杜泊羊、澳洲白绵羊与湖羊杂交效果的比较
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摘要
为了提高湖羊的生产效率和经济效益,本试验在相同舍饲条件下,对杜泊羊、澳洲白绵羊分别与湖羊杂交利用的效果进行比较分析,并对其后裔的生产性能和肉品质进行了测定。结果表明:杜×湖和澳×湖杂交组合的羔羊成活率均比纯繁湖羊低,但杂交组合的产羔率较纯繁湖羊分别提高了13.97%和8.88%。杜×湖F1的2月龄体重、3月龄体重、初生至3月龄的平均日增重均极显著高于纯繁湖羊(P<0.01),澳×湖F1和杜×湖F1的这3个指标均显著高于纯繁湖羊(P<0.01)。4月龄时,杜×湖F1和澳×湖F1的体高、胸围、腹围和管围等体尺指标均高于纯繁湖羊,但差异不显著(P<0.01)。另外,对杜×湖F1组、澳×湖F1组、纯繁湖羊组每组挑选4只进行屠宰试验,澳×湖F1的眼肌面积极显著大于纯繁湖羊(P<0.01),屠宰率显著高于纯繁湖羊(P<0.05)。两组杂交组合F1与纯繁湖羊的肉色和剪切力均无显著差异(P>0.05),但两组杂交组合F1的熟肉率在数值上有所提高。杜×湖F1和纯繁湖羊的失水率均极显著大于澳×湖F1(P<0.01)。说明,杜泊羊和澳洲白绵羊两个肉用品种与湖羊的杂交后代都表现出繁殖性能好、生长速度快、肉用体形特征明显、屠宰性能好、肉品质好等特点。
A comparative analysis of the effects of crossbreeding Dorper sheep,Australian white sheep with Hu Sheep,under the same stall feeding condition,on production performance and meat quality was conducted. The results were that the Dorper sheep× Hu Sheep and the Australian white sheep × Hu Sheep cross breeding had a lower survival rate than the pure breeding Hu sheep,with lambing rates increased by13. 97% and 8. 88% respectively. The other benefits of cross breeding were that the Dorper sheep×Hu Sheep F1 and Australian white sheep ×Hu Sheep F1 had higher body weight at the age of two and three months and higher daily increase in body weight( P<0. 01 respectively) than Hu sheep. The F1 hybrid sheep had higher body height,chest circumference,waist circumference,circumference and body size indexes than Hu sheep at the age of four months. The slaughter of four 4 sheep randomly selected from each group showed that the eye muscle area( P<0. 01) and the slaughter rate( P<0. 05) were significantly increased in Australian white sheep × Hu Sheep F1,compared with Hu sheep.The other indexes were that there were no significant differences in color and shear force of the three groups( P>0. 05),but the cooked meat percentage was increased in the F1 hybrid sheep,compared with the Hu sheep. Dehydration in the Dorper sheep × Hu Sheep F1 and Hu sheep was significantly higher than in the Australian white sheep × Hu Sheep F1( P< 0. 01). In conclusion,the offspring of Dorper sheep and Australian white sheep cross breeding with Hu sheep presented good reproductive performance,fast growth,obvious shape characteristics of meat,good slaughter performance and good meat quality.
A comparative analysis of the effects of crossbreeding Dorper sheep,Australian white sheep with Hu Sheep,under the same stall feeding condition,on production performance and meat quality was conducted. The results were that the Dorper sheep× Hu Sheep and the Australian white sheep × Hu Sheep cross breeding had a lower survival rate than the pure breeding Hu sheep,with lambing rates increased by13. 97% and 8. 88% respectively. The other benefits of cross breeding were that the Dorper sheep×Hu Sheep F1 and Australian white sheep ×Hu Sheep F1 had higher body weight at the age of two and three months and higher daily increase in body weight( P<0. 01 respectively) than Hu sheep. The F1 hybrid sheep had higher body height,chest circumference,waist circumference,circumference and body size indexes than Hu sheep at the age of four months. The slaughter of four 4 sheep randomly selected from each group showed that the eye muscle area( P<0. 01) and the slaughter rate( P<0. 05) were significantly increased in Australian white sheep × Hu Sheep F1,compared with Hu sheep.The other indexes were that there were no significant differences in color and shear force of the three groups( P>0. 05),but the cooked meat percentage was increased in the F1 hybrid sheep,compared with the Hu sheep. Dehydration in the Dorper sheep × Hu Sheep F1 and Hu sheep was significantly higher than in the Australian white sheep × Hu Sheep F1( P< 0. 01). In conclusion,the offspring of Dorper sheep and Australian white sheep cross breeding with Hu sheep presented good reproductive performance,fast growth,obvious shape characteristics of meat,good slaughter performance and good meat quality.
引文
[1]施汉忠.湖羊疾病的综合防制[J].湖北畜牧兽医,2015,36(4):29-30.
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[3]黄国兵,刘小鹏,徐金云,等.湖羊杂交试验研究[J].现代农业科技,2010(22):327.
