大型海藻龙须菜抽提液对褶皱臂尾轮虫生命表参数的影响
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摘要
大型海藻富含多种活性物质,具有抗衰老等生物活性;轮虫是良好的潜在抗衰老研究模式生物。本研究以褶皱臂尾轮虫(Brachionus plicatilis)作为实验对象,研究了不同浓度的大型海藻龙须菜抽提液(0,250,500,750,1000 mg/L)和不同浓度的食物(蛋白核小球藻和普通小球藻)对褶皱臂尾轮虫生命表参数的影响。结果表明:与对照组相比,食物浓度为1.0×10~6个/mL蛋白核小球藻时,不同浓度龙须菜抽提液对轮虫产卵数、平均寿命、净生长率以及世代时间有显著促进效应(P<0.05);轮虫平均产卵数及寿命在龙须菜抽提液浓度750 mg/L处达到最高,分别为16只和13.9d(P<0.05)。食物浓度为2.0×10~6个/mL普通小球藻时,轮虫平均产卵数和寿命在抽提液浓度为500 mg/L处达到最高,分别为16只和13.6d(P<0.05),轮虫平均寿命和净生长率均有显著提高(P<0.05)。相同龙须菜抽提液浓度下,食物浓度为1.0×10~6个/mL蛋白核小球藻下轮虫的净生长率、世代时间均显著高于食物浓度为2.0×10~6个/mL蛋白核小球藻培养的轮虫(P<0.05);食物浓度为2.0×10~6个/mL时,普通小球藻培养轮虫的净生长率和世代时间均显著高于蛋白核小球藻实验组(P<0.05)。交互作用分析显示,龙须菜抽提液与小球藻的交互作用对褶皱臂尾轮虫的内禀增长率有显著影响(P<0.05)。研究结果表明,大型海藻龙须菜抽提液对褶皱臂尾轮虫的生长与生殖有促进作用,延长轮虫寿命。
Seaweed contains many kinds of active substances that have anti-aging bioactivities and rotifers are excellent models for studying the biology of aging. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of various concentrations of extract from the seaweed Gracilaria lemaneiformis(0, 250, 500, 750, and 1000 mg/L) on the life history parameters of the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis, fed two different food types(Chlorella pyrenoidosa and Chlorella vulgaris) at two concentrations(1.0×10~6 cells/mL and 2.0×10~6 cells/mL). With a food concentration of 1.0×10~6 cells/mL of C. vulgaris, G. lemaneiformis extract significantly increased the egg number, life span, net reproductive rate, and generation time of rotifers(P<0.05), with these parameters reaching their peak at a seaweed extract concentration of 750 mg/L. With a concentration of 2.0×10~6 cells/mL of C. pyrenoidosa as food, G. lemaneiformis extract significantly increased the life span and net reproductive rate of rotifers(P<0.05), with the egg number and life span reaching their peak at 500 mg/L. Under the same concentration of G. lemaneiformis extract, the net reproductive rate and generation time of rotifers fed C. vulgaris at a concentration of 1.0×10~6 cells/mL were significantly higher than those fed with the concentration of 2.0×10~6 cells/mL; the net reproductive rate and generation time of rotifers fed with C. pyrenoidosa were significantly higher than those fed with C. vulgaris at the concentration 2.0×10~6 cells/mL. The analysis showed that the interaction between the different concentrations of Gracilaria extract and different kinds of Chlorella had significant effects on the intrinsic rates of B. plicatilis. These results indicate that G. lemaneiformis extract could promote the growth and reproduction of B. plicatilis and extend its life span.
Seaweed contains many kinds of active substances that have anti-aging bioactivities and rotifers are excellent models for studying the biology of aging. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of various concentrations of extract from the seaweed Gracilaria lemaneiformis(0, 250, 500, 750, and 1000 mg/L) on the life history parameters of the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis, fed two different food types(Chlorella pyrenoidosa and Chlorella vulgaris) at two concentrations(1.0×10~6 cells/mL and 2.0×10~6 cells/mL). With a food concentration of 1.0×10~6 cells/mL of C. vulgaris, G. lemaneiformis extract significantly increased the egg number, life span, net reproductive rate, and generation time of rotifers(P<0.05), with these parameters reaching their peak at a seaweed extract concentration of 750 mg/L. With a concentration of 2.0×10~6 cells/mL of C. pyrenoidosa as food, G. lemaneiformis extract significantly increased the life span and net reproductive rate of rotifers(P<0.05), with the egg number and life span reaching their peak at 500 mg/L. Under the same concentration of G. lemaneiformis extract, the net reproductive rate and generation time of rotifers fed C. vulgaris at a concentration of 1.0×10~6 cells/mL were significantly higher than those fed with the concentration of 2.0×10~6 cells/mL; the net reproductive rate and generation time of rotifers fed with C. pyrenoidosa were significantly higher than those fed with C. vulgaris at the concentration 2.0×10~6 cells/mL. The analysis showed that the interaction between the different concentrations of Gracilaria extract and different kinds of Chlorella had significant effects on the intrinsic rates of B. plicatilis. These results indicate that G. lemaneiformis extract could promote the growth and reproduction of B. plicatilis and extend its life span.
