新型混合工质RE170/R134a替代汽车空调中R134a的可行性研究
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摘要
在汽车空调中大规模使用的致冷剂四氟乙烷(R134a)有较大的温室效应指数(GWP),GWP为1300,是一种过渡型替代致冷剂。将二甲醚(RE170)和R134a按90∶10的质量配合比混合组成一种新型混合致冷剂(代号NCUR02),从环境性能、热力学性质、循环性能、润滑特性、安全性和经济性等方面综合分析NCUR02替代汽车空调中R134a的可行性。研究结果表明:NCUR02的消耗臭氧潜能值(ODP)为0,GWP为130,环境性能优秀;温度滑移很小,标准大气压下小于0.1℃,饱和压力线与R134a相近;与常用的POE油互溶性良好;单位质量致冷量是R134a的233%,单位容积致冷量与R134a相当,制冷系统能效比(COP)比R134a高8%,工作压力略低于R134a,是一种性能优秀的近共沸混合致冷剂,替代车用空调中的R134a在技术上具有可行性,经济性上有显著优势。
Tetrafluoroethane(R134 a)is widely used in automotive air conditioning,but GWP of R134 ais 1300,has negative impact on the global warming.R134 ais a transitional alternative refrigerant.DME(RE170)and R134 a were mixed with the mass ratio of 90∶10 to form a new mixed refrigerant,named NCUR02.The feasibility of NCUR02 as an alternative to R134 awas analyzed from the aspects of environment performance,thermodynamic property,cycle performance,lubrication characteristics,safety performance and economy performance.The results showed that NCUR02 had excellent environmental performance,ODP=0,GWP=130.The temperature slip was small,less than0.1℃ at standard atmospheric pressure,and the saturated pressure line was closed to R134 a.Its mutual solubility with POE oil was well.Its refrigeration capacity per unit mass was 233% of R134 a,the refrigeration capacity per unit volume was equivalent to R134 a,the cycle performance coefficient COP was 8% higher than R134 a,the working pressure was slightly lower than R134 a.It was a near-azeotropic refrigerant mixture with excellent performance.Thus,as a substitute for R134 a,NCUR02 can be technically used in automotive air conditioner,and it had obvious advantage on economics.
Tetrafluoroethane(R134 a)is widely used in automotive air conditioning,but GWP of R134 ais 1300,has negative impact on the global warming.R134 ais a transitional alternative refrigerant.DME(RE170)and R134 a were mixed with the mass ratio of 90∶10 to form a new mixed refrigerant,named NCUR02.The feasibility of NCUR02 as an alternative to R134 awas analyzed from the aspects of environment performance,thermodynamic property,cycle performance,lubrication characteristics,safety performance and economy performance.The results showed that NCUR02 had excellent environmental performance,ODP=0,GWP=130.The temperature slip was small,less than0.1℃ at standard atmospheric pressure,and the saturated pressure line was closed to R134 a.Its mutual solubility with POE oil was well.Its refrigeration capacity per unit mass was 233% of R134 a,the refrigeration capacity per unit volume was equivalent to R134 a,the cycle performance coefficient COP was 8% higher than R134 a,the working pressure was slightly lower than R134 a.It was a near-azeotropic refrigerant mixture with excellent performance.Thus,as a substitute for R134 a,NCUR02 can be technically used in automotive air conditioner,and it had obvious advantage on economics.
引文
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[2]刘敬辉,陈江平,鲁雪生,等.二甲醚(DME)制冷性能的实验研究[J].制冷学报,2006,27(1):23-27.
[3]Yang Z,Wu X.Retrofits and options for the alternatives to HCFC-22[J].Energy,2013,59:1-21.
[4]徐明仿,杜维明,晏刚.近共沸制冷剂R134a/R290的研究[J].制冷与空调,2004,4(5):71-74.
[5]毕胜山,韦俊,刘志刚,等.DME、DME/R125与润滑油互溶性实验研究[J].工程热物理学报,2012,33(11):1836-1838.
[6]刘靖,程艳华.R152a与R134a混合制冷剂替代R22的可行性研究[J].流体机械,2010,38(11):63,77-80.
[7]Maclaine-cross I L.Usage and risk of hydrocarbon refrigerants in motor cars for Australia and the United States[J].International Journal of Refrigeration,2004,27(4):339-345.
[8]孙西峰,韩杨.汽车空调替代制冷剂的比较[J].制冷与空调,2015,15(5):60-67.