不同耕作方式及前茬作物对冬小麦产量的影响
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摘要
为了研究不同耕作方式及前茬作物对冬小麦产量的影响,以长6878为供试材料,采用二因素裂区设计,探索在不同耕作方式及前茬作物共同影响下冬小麦产量的表现情况。结果表明,冬小麦的产量表现为旋耕处理显著高于翻耕处理,玉米茬的产量较高。耕作方式的改变,对各茬口的冬小麦穗密度、谷草比、经济系数影响不显著;相同茬口下,旋耕比翻耕更有助于冬小麦穗长、穗质量、结实小穗数的增加以及不结实小穗的减少,对产量的增加有着一定的积极作用。
To study the effects of different tillage methods and previous crops on winter wheat yield, this study used Chang 6878 as the test material, and used two-factor splitting design to explore the performance of winter wheat yield under the effects of different tillage methods and previous crops. The results showed that the yield of winter wheat under rotary tillage was significantly higher than that of tillage treatment, and the yield of corn borer was higher. The change of tillage mode had no significant effect on the ear density, grain-grass ratio and economic coefficient of winter wheat. Under the same mouth, rotary tillage was more conducive to the increase of ear length, ear quality and number of spikelets in winter wheat than in tillage. The reduction of firm spikelets had a positive effect on the increase in yield.
To study the effects of different tillage methods and previous crops on winter wheat yield, this study used Chang 6878 as the test material, and used two-factor splitting design to explore the performance of winter wheat yield under the effects of different tillage methods and previous crops. The results showed that the yield of winter wheat under rotary tillage was significantly higher than that of tillage treatment, and the yield of corn borer was higher. The change of tillage mode had no significant effect on the ear density, grain-grass ratio and economic coefficient of winter wheat. Under the same mouth, rotary tillage was more conducive to the increase of ear length, ear quality and number of spikelets in winter wheat than in tillage. The reduction of firm spikelets had a positive effect on the increase in yield.
引文
[1]刘红亮,李凤海,步蕴法,等.不同耕作方式对土壤物理性状及玉米生长发育的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2017(8):52-54.
[2]孔凡磊,陈阜,张海林,等.轮耕对土壤物理性状和冬小麦产量的影响[J].农业工程学报,2010,26(8):150-155.
[3]邵云,王敬婼,冯荣成,等.耕作方式和有机物料还田对小麦叶片光合特性及产量的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2018,46(11):69-73.
[4]杜聪阳,杨习文,王勇,等.不同耕作方式及施氮水平对砂姜黑土物理性状、微生物学特性及小麦产量的影响[J].河南农业科学,2017,46(8):19-27.
[5]张明君,李玲玲,谢军红,等.不同耕作方式对陇中旱农区春小麦和豌豆根系空间分布及产量的影响[J].应用生态学报,2017(12):3917-3925.
[6]朱敏,石云翔,孙志友,等.秸秆还田与旋耕对川中土壤物理性状及玉米机播质量的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2017,25(7):1025-1033.
[7]褚鹏飞,于振文,王东,等.耕作方式对小麦耗水特性和籽粒产量的影响[J].中国农业科学,2010,43(19):3954-3964.
[8]SIJTSMA C H,CAMPHELL A J,MCLAUGHLIN N B.Comparative tillage costs for crop rotation utilizing minimum tillage on a farm scale[J].Soil and Tillage Research,1998,49(3):223-231.
[9]谷子寒,王元元,帅泽宇,等.土壤耕作方式对水稻产量形成特性的影响初探[J].作物研究,2017,31(2):103-109.
[10]宋树慧.不同前茬对马铃薯生育及土壤特性的影响[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2014.
[11]周孚美,伍绍龙.秸秆腐熟剂对植烟土壤及后茬水稻的影响[J].浙江农业科学,2018,59(11):1997-1999.
[12]于高波,吴凤芝,周新刚.小麦、毛苕子与黄瓜轮作对土壤微生态环境及产量的影响[J].土壤学报,2011,48(1):175-184.
[13]不同前茬与施氮量对半干旱黄土高原夏玉米产量和土壤有机碳库的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2018,36(1):19-27.
[14]禚其翠,宋文静,董建新,等.不同前作对烟田土壤养分、酶活性及烤烟生长的影响[J].中国烟草科学,2018,39(1):64-71.
[15]郁蠢,王旭东.黄土高原不同耕作方式对土壤理化性质及作物产量的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2018,46(5):144-146.
