水曲柳轻基质容器苗菌根化生长效应
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摘要
【目的】菌根真菌可有效的促进植物生长,提高植物抗性,在林业上具有广泛的应用前景。探索菌根真菌在水曲柳育苗中的合理应用,阐明单一接菌和混合接菌对苗木生长的影响,有助于更好地利用菌种资源,高效优质培育水曲柳菌根化轻基质容器苗。【方法】选用6种菌源[摩西球囊霉菌、幼套球囊霉菌、摩+幼(摩西球囊霉菌和幼套球囊霉菌混合接菌)、水曲柳纯林林下腐殖质、落叶松纯林林下腐殖质、水曲柳落叶松混交林下腐殖质]接种水曲柳轻基质苗,并以非接菌苗为对照。在生长结束后分析水曲柳轻基质菌根化苗木生长及根系发育差异。【结果】接菌可显著促进苗木生长,提高苗木质量。混合接菌比单一接菌更有助于提高苗木生物量。摩+幼混合接菌处理下苗高比对照高出31.22%;水曲柳落叶松混交林下腐殖质处理苗木地径、叶面积分别比对照高出21.52%、55.13%。混合接菌可以显著促进水曲柳轻基质苗根系发育,增大水曲柳根系直径、根系表面积、根系体积、根尖数量、细胞直径、维管束直径及皮层厚度。混合接菌时菌丝侵染率显著提高的同时,菌丝侵入皮层的层数也增加。【结论】接菌可显著促进水曲柳轻基质容器苗生长。与单一菌种相比,混合接菌对苗木生长及菌根发育具有更好的促进作用。摩+幼混合接菌及水落混交林下腐殖质接菌效果更优。
【Objective】 Mycorrhizal fungi can promote plant growth, and improve plant resistance to stresses. Thus, mycorrhizae have greatly application potential in forestry. In this study, our aims are to:(1) explore the rational application of mycorrhizal fungi in the cultivation of Fraxinus mandshurica seedlings.(2) investigate the effects of single and mixed inoculations on the growth of F. mandshurica seedlings in light culture media.【Method】 Six inoculations(Glomus mosseae, Glomus etunicatum, mixed inoculation of Glomus mosseae and Glomus etunicatum, humus from Larix gmelinii, F. mandshurica, and their mixed stands, respectively) were used to cultivate F. mandshurica seedlings on light culture media, with non-mycorrhizal seedlings as CK. Effects of inoculations on the root development and seedling growths of F. mandshurica cultivated in light culture media were investigated over the growth season. 【Result】 Results showed that the inoculations were able to promote the growth of F. mandshurica seedlings and improve the seedling qualities. Mixed inoculations had better effects than the single ones and the control. The seedling height under G. mosseae and G. etunicatu mixed treatment was 31.22% higher than the CK. Basal diameters and leaf areas of seedlings inoculated by humus from the mixed stands were 21.52% and 55.13% greater than the CK, respectively. Mycorrhizal inoculations were able to increase the biomass of the roots, stems and leaves of F. mandshurica seedlings cultivated in light culture media. Seedling biomass of the seedlings by the mixed inoculation of G. mosseae and G. etunicatu increased much more than that of seedlings with single inoculation(i.e., G.mosseae and G. etunicatu, respectively). Mycorrhizal inoculation promoted root growth of F. mandshurica seedlings by increasing their root diameters, root superficial areas, root volumes, numbers of root apexes, cell diameters, vascular diameters and layers of cortex parenchyma. 【Conclusion】 Mycorrhizal inoculation obviously promoted the growth of F. mandshurica seedlings cultivated in light culture media. Compared with single inoculation, the mixed inoculation of G. mosseae and G. etunicatu and Larch and ash mixed stand humus showed better effects on the seedlings.
【Objective】 Mycorrhizal fungi can promote plant growth, and improve plant resistance to stresses. Thus, mycorrhizae have greatly application potential in forestry. In this study, our aims are to:(1) explore the rational application of mycorrhizal fungi in the cultivation of Fraxinus mandshurica seedlings.(2) investigate the effects of single and mixed inoculations on the growth of F. mandshurica seedlings in light culture media.【Method】 Six inoculations(Glomus mosseae, Glomus etunicatum, mixed inoculation of Glomus mosseae and Glomus etunicatum, humus from Larix gmelinii, F. mandshurica, and their mixed stands, respectively) were used to cultivate F. mandshurica seedlings on light culture media, with non-mycorrhizal seedlings as CK. Effects of inoculations on the root development and seedling growths of F. mandshurica cultivated in light culture media were investigated over the growth season. 【Result】 Results showed that the inoculations were able to promote the growth of F. mandshurica seedlings and improve the seedling qualities. Mixed inoculations had better effects than the single ones and the control. The seedling height under G. mosseae and G. etunicatu mixed treatment was 31.22% higher than the CK. Basal diameters and leaf areas of seedlings inoculated by humus from the mixed stands were 21.52% and 55.13% greater than the CK, respectively. Mycorrhizal inoculations were able to increase the biomass of the roots, stems and leaves of F. mandshurica seedlings cultivated in light culture media. Seedling biomass of the seedlings by the mixed inoculation of G. mosseae and G. etunicatu increased much more than that of seedlings with single inoculation(i.e., G.mosseae and G. etunicatu, respectively). Mycorrhizal inoculation promoted root growth of F. mandshurica seedlings by increasing their root diameters, root superficial areas, root volumes, numbers of root apexes, cell diameters, vascular diameters and layers of cortex parenchyma. 【Conclusion】 Mycorrhizal inoculation obviously promoted the growth of F. mandshurica seedlings cultivated in light culture media. Compared with single inoculation, the mixed inoculation of G. mosseae and G. etunicatu and Larch and ash mixed stand humus showed better effects on the seedlings.
