柠檬酸稀土对锦江黄牛屠宰性能、肉品质及脂肪代谢的影响
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摘要
本试验旨在研究柠檬酸稀土对锦江黄牛屠宰性能、肉品质及脂肪代谢的影响。选用年龄、体质量相近的健康育肥期锦江公牛为试验动物,共12头,平均体质量为(374.75±4.02)kg,随机分成2组,即对照组和试验组,在试验组饲粮中的添加柠檬酸稀土400 mg/kg,对照组不添加柠檬酸稀土。试验期为期70 d。饲养试验结束进行屠宰,测定其屠宰性能,分析测定肉品质指标和脂肪代谢相关酶及激素指标。结果显示:饲粮中添加柠檬酸稀土显著提高了平均日增质量(P<0.05),显著降低了料质量比(P<0.05);饲粮中添加柠檬酸稀土可显著提高血清中GH和瘦素的水平(P<0.05);饲粮中添加柠檬酸稀土显著降低了育肥期锦江黄牛的脏脂率和脂肪率(P<0.05),有降低背膘厚及板油率的趋势(0.05≤P≤0.1);饲粮中添加柠檬酸稀土显著提高了牛肉中粗蛋白的含量(P<0.05),降低了粗脂肪及干物质的含量(P<0.05),同时具有提高剪切力的趋势(0.05≤P≤0.1);饲粮中添加柠檬酸稀土显著降低了肝脏中MDA的活性(P<0.05),对FAS活性具有降低的趋势(0.05≤P≤0.1);饲粮中添加柠檬酸稀土显著提高了肝脏中LPL的活性(P<0.05),对TL也有升高的趋势(0.05≤P≤0.1)。结果表明,饲粮中添加400 mg/kg的柠檬酸稀土可改善锦江黄牛生产性能和屠宰性能,提高肌肉中粗蛋白含量,同时还有明显的降低育肥期锦江黄牛体内脂肪含量的作用,提高肉牛养殖效益。
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of rare earth citrate on slaughter performance,meat quality and fat metabolism of Jinjiang cattle.A total of 12 heads of Jinjiang bulls with the similar age and average weight(374.75±4.02) kg were randomly divided into 2 groups:control group and test group.The addition level of rare earth citrate in diets was 0 mg/kg(Control group),400 mg/kg(Test group),respectively.The experimental period was 70 d.At the end of the feeding experiment,slaughtering performance was measured,and then the meat quality index,fat metabolism related enzyme and hormone index were analyzed.The results showed that:(1) The addition of rare earth citrate significantly increased the average daily gain(P<0.05) and decreased the feed weight ratio(P<0.05).(2)The addition of rare earth citrate could significantly increase the levels of GH and leptin in serum(P<0.05).(3)The supplementation of rare earth citrate significantly decreased the abdominal fat rate and fat rate(P<0.05),and had a tendency to decrease the back-fat thickness and the plate oil rate of jinjiang bull(0.05≤P≤0.1).(4)The addition of rare earth citrate significantly increased the content of crude protein in beef(P<0.05),and decreased the contents of crude fat and dry matter(P<0.05).At the same time,there was a tendency to increase the shear force(0.05≤P≤0.1).(5)The addition of rare earth citrate in the diet significantly reduced the activity of MDA(P<0.05)and had the tendency to decreased the activity of FAS(0.05≤P≤0.1)in the liver.(6)The addition of rare earth citrate in the diet significantly increased the activity of LPL(P<0.05),and had the tendency to increase the level of TL(0.05≤P≤0.1)in the liver.In conclusion,adding 400 mg/kg rare earth citrate to diet could improve the performance and slaughter performance of Jinjiang cattle,and increase the content of crude protein in muscle.At the same time,the effect of reducing the fat content of Jinjiang yellow cattle during fattening period was obvious,and improving the efficiency of beef cattle breeding.
