纳米SiO_2表面改性对复合减阻剂应用性能的影响
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摘要
针对聚a烯烃减阻剂在应用过程中易发生剪切降解的问题,基于聚合物基纳米复合材料与纳米SiO_2/聚a烯烃复合减阻材料前期研究成果,分析硅烷偶联剂KH550质量分数和体系温度对纳米SiO_2表面改性效果的影响。表面羟基数和吸油值表征测试结果表明:当KH550质量分数为15%、体系温度为50℃时,可以获得表面羟基少、吸油量大的改性纳米SiO_2粒子。采用旋转圆盘和减阻剂环道测试纳米复合减阻剂的应用性能,结果表明:改性纳米粒子可以更好地与聚a烯烃相互作用形成复合减阻材料,经圆盘剪切和离心泵2次剪切,复合减阻材料表现出更为优异的抗剪切性能。通过开展纳米SiO_2粒子改性条件研究和减阻性能测试,得出结论:相比聚a烯烃减阻剂,纳米复合减阻材料的减阻性能和抗剪切性能明显提高。
Poly α-olefin drag reducing agent(DRA) tends to suffer shear degradation in the process of its application. In this paper, the effects of the mass fraction of coupling agent KH550 and system temperature on the surface modification of nano-SiO_2 were investigated on the basis of the previous study on the polymer based nano-composite and nano-SiO_2/poly α-olefin DRA. Surface hydroxy number and oil adsorption value were used to characterize the test results and it is shown that modified nano-SiO_2 particles with less surface hydroxy and more oil adsorption are generated when the KH550 mass fraction is 15% and the system temperature is 50 ℃. The application performance of nano-DRA was tested by means of rotating disk and DRA loop test. It is revealed that the modified nano-SiO_2 particles can interact better with poly α-olefin to generate the composite DRA and the shear resistance of composite DRA is much better after it is sheared by the rotary disk and twice by the centrifugal pump. And it is indicated by the investigation on the modification conditions of nano-SiO_2 particles and the tests on drag reducing performance that composite nano-DRA is better on the performances of drag reduction and shear resistance than that of poly α-olefin DRA.
Poly α-olefin drag reducing agent(DRA) tends to suffer shear degradation in the process of its application. In this paper, the effects of the mass fraction of coupling agent KH550 and system temperature on the surface modification of nano-SiO_2 were investigated on the basis of the previous study on the polymer based nano-composite and nano-SiO_2/poly α-olefin DRA. Surface hydroxy number and oil adsorption value were used to characterize the test results and it is shown that modified nano-SiO_2 particles with less surface hydroxy and more oil adsorption are generated when the KH550 mass fraction is 15% and the system temperature is 50 ℃. The application performance of nano-DRA was tested by means of rotating disk and DRA loop test. It is revealed that the modified nano-SiO_2 particles can interact better with poly α-olefin to generate the composite DRA and the shear resistance of composite DRA is much better after it is sheared by the rotary disk and twice by the centrifugal pump. And it is indicated by the investigation on the modification conditions of nano-SiO_2 particles and the tests on drag reducing performance that composite nano-DRA is better on the performances of drag reduction and shear resistance than that of poly α-olefin DRA.
引文
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[2]ABDULBARI H A,YUNUS R M,ABDURAHMAN A H,et al.Going against the flow-A review of non-additive means of drag reduction[J].Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry,2013,19(1):27-36.
[3]ABUBAKAR A,AL-WAHAIBI T,AL-WAHAIBI Y,et al.Roles of drag reducing polymers in single-and multi-phase flows[J].Chemical Engineering Research and Design,2014,92:2153-2181.
[4]朱军,李毕忠.聚合物/无机纳米复合材料研究进展[J].化工新型材料,2000,28(10):3-10.ZHU J,LI B Z.Polymer/inorganic nanocomposite materials research progress[J].Chemical New Materials,2000,28(10):3-10.
[5]柯扬船,皮特·斯壮.聚合物-无机纳米复合材料[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2003:43-46.KE Y C,STRONG P.Polymer-inorganic nanocomposite materials[M].Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2003:43-46.
