兰茂.滇南本草[M].昆明:云南人民出版社,1975:356.
[6]李时珍.本草纲目[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,1982:972.
[7]吴其浚.植物名实图考[M].上海:商务印书馆排印本,1957:268.
[8]徐国钧,何宏贤,徐珞珊,等.中国药材学[M].北京:中国医药科技出版社,1996:428.
[9]金世元.金世元传统中药材鉴别经验[M].北京:中国中医药出版社,2010:13.
[10]蔡少青,王璇.常用中药材品种整理和质量研究.第6册[M].北京:北京医科大学出版社,2001:112.
[11]王国强.全国中草药汇编[M]. 3版.北京:人民卫生出版社,2014:74.
[12]张万福.五鹤续断的地道历史考证[J].中国中药杂志,2003,28(11):1100.
[13]中华本草编委会.中华本草.第7卷[M].上海:上海科技出版社,1999:582.