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of rare earth citrate on slaughter performance,meat quality and fat metabolism of Jinjiang cattle.A total of 12 heads of Jinjiang bulls with the similar age and average weight(374.75±4.02) kg were randomly divided into 2 groups:control group and test group.The addition level of rare earth citrate in diets was 0 mg/kg(Control group),400 mg/kg(Test group),respectively.The experimental period was 70 d.At the end of the feeding experiment,slaughtering performance was measured,and then the meat quality index,fat metabolism related enzyme and hormone index were analyzed.The results showed that:(1) The addition of rare earth citrate significantly increased the average daily gain(P<0.05) and decreased the feed weight ratio(P<0.05).(2)The addition of rare earth citrate could significantly increase the levels of GH and leptin in serum(P<0.05).(3)The supplementation of rare earth citrate significantly decreased the abdominal fat rate and fat rate(P<0.05),and had a tendency to decrease the back-fat thickness and the plate oil rate of jinjiang bull(0.05≤P≤0.1).(4)The addition of rare earth citrate significantly increased the content of crude protein in beef(P<0.05),and decreased the contents of crude fat and dry matter(P<0.05).At the same time,there was a tendency to increase the shear force(0.05≤P≤0.1).(5)The addition of rare earth citrate in the diet significantly reduced the activity of MDA(P<0.05)and had the tendency to decreased the activity of FAS(0.05≤P≤0.1)in the liver.(6)The addition of rare earth citrate in the diet significantly increased the activity of LPL(P<0.05),and had the tendency to increase the level of TL(0.05≤P≤0.1)in the liver.In conclusion,adding 400 mg/kg rare earth citrate to diet could improve the performance and slaughter performance of Jinjiang cattle,and increase the content of crude protein in muscle.At the same time,the effect of reducing the fat content of Jinjiang yellow cattle during fattening period was obvious,and improving the efficiency of beef cattle breeding.
引文
[1] 张建文,沈启云,祁占胜,等.稀土对育肥牛增重效果的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,1990,6:28-29.
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[3] 吕景智.小白鼠稀土代谢动力学的研究[D].重庆:西南农业大学,2003.
[4] SCHWABE A,MEYER U,FLACHOWSKY G,et al.Effect of graded levels of rare earth elements in diets of fattening bulls on growing and slaughtering performance,and on nutrient digestibility of wethers[J].Arch Anim Nutr,2011,65(65):55-73.
[5] 刘江波.稀土元素对南江黄羊瘤胃发酵、生长性能及血液指标的影响[D].四川雅安:四川农业大学,2012.
[6] REDLING K.Rare earth elements in agriculture with emphasis on animal husbandry[M].Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit?t München,2006.
[7] 于静.添喂稀土对绵羊消化代谢的影响[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆农业大学,2009.
[8] HE M L,RANZ D,RAMBECK W A.Study on the performance enhancing effect of rare earth elements in growing and fattening pigs[J].J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr,2001,85(7/8):263-270.
[9] 马文彬,尹昕,朱秀雄,等.氯化钐对雌性大白鼠内分泌腺结构和功能的影响[J].中国稀土学报,1990(2):162-165.
[10] 李方方,周晶,朱宇旌,等.稀土壳糖胺螯合盐对断奶仔猪生长性能、血清生化指标、营养物质消化率及粪中微生物菌群的影响[J].动物营养学报,2016,2:498-506.
[11] SCHWABE A,MEYER U,FLACHOWSKY G,et al.Effect of graded levels of rare earth elements in diets of fattening bulls on growing and slaughtering performance,and on nutrient digestibility of wethers[J].Arch Anim Nutr,2011,65(1):55.
[12] 张义.稀土壳聚糖对四川山地乌骨鸡脂类代谢及促生长作用的影响[D].四川雅安:四川农业大学,2008.
[13] 许甲平,鲍宏云,邓志刚,等.蛋氨酸铬与稀土(镧、铈)壳糖胺螯合盐协同作用对肥育猪生长性能和肉品质的影响[J].饲料工业,2013(4):55-57.