[6]束华东,李小红,张治军.表面修饰纳米二氧化硅及其与聚合物的作用[J].化学进展,2008,20(10):1059-1514.SHU H D,LI X H,ZHANG Z J.Surface modification of nano silica and its interaction with the polymer[J].Progress in Chemistry,2008,20(10):1059-1514.
[7]BURGEAT L E,ESPIARD P H,GUYOT P A.Ethyl acrylate latexes encapsulating nanoparticles of silica:Functionalization and dispersion of silica[J].Polymer,1995,36(23):4385-4389.
[8]曾秀妮.聚合物/纳米二氧化硅复合材料的制备、应用的有关中国专利(CN)分析[J].塑料助剂,2014,105(3):5-11.ZENG X N.Analysis for production and application of polymer/nano Si O2 composite about the related Chinese patent(CN)[J].Plastic Additives,2014,105(3):5-11.
[9]FUKUYAMA Y,KAWAI T,KURODA S,et al.The effect of the addition of polypropylene grafted Si O2 nanoparticle on the crystallization behavior of isotactic polypropylene[J].Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry,2013,113:1511-1519.
[10]TANIIKE T,TOYONAGA M,TERANO M.Polypropylenegrafted nanoparticles as a promising strategy for boosting physical properties of polypropylene-based nanocomposites[J].Polymer,2014,55:1012-1019.
[11]CHEN J H,RONG M Z,RUAN W H,et al.A comparative study of nanosilica/poly(propylene)composites prepared by reactive compatibilization[J].Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics,2008,209(17):1826-1835.
[12]STOJANOVIC D B,ORLOVIC A,ZRILIC M,et al.The effects of functionalization on the thermal and tribo-mechanical behaviors of neat and grafted polyethylene nanocomposites[J].Polymer&Polymer Composite,2013,34(10):1710-1719.
[13]郭旭,代晓东,宋林花,等.聚合物基纳米复合材料作为油品减阻剂的相关分析[J].油气储运,2013,32(10):1037-1042.GUO X,DAI X D,SONG L H,et al.Polymer-nanoparticle composites as oil correlation analysis of drag reduction agent[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2013,32(10):1037-1042.
[14]代晓东,杨法杰,郭海峰,等.一种聚合物基微观复合减阻聚合物的制备方法:CN 201110240554.5[P].2013-04-24.DAI X D,YANG F J,GUO H F,et al.A polymer-based micro compound preparation methods of polymer drag reduction:CN201110240554.5[P].2013-04-24.
[15]代晓东,郭旭,李国平,等.复合油品减阻剂初步合成及性能测试[J].油气储运,2016,35(10):1078-1082,DAI X D,GUO X,LI G P,et al.Compound oil drag reduction agent preliminary synthesis and performance test[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2016,35(10):1078-1082.
[16]单薇.纳米Si O2粒子的表面改性及异丁二烯/Si O2纳米复合材料的制备[D].大连:大连理工大学,2006:28-35.SHAN W.The surface modification of Si O2 nanoparticles and preparation of the butadiene/Si O2 nanocomposites[D].Dalian:Dalian University of Technology,2006:28-35.
[17]柳冈.硅藻土有机改性及应用的研究[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2011:40-46.LIU G.Study on the diatomite surface organic modification and its application[D].Beijing:China University of Geosciences(Beijing),2011:40-46.
[18]黄启玉,王培伟,刘丽飞.减阻剂室外埋地评价环道及瞬态模型[J].油气储运,2013,32(8):863-867.HUANG Q Y,WANG P W,LIU L F.Research on DRA outdoor buried test loop and transient model[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2013,32(8):863-867.
[19]KIM C A,KIM J T,LEE K,et al.Mechanical degradation of dilute polymer solutions under turbulent flow[J].Polymer,2000,41:7611-7615.
[20]LEE K H,LIM C A,LIM S T,et al.Mechanical degradation of polyisobutylene under turbulent flow[J].Colloid and Polymer Science,2002,280:779-782.
[21]LEE K H,ZHANG K,CHOI H J.Time dependence of turbulent drag reduction efficiency of polyisobutylene in kerosene[J].Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry,2010,16:499-502.