[4]肖玉琪,钱建共,张有法,等.湖羊不同杂交组合产肉性能的研究[J].中国草食动物科学,2002,39(s1):36-37.
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[11]王志武,毛杨毅,孙锐锋,等.不同肉羊品种与湖羊杂交效果研究[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2016,20:88-90.
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[14]张丽娜,武佩,宣传忠,等.羊只体尺参数测量及其形态评价研究进展[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(s1):190-197.
[15]徐铁山,王东劲,刘小林,等.海南黑山羊体尺与体重的通径分析及最优回归模型的建立[J].家畜生态学报,2005,26(1):49-53.
[16]康建兵,蔡惠芬,罗卫星,等.贵州白山羊的体尺与体重及其相关性[J].贵州农业科学,2015,43(8):171-173.
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[18]杨国辉,覃玉国,彭飞.无角陶赛特羊与湖羊杂交效果的研究[J].饲料广角,2006(20):31-32.
[19]席斌,高雅琴,李维红.我国湖羊的发展现状及前景[J].畜牧兽医杂志,2007,26(5):37.
[20]肖玉琪,张有法,杨若飞,等.绵羊眼肌面积近似计算公式法初探[J].中国草食动物科学,2003(s1):117-118.
[21]马铁伟,王强,王锋,等.营养水平对湖羊生长性能、血清生化指标、屠宰性能和肉品质的影响[J].南京农业大学学报,2016,39(6):1003-1009.
[22]曹少先,孟春花,苏磊,等.杜湖杂交羊与湖羊肉用和皮用性能的比较[J].江苏农业科学,2016,44(10):291-292.
[23]谷英,孙海洲,桑丹,等.肉品质评定指标及影响因素的研究进展[J].中国畜牧兽医,2013,40(7):100-106.
[2]李群.湖羊的来源及历史再探[J].中国农史,1997,16(2):91-95.
[3]黄国兵,刘小鹏,徐金云,等.湖羊杂交试验研究[J].现代农业科技,2010(22):327.
[4]肖玉琪,钱建共,张有法,等.湖羊不同杂交组合产肉性能的研究[J].中国草食动物科学,2002,39(s1):36-37.
[5]王伟.湖羊种质资源的保护及开发利用[D].苏州:苏州大学,2007.
[6]初汉平.杜泊羊和小尾寒羊杂一代羔羊与小尾寒羊羔羊生长性能、屠宰性能及肉品品质的比较[J].畜牧与兽医,2012,44(3):46-48.
[7]汤继顺,朱德建,陈胜,等.澳洲白绵羊与小尾寒羊杂交F1代生产性能分析[J].畜牧与兽医,2016,48(9):58-61.
[8]林昌俊.杜湖杂交F1代羊与湖羊生产性能和肉质的比较研究[D].南京:南京农业大学,2014.
[9]时乾.湖羊部分繁殖性状及其羔羊生长发育研究[D].南京:南京农业大学,2007.
[10]薛金果.引进杜泊羊在徐州地区的适应性观察[D].扬州:扬州大学,2006.
[11]王志武,毛杨毅,孙锐锋,等.不同肉羊品种与湖羊杂交效果研究[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2016,20:88-90.
[12]王元兴,杨若飞,张有法,等.肉用绵羊与湖羊杂交产羔性能的研究[J].畜牧与兽医,2003,35(12):18-19.
[13]周卫东,姜俊芳,宋雪梅,等.湖羊和杜湖杂交一代羊肉用性能比较研究[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2010,14(7):61-62.
[14]张丽娜,武佩,宣传忠,等.羊只体尺参数测量及其形态评价研究进展[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(s1):190-197.
[15]徐铁山,王东劲,刘小林,等.海南黑山羊体尺与体重的通径分析及最优回归模型的建立[J].家畜生态学报,2005,26(1):49-53.
[16]康建兵,蔡惠芬,罗卫星,等.贵州白山羊的体尺与体重及其相关性[J].贵州农业科学,2015,43(8):171-173.
[17]杨永林,王建华,卢守亮,等.萨福克和湖羊的杂交试验[J].草食家畜,2005(1):29-31.
[18]杨国辉,覃玉国,彭飞.无角陶赛特羊与湖羊杂交效果的研究[J].饲料广角,2006(20):31-32.
[19]席斌,高雅琴,李维红.我国湖羊的发展现状及前景[J].畜牧兽医杂志,2007,26(5):37.
[20]肖玉琪,张有法,杨若飞,等.绵羊眼肌面积近似计算公式法初探[J].中国草食动物科学,2003(s1):117-118.
[21]马铁伟,王强,王锋,等.营养水平对湖羊生长性能、血清生化指标、屠宰性能和肉品质的影响[J].南京农业大学学报,2016,39(6):1003-1009.
[22]曹少先,孟春花,苏磊,等.杜湖杂交羊与湖羊肉用和皮用性能的比较[J].江苏农业科学,2016,44(10):291-292.
[23]谷英,孙海洲,桑丹,等.肉品质评定指标及影响因素的研究进展[J].中国畜牧兽医,2013,40(7):100-106.