裸果木种群遗传多样性特点及与地理气候因子关联研究
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摘要
本文利用ISSR标记技术,选取15对引物,对分布于西北荒漠区12个裸果木种群的遗传多样性以及与地理气候因子的相关性进行了分析。结果表明:群体内多态性位点百分率(PPL)为88.81%,种群水平为69.93%;Nei’s基因多样性指数(He)变化范围为0.2356~0.2697,Shannom信息指数(I)变化范围为0.3509~0.4057,具较高的遗传多样性水平。基因分化系数(Gst)为0.2790,种群间遗传分化较小,种群内存有丰富的遗传变异。经Mantel检验,种群遗传距离与地理距离有相关性(R2=0.2144)。利用NTSYSpc-2.1软件进行UPGMA法聚类,各种群样品间的遗传相似系数在0.81~0.99之间,按照遗传距离远近,裸果木12个种群可分为4大类群。经相关性分析,种群遗传多样性与纬度、海拔存在正相关(P<0.05)与年均温存在负相关(P<0.05)。
To study 12 species of Gymnocarpos przewalskii in Northwest desert area,15 pairs of primers selected by ISSR marker were used to analyze the correlation of genetic diversity and geographic and climatic factors.The results showed that the polymorphic loci percentage(PPL)was 88.81%,the population level was 69.93%;and the variation range of Nei's gene diversity index(He)was 0.2356~0.2697.The variation range of Shannon's Information index(I)was 0.3509~0.4057,which indicated high genetic diversity.The coefficient of gene differentiation(Gst)was 0.2790,with a small genetic differentiation between each group and a rich genetic variation in group.Mantel test showed that the population genetic distance was related to geographical distance(R~2=0.2144).Using the ntsyspc-2.1 software to do the unweighted averages(UPGMA)cluster analysis,the genetic similarity coefficient for each group ranged from 0.81 to 0.99.According to the genetic distance,12 Gymnocarpos przewalskii species divided into four groups.According to the correlation analysis,the latitude and altitude had a positive effect and average annual temperature had negative influence on the population genetic diversity.
To study 12 species of Gymnocarpos przewalskii in Northwest desert area,15 pairs of primers selected by ISSR marker were used to analyze the correlation of genetic diversity and geographic and climatic factors.The results showed that the polymorphic loci percentage(PPL)was 88.81%,the population level was 69.93%;and the variation range of Nei's gene diversity index(He)was 0.2356~0.2697.The variation range of Shannon's Information index(I)was 0.3509~0.4057,which indicated high genetic diversity.The coefficient of gene differentiation(Gst)was 0.2790,with a small genetic differentiation between each group and a rich genetic variation in group.Mantel test showed that the population genetic distance was related to geographical distance(R~2=0.2144).Using the ntsyspc-2.1 software to do the unweighted averages(UPGMA)cluster analysis,the genetic similarity coefficient for each group ranged from 0.81 to 0.99.According to the genetic distance,12 Gymnocarpos przewalskii species divided into four groups.According to the correlation analysis,the latitude and altitude had a positive effect and average annual temperature had negative influence on the population genetic diversity.
