中心管管径变化对浮标波能转换性能的影响分析
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摘要
为了探究中心管管径变化对振荡水柱式波能发电装置能量转化性能的影响,从提高波力发电装置的能量转换效率方面,设计了一种中心管结构,对其上下部分管径取3组比值,采用流体力学仿真软件和网格划分软件对三组模型进行数值模拟计算并在造波水池中进行能量转换效率误差分析。结果表明,直管型中心管能量俘获宽度比仿真结果和实验数据最高值分别为10. 6%、9. 8%,虽然俘获宽度比出现了双峰值,但波峰不高且波谷较低;管径比为5/7和3/7的阶梯型中心管能量俘获宽度比仿真值和试验值分别为15. 7%、15. 2%和17. 6%、16. 4%,阶梯型中心管能量转换效率优于直管型中心管,且都出现了双峰值和较高的波谷。在实际运行中,采用阶梯型中心管可有效提升波能发电装置的能量转化效率,且中心管管径比r_2/r_1越小,其效率提升越明显。考虑到装置的结构合理性,中心管具体尺寸应视实际情况取值。研究成果能够为新型波浪浮标的设计提供理论依据。
In order to explore the effect of central pipe diameter variation on the energy conversion performance of oscillating water column wave power generating unit,a central tube structure is designed from the point of improving the energy conversion efficiency of the wave power generating unit. 3 sets ofthe upper and lower parts of the pipe diameter ratio are selected,and the fluid dynamics simulation software and grid division software are used to simulate the 3 groups of models and analyze the efficiency error of energy conversion in the wave-making flume. The result shows that the maximum values of energy capture width ratio of the simulation result and experimental data are 10. 6% and 9. 8% respectively. The wave crest is not high and the trough area is much lower though there is the double peak in capture width ratio. The simulation and test resultof 5/7 and 3/7 diameter ratio are15. 7% and 15. 2%,17. 6% and 16. 4% respectively. The energy conversion efficiency of ladder type central tube is superior to the straight type central tube,while the double peak and high trough appears in all the types. In the actual operation,the laddertype central tube can effectively improve the energy conversion efficiency of wave power generation device,and the energy conversion efficiency will also improve with the decreased of the diameter ratio. Considering the rationality of the structure of the device,the size of the central tube should select based on actual conditions. The result canprovide the theoretical basis for the design of the new wave buoy.
In order to explore the effect of central pipe diameter variation on the energy conversion performance of oscillating water column wave power generating unit,a central tube structure is designed from the point of improving the energy conversion efficiency of the wave power generating unit. 3 sets ofthe upper and lower parts of the pipe diameter ratio are selected,and the fluid dynamics simulation software and grid division software are used to simulate the 3 groups of models and analyze the efficiency error of energy conversion in the wave-making flume. The result shows that the maximum values of energy capture width ratio of the simulation result and experimental data are 10. 6% and 9. 8% respectively. The wave crest is not high and the trough area is much lower though there is the double peak in capture width ratio. The simulation and test resultof 5/7 and 3/7 diameter ratio are15. 7% and 15. 2%,17. 6% and 16. 4% respectively. The energy conversion efficiency of ladder type central tube is superior to the straight type central tube,while the double peak and high trough appears in all the types. In the actual operation,the laddertype central tube can effectively improve the energy conversion efficiency of wave power generation device,and the energy conversion efficiency will also improve with the decreased of the diameter ratio. Considering the rationality of the structure of the device,the size of the central tube should select based on actual conditions. The result canprovide the theoretical basis for the design of the new wave buoy.
引文
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[2]段春明,朱永强.一种新型振荡水柱式波浪能发电装置的设计[J].上海海洋大学学报,2013,22(3):446-451.
[3]吴藻华,夏洪峰,戴李民.浮体形状对波能转换浮标性能的影响[J].海洋工程,1984(4):59-62.
[4] WHITTAKER T J,MCILHAGGER D S,BARR A G. Wells turbinesfor navigation buoys[M]//TWIDELL J,RIDDOCH F,GRAINGERB,eds. Energy for rural and island communities. Oxford:Pergamon,1984:289-297.
[5]何明楷,陈加菁,蔡丽华,等.选择大型波力发电灯浮标最佳参数的试验研究[J].海洋工程,1987(4):84-90.
[6]黄国樑,冯伯俊,刘天威,等.改进波浪发电浮标性能的试验研究[J].海洋工程,1994(1):104-110.
[7]李猛,陈天祥,伍儒康,等.中心管底部形状对浮标波能转换性能影响的实验研究[J].新能源进展,2016,4(1):15-19.
[8]吴必军,李猛,陈天祥,等.改进型中心管模型能量转换性能试验及样机设计[J].海洋工程,2017,35(1):97-104.
[9]梁贤光,杨光宇,吴海,等. BD102G型航标用波力发电装置研制[J].可再生能源,2014,32(12):1933-1938.
[10]杜诚,徐敏义,米建春.雷诺数对圆形渐缩喷嘴湍流射流的影响[J].物理学报,2010,59(9):6331-6338.
[11]林军,吴星辰,刘莲,等.三峡工程调蓄水对长江口外海浮游植物生态动力过程影响的数值模拟[J].上海海洋大学学报,2017,26(6):909-920.
[12]王瑞利,闫伟,林忠,等.数值求解中网格自适应加密和合并技术的研究[J].数值计算与计算机应用,2004(2):145-154.
[13]梁贤光,王伟,杜彬,等.后弯管波力发电浮标模型性能试验研究[J].海洋工程,1997(3):78-87.