[16]樊虎玲,郝明德,李志西.黄土高原旱地小麦-苜蓿轮作对小麦品质和子粒氨基酸含量的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2007,13(2):262-266.
[17]董云,张立峰,刘玉华,等.冀西北半干旱区作物与茬口的土壤水分效应[J].河北农业大学学报,2018,41(2):28-35.
[18]彭云,赵正雄,李忠环,等.不同前茬对烤烟生长、产量和品质的影响[J].作物学报,2010,36(2):335-340.
[19]柳维扬,张建国,赵湛,等.不同耕作方式对玉米生长发育的影响[J].塔里木大学学报,2006,18(1):6-9.
[20]KABIR Z,KOIDE R T.Effect of autumn and winter mycorrhizal cover crops on soil properties,nutrient uptake and yield of sweet maize in Pennsylvania,USA[J].Plant&Soil,2002,238(2):205-215.
[21]KIRKEGAARD J A,SIMPFENDORFER S,HOLLAND J,et al.Effect of previous crops on crown rot and yield of durum and bread wheat in northern NSW[J].Crop&Pasture Science,2004,55(3):321-334.
[2]孔凡磊,陈阜,张海林,等.轮耕对土壤物理性状和冬小麦产量的影响[J].农业工程学报,2010,26(8):150-155.
[3]邵云,王敬婼,冯荣成,等.耕作方式和有机物料还田对小麦叶片光合特性及产量的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2018,46(11):69-73.
[4]杜聪阳,杨习文,王勇,等.不同耕作方式及施氮水平对砂姜黑土物理性状、微生物学特性及小麦产量的影响[J].河南农业科学,2017,46(8):19-27.
[5]张明君,李玲玲,谢军红,等.不同耕作方式对陇中旱农区春小麦和豌豆根系空间分布及产量的影响[J].应用生态学报,2017(12):3917-3925.
[6]朱敏,石云翔,孙志友,等.秸秆还田与旋耕对川中土壤物理性状及玉米机播质量的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2017,25(7):1025-1033.
[7]褚鹏飞,于振文,王东,等.耕作方式对小麦耗水特性和籽粒产量的影响[J].中国农业科学,2010,43(19):3954-3964.
[8]SIJTSMA C H,CAMPHELL A J,MCLAUGHLIN N B.Comparative tillage costs for crop rotation utilizing minimum tillage on a farm scale[J].Soil and Tillage Research,1998,49(3):223-231.
[9]谷子寒,王元元,帅泽宇,等.土壤耕作方式对水稻产量形成特性的影响初探[J].作物研究,2017,31(2):103-109.
[10]宋树慧.不同前茬对马铃薯生育及土壤特性的影响[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2014.
[11]周孚美,伍绍龙.秸秆腐熟剂对植烟土壤及后茬水稻的影响[J].浙江农业科学,2018,59(11):1997-1999.
[12]于高波,吴凤芝,周新刚.小麦、毛苕子与黄瓜轮作对土壤微生态环境及产量的影响[J].土壤学报,2011,48(1):175-184.
[13]不同前茬与施氮量对半干旱黄土高原夏玉米产量和土壤有机碳库的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2018,36(1):19-27.
[14]禚其翠,宋文静,董建新,等.不同前作对烟田土壤养分、酶活性及烤烟生长的影响[J].中国烟草科学,2018,39(1):64-71.
[15]郁蠢,王旭东.黄土高原不同耕作方式对土壤理化性质及作物产量的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2018,46(5):144-146.
[16]樊虎玲,郝明德,李志西.黄土高原旱地小麦-苜蓿轮作对小麦品质和子粒氨基酸含量的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2007,13(2):262-266.
[17]董云,张立峰,刘玉华,等.冀西北半干旱区作物与茬口的土壤水分效应[J].河北农业大学学报,2018,41(2):28-35.
[18]彭云,赵正雄,李忠环,等.不同前茬对烤烟生长、产量和品质的影响[J].作物学报,2010,36(2):335-340.
[19]柳维扬,张建国,赵湛,等.不同耕作方式对玉米生长发育的影响[J].塔里木大学学报,2006,18(1):6-9.
[20]KABIR Z,KOIDE R T.Effect of autumn and winter mycorrhizal cover crops on soil properties,nutrient uptake and yield of sweet maize in Pennsylvania,USA[J].Plant&Soil,2002,238(2):205-215.
[21]KIRKEGAARD J A,SIMPFENDORFER S,HOLLAND J,et al.Effect of previous crops on crown rot and yield of durum and bread wheat in northern NSW[J].Crop&Pasture Science,2004,55(3):321-334.