引文
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[20]张颖娟,王玉山.濒危小灌木长叶红砂种群的遗传多样性[J].林业科学,2008,44(12):43-47
[21]Ge X J,Yu Y,Zhao N X,et al.Genetic variation in the endangered Inner Mongolia endemic shrub Tetraena mongolica Maxim.(Zygophyllaceae)[J].Biological Conservation,2003,111(3):427-434
[22]Nybom H.Comparison of different nuclear DNA markers for estimating intraspecific genetic diversity in plants[J].Molecular ecology,2004,13(5):1143-1155
[23]Hamrick J L,Godt M J W.Effects of life history traits on genetic diversity in plant species[J].Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B:Biological Sciences,1996,351(1345):1291-1298
[24]贾舒雯.中国西北干旱区裸果木遗传多样性分析及裸果木属的进化历史研究[D].北京:中国科学院大学,2016
[25]吴征镒,王荷生.中国自然地理——植物地理[M].北京:科学出版社,1983
[26]Silwood Park U K,Dytham C,Perrin N.The evolutionary ecology of dispersal[J].Trends Ecol Evol,1999,14(3):88-90
[27]Slatkin M.Gene flow and the geographic structure of natural populations[J].Science(Washington),1987,236(4803):787-792
[28]Ma S M,Zhang M L,Sanderson S C.Phylogeography of the rare Gymnocarpos przewalskii(Caryophyllaceae):indications of multiple glacial refugia in north-western China[J].Australian Journal of Botany,2012,60(1):20-31
[29]Liu J,Miller M,Provan J,et al.Geological and ecological factors drive cryptic speciation of yews in a biodiversity hotspot[J].New Phytologist,2013,199(4):1093-1108
[30]Li Y,Zhai S N,Qiu Y X,et al.Glacial survival east and west of the‘Mekong–Salween Divide’in the Himalaya–Hengduan Mountains region as revealed by AFLPs and cpDNA sequence variation in Sinopodophyllum hexandrum(Berberidaceae)[J].Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution,2011,59(2):412-424
[31]Wang B,Mao J F,Zhao W,et al.Impact of geography and climate on the genetic differentiation of the subtropical pine Pinus yunnanensis[J].Plos One,2013,8(6):37-45
[32]Wu Z,Yu D,Wang Z,et al.Great influence of geographic isolation on the genetic differentiation of Myriophyllum spicatum under a steep environmental gradient[J].Scientific reports,2015,5(1):1-9
[33]Pope L C,Riginos C,Ovenden J,et al.Population genetic diversity in the Australian‘seascape’:a bioregion approach[J].Plos One,2015,10(9):1-10
[34]Yin H,Yan X,Shi Y,et al.The role of East Asian monsoon system in shaping population divergence and dynamics of a constructive desert shrub Reaumuria soongarica[J].Sci Rep-UK,2015,5(1):1-14
[35]Jump A S,Hunt J M,Martinez J A,et al.Natural selection and climate change:temperature‐linked spatial and temporal trends in gene frequency in Fagus sylvatica[J].Molecular Ecology,2006,15(11):3469-3480
[36]Semagn K,Bjornstad A,Stedje B,et al.Comparison of multivariate methods for the analysis of genetic resources and adaptation in Phytolacca dodecandra using RAPD[J].TAG Theoretical and Applied Genetics,2000,101(7):1145-1154
[2]刘媖心.中国沙漠植物志[M].北京:科学出版社,1985
[3]马松梅,张明理,张宏祥,等.利用最大熵模型和规则集遗传算法模型预测孑遗植物裸果木的潜在地理分布及格局[J].植物生态学报,2010,34(11):1327-1335
[4]柴永青,曹致中,蔡卓山,等.肃北地区稀有植物裸果木种群的空间分布格局[J].草业学报,2010,19(5):239-249
[5]王立龙,王亮,张丽芳,等.不同生境下濒危植物裸果木种群结构及动态特征[J].植物生态学报,2015,39(10):980-989
[6]Petrusson L,Thulin M.Taxonomy and biogeography of Gymnocarpos(Caryophyllaceae)[J].Edinburgh Journal of Botany,1996,53(01):1-26
[7]Oxelman B,Ahlgren B,Thulin M.Circumscription and phylogenetic relationships of Gymnocarpos(Caryophyllaceae-Paronychioideae)[J].Edinburgh Journal of Botany,2002,59(02):221-237
[8]李新蓉,唐欣,付文洁.荒漠孑遗植物裸果木的花部特征及繁育系统[J].生态学杂志,2016,35(10):2592-2598
[9]汪之波,高清祥,孙继周.稀有植物裸果木的组织培养及植株再生[J].西北植物学报,2004,24(7):1319-1321
[10]刘生龙,郭志中,王理德,等.裸果木引种栽培试验研究[J].中国沙漠,1995,15(1):88-91
[11]Gienapp P,Teplitsky C,Alho J S,et al.Climate change and evolution:disentangling environmental and genetic responses[J].Molecular ecology,2008,17(1):167-178
[12]Barrière A,Félix M A.High local genetic diversity and low outcrossing rate in Caenorhabditis elegans natural populations[J].Current Biology,2005,15(13):1176-1184