引文
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杜蕊,郑红娟,贾桂霞. 2012. 北美蓝云杉菌根化育苗技术研究. 北京林业大学学报, 34(1):70-74.(Du R,Zheng H J,Jia G X. 2012. Seedling cultivation of Picea pungens with mycorrhizalfung. Journal of Beijing Forestry University,34(1):70-74. [in Chinese])
范继红. 2006. 黄檗丛枝菌根生理生态学研究. 哈尔滨:东北林业大学博士学位论文.(Fan J H. 2006. Ecological and physiological research on VA mycorrhizas of Amur Cork-tree. Harbin:PhD thesis of Northeast Forestry University. [in Chinese])
郭渊. 2007. 菌根化苗木造林试验研究. 杨凌:西北农林科技大学硕士学位论文.(Guo Y. 2007. Afforestation mycorrhizal seedlings of the pilot study. Yangling:MS thesis of Northwest A&F University. [in Chinese])
洪文君,莫惠芝,方素琴,等2017. 接种光合菌和菌根菌对圆叶乌桕幼苗生长的影响. 西南农业学报,30(1):129-133.(Hong W J,Mo H Z,Fang S Q,et al. 2017.Effects of inoculation with photosynthetic bacteria and AMF on growth of Triadica rotundifolia. Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences,30(1):129-133. [in Chinese])
黄华成,唐光大,罗晓莹,等. 2005. 三种球囊霉属真菌对盆栽术薯生长影响.华南农业大学学报,26(4):44- 47.(Huang H C,Tang G D,Luo X Y,et al. 2005. The effects of three Glomus fungi on growth of Manihot esculenta. Journal of South China Agricultural University,26(4):44- 47. [in Chinese])
李滢,张宝琴. 2010. 油松菌根容器苗培育及造林技术. 内蒙古林业,(3):22.(Li Y,Zhang B Q. 2010. Cultivation and afforestation techniques of Pinus koraiensis root container seedlings. Inner Mongolia Forestry,(3):22.[in Chinese])
刘建福,张勇,谢丽源,等. 2005. 丛枝菌根真菌对澳洲坚果幼苗的生长效应.热带作物学报,26(3):16-19.(Liu J F,Zhang Y,Xie L Y,et al. 2005. The growth effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on macadamia seedlings. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops,26(3):16-19. [in Chinese])
刘润进,陈应龙. 2007. 菌根学. 北京:科学出版社.(Liu R J,Chen Y L. 2007. Mycorrhizal. Beijing: Science Press.
龙良鲲,黎志坤,姚青,等. 2009. 番茄菌根化育苗及对青枯病的防治试验. 中国蔬菜,1(4):52-55.(Long L K,Li Z K,Yao Q,et al. 2009. Tomato mycorrhizal seedling and its control experiment on bacterial wilt. China Vegetables,1(4):52-55. [in Chinese])
马放,李哲,王立,等. 2013. 丛枝菌根真菌对农药三环唑的残留减量研究. 哈尔滨工业大学学报,45(4):58-63.(Ma F,Li Z,Wang L,et al. 2013. Research of residue reduction of AMF to tricyclazole. Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,45(4):58-63.[in Chinese])
任禛,韩丽,张永福,等. 2015. 不同丛枝菌根真菌对玉米生长生理的影响. 江苏农业科学,43(5):63-66.(Ren Z,Han L,Zhang Y F,et al. 2015. Effects of different arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on growth physiology of maize. Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences,43(5):63-66. [in Chinese])
宋圆圆,夏明,林熠斌,等. 2018. 丛枝菌根真菌摩西管柄囊霉侵染增强番茄对机械损伤的响应. 应用生态学报,29(11): 3811-3818.Song Y Y,Xia M,Lin Y, et al. 2018. Colonization with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Funneliformis mosseae enhanced the responses of tomato plants to mechanical wounding.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,29(11): 3811-3818.
孙玥. 2007. 菌根和施肥对水曲柳和落叶松人工林一级细根形态的影响. 哈尔滨:东北林业大学硕士学位论文.(Sun Y. 2007. Effects of mycorrhiza and fertilization on the morphology of fine roots in ash and larch plantations. Harbin:MS thesis of Northeast Forestry University. [in Chinese])
汤园园. 2015. 水曲柳轻基质容器苗基质筛选及养分管理. 哈尔滨:东北林业大学硕士学位论文.(Tang Y Y, 2015. Matrix screening and nutrient management of ash. Harbin:MS thesis of Northeast Forestry University. [in Chinese])
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