[14] 李淑红,罗梅兰,黄春红,等.硝酸稀土对湘东黑山羊血液蛋白及非蛋白氮指标的影响[J].家畜生态学报,2006(5):35-37.
[15] CLARKE S D.Regulation of fatty acid synthase gene expression:an approach for reducing fat accumulation[J].J Anim Sci,1993,71(7):1957-1965.
[16] 姚飞.苏尼特肥羔脂肪代谢酶活性的发育变化及其对IMF沉积的影响[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2008.
[17] 矫丽娟,罗海玲,张玉伟,等.甘草提取物对滩羊肝脏脂肪代谢关键酶活性的影响[J].中国农业大学学报,2013,4:118-123.
[18] 王春艳,杜瑞平,张兴夫,等.瘦素及其生理功能概述[J].动物营养学报,2012,3:423-427.
[2] 李德发,佘伟民,龚利敏,等.添加稀土对生长猪生长性能及氮平衡的影响[J].饲料博览,1992,4:3-4.
[3] 吕景智.小白鼠稀土代谢动力学的研究[D].重庆:西南农业大学,2003.
[4] SCHWABE A,MEYER U,FLACHOWSKY G,et al.Effect of graded levels of rare earth elements in diets of fattening bulls on growing and slaughtering performance,and on nutrient digestibility of wethers[J].Arch Anim Nutr,2011,65(65):55-73.
[5] 刘江波.稀土元素对南江黄羊瘤胃发酵、生长性能及血液指标的影响[D].四川雅安:四川农业大学,2012.
[6] REDLING K.Rare earth elements in agriculture with emphasis on animal husbandry[M].Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit?t München,2006.
[7] 于静.添喂稀土对绵羊消化代谢的影响[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆农业大学,2009.
[8] HE M L,RANZ D,RAMBECK W A.Study on the performance enhancing effect of rare earth elements in growing and fattening pigs[J].J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr,2001,85(7/8):263-270.
[9] 马文彬,尹昕,朱秀雄,等.氯化钐对雌性大白鼠内分泌腺结构和功能的影响[J].中国稀土学报,1990(2):162-165.
[10] 李方方,周晶,朱宇旌,等.稀土壳糖胺螯合盐对断奶仔猪生长性能、血清生化指标、营养物质消化率及粪中微生物菌群的影响[J].动物营养学报,2016,2:498-506.
[11] SCHWABE A,MEYER U,FLACHOWSKY G,et al.Effect of graded levels of rare earth elements in diets of fattening bulls on growing and slaughtering performance,and on nutrient digestibility of wethers[J].Arch Anim Nutr,2011,65(1):55.
[12] 张义.稀土壳聚糖对四川山地乌骨鸡脂类代谢及促生长作用的影响[D].四川雅安:四川农业大学,2008.
[13] 许甲平,鲍宏云,邓志刚,等.蛋氨酸铬与稀土(镧、铈)壳糖胺螯合盐协同作用对肥育猪生长性能和肉品质的影响[J].饲料工业,2013(4):55-57.
[14] 李淑红,罗梅兰,黄春红,等.硝酸稀土对湘东黑山羊血液蛋白及非蛋白氮指标的影响[J].家畜生态学报,2006(5):35-37.
[15] CLARKE S D.Regulation of fatty acid synthase gene expression:an approach for reducing fat accumulation[J].J Anim Sci,1993,71(7):1957-1965.
[16] 姚飞.苏尼特肥羔脂肪代谢酶活性的发育变化及其对IMF沉积的影响[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2008.
[17] 矫丽娟,罗海玲,张玉伟,等.甘草提取物对滩羊肝脏脂肪代谢关键酶活性的影响[J].中国农业大学学报,2013,4:118-123.
[18] 王春艳,杜瑞平,张兴夫,等.瘦素及其生理功能概述[J].动物营养学报,2012,3:423-427.