[13]Forrest A,Escudero M,Heuertz M,et al.Testing the hypothesis of low genetic diversity and population structure in narrow endemic species:the endangered Antirrhinum charidemi(Plantaginaceae)[J].Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society,2017,183(2):260-270
[14]Wang A,Zhou G,Lin C,et al.Genetic diversity study of Brassica campestris L.ssp.chinensis Makino based on ISSR markers[J].Caryologia,2017,70(1):48-54
[15]Sharma S S,Islam M A,Singh V K,et al.Genetic diversity,population structure and association study using TE-AFLP markers in Pongamia pinnata(L.)Pierre germplasm[J].Tree Genetics&Genomes,2017,13(1):6-12
[16]李金璐,王硕,于婧,等.一种改良的植物DNA提取方法[J].植物学报,2013,48(1):72-78
[17]Mousadik A,Petit R J.High level of genetic differentiation for allelic richness among populations of the argan tree(Argania spinosa)endemic to Morocco[J].TAG Theoretical and Applied Genetics,1996,92(7):832-839
[18]张永明,金洪,马万里,等.濒危植物绵刺8个种群遗传多样性的AFLP分析[J].生态学报,2009,29(5):2686-2693
[19]张杰,王佳,李浩宇,等.濒危植物蒙古扁桃不同地理种群遗传多样性的ISSR分析[J].生态学报,2012,32(14):4443-4452
[20]张颖娟,王玉山.濒危小灌木长叶红砂种群的遗传多样性[J].林业科学,2008,44(12):43-47
[21]Ge X J,Yu Y,Zhao N X,et al.Genetic variation in the endangered Inner Mongolia endemic shrub Tetraena mongolica Maxim.(Zygophyllaceae)[J].Biological Conservation,2003,111(3):427-434
[22]Nybom H.Comparison of different nuclear DNA markers for estimating intraspecific genetic diversity in plants[J].Molecular ecology,2004,13(5):1143-1155
[23]Hamrick J L,Godt M J W.Effects of life history traits on genetic diversity in plant species[J].Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B:Biological Sciences,1996,351(1345):1291-1298
[24]贾舒雯.中国西北干旱区裸果木遗传多样性分析及裸果木属的进化历史研究[D].北京:中国科学院大学,2016
[25]吴征镒,王荷生.中国自然地理——植物地理[M].北京:科学出版社,1983
[26]Silwood Park U K,Dytham C,Perrin N.The evolutionary ecology of dispersal[J].Trends Ecol Evol,1999,14(3):88-90
[27]Slatkin M.Gene flow and the geographic structure of natural populations[J].Science(Washington),1987,236(4803):787-792
[28]Ma S M,Zhang M L,Sanderson S C.Phylogeography of the rare Gymnocarpos przewalskii(Caryophyllaceae):indications of multiple glacial refugia in north-western China[J].Australian Journal of Botany,2012,60(1):20-31
[29]Liu J,Miller M,Provan J,et al.Geological and ecological factors drive cryptic speciation of yews in a biodiversity hotspot[J].New Phytologist,2013,199(4):1093-1108
[30]Li Y,Zhai S N,Qiu Y X,et al.Glacial survival east and west of the‘Mekong–Salween Divide’in the Himalaya–Hengduan Mountains region as revealed by AFLPs and cpDNA sequence variation in Sinopodophyllum hexandrum(Berberidaceae)[J].Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution,2011,59(2):412-424
[31]Wang B,Mao J F,Zhao W,et al.Impact of geography and climate on the genetic differentiation of the subtropical pine Pinus yunnanensis[J].Plos One,2013,8(6):37-45
[32]Wu Z,Yu D,Wang Z,et al.Great influence of geographic isolation on the genetic differentiation of Myriophyllum spicatum under a steep environmental gradient[J].Scientific reports,2015,5(1):1-9
[33]Pope L C,Riginos C,Ovenden J,et al.Population genetic diversity in the Australian‘seascape’:a bioregion approach[J].Plos One,2015,10(9):1-10
[34]Yin H,Yan X,Shi Y,et al.The role of East Asian monsoon system in shaping population divergence and dynamics of a constructive desert shrub Reaumuria soongarica[J].Sci Rep-UK,2015,5(1):1-14
[35]Jump A S,Hunt J M,Martinez J A,et al.Natural selection and climate change:temperature‐linked spatial and temporal trends in gene frequency in Fagus sylvatica[J].Molecular Ecology,2006,15(11):3469-3480
[36]Semagn K,Bjornstad A,Stedje B,et al.Comparison of multivariate methods for the analysis of genetic resources and adaptation in Phytolacca dodecandra using RAPD[J].TAG Theoretical and Applied Genetics,2000,101(7):1145-1154