引文
[1] 杨宇峰,费修绠.大型海藻对富营养化海水养殖区生物修复的研究与展望.青岛海洋大学学报,2003,33(1):53- 57.
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[3] Blunt J W,Copp B R,Keyzers R A,Munro M H G,Munro M R.Marine natural products.Natural Product Reports,2013,30(2):237- 323.
[4] 张颖,岑颖洲,黄日明,李药兰,张美英.南海七种海藻多糖的抗病毒活性初步研究.病毒学报,2006,22(4):282- 285.
[5] Snare D J,Fields A M,Snell T W,Kubanek J.Lifespan extension of rotifers by treatment with red algal extracts.Experimental Gerontology,2013,48(12):1420- 1427.
[6] Snell T W.Rotifers as models for the biology of aging.International Review of Hydrobiology,2014,99(1/2):84- 95.
[7] 张秋明.褶皱臂尾轮虫高密度培养与应用技术.中国水产,2006,(6):58- 60.
[8] 廖永岩.褶皱臂尾轮虫室内高密度培养及在远海梭子蟹育苗中的运用.海洋科学,2003,27(4):68- 71.
[9] 闫建忠,吕昌龙,李胜军,刘英杰,李季.紫菜多糖的免疫功能增强作用.中国海洋药物杂志,2005,24(4):36- 38.
[10] Shanab S M M,Mostafa S S M,Shalaby E A,Mahmoud G I.Aqueous extracts of microalgae exhibit antioxidant and anticancer activities.Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine,2012,2(8):608- 615.
[11] 张永雨,陈美珍,余杰,林元喜.龙须菜藻胆蛋白抗突变与抗肿瘤作用的研究.中国海洋药物杂志,2005,24(3):36- 38.
[12] McDermid K J,Stuercke B.Nutritional composition of edible Hawaiian seaweeds.Journal of Applied Phycology,2003,15(6):513- 524.
[13] 南春容,张海智,董双林.孔石莼水溶性抽提液抑制3种海洋赤潮藻的生长.环境科学学报,2004,24(4):702- 706.
[14] Birch L C.The intrinsic rate of natural increase of an insect population.Journal of Animal Ecology,1948,17(1):15- 26.
[15] Forbes V E,Calow P.Is the per capita rate of increase a good measure of population-level effects in ecotoxicology?Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry,1999,18(7):1544- 1556.
[16] 蔺丽丽,宋丹,陈玉珂,徐静,周敏,吴莉芳,王桂琴,张东鸣.饵料配比、接种密度及盐度对圆型臂尾轮虫种群增长和繁殖的影响.吉林农业大学学报,2010,32(4):453- 459.
[17] 董婧,于业辉,赵莹莹,卫侃韵,高海钰,李林.温度和食物对褶皱臂尾轮虫种群增长及繁殖的影响.现代畜牧兽医,2014,(4):35- 39.
[18] Pavon-Meza E L,Sarma S S S,Nandini S.Combined effects of algal (Chlorella vulgaris) food level and temperature on the demography of Brachionus havanaensis (Rotifera):a life table study.Hydrobiologia,2005,546(1):353- 360.
[19] 宁乐锋,席贻龙,孙强,周澳.温度和食物密度对裂足臂尾轮虫(Brachionus diversicornis)生命表统计学参数的影响.湖泊科学,2013,25(2):295- 301.
[20] 董丽丽,席贻龙,刘桂云,陈芳,葛雅丽,温新利.温度和食物浓度对三品系萼花臂尾轮虫实验种群动态的影响.应用生态学报,2004,15(11):2165- 2169.
[21] Sarma S S S,Nandini S.Life table demography and population growth of Brachionus variabilis Hempel,1896 in relation to Chlorella vulgaris densities.Hydrobiologia,2001,446(1):75- 83.
[22] 李香,张清靖,李凯.三种淡水藻类对萼花臂尾轮虫培养效果的比较.生态学报,2006,26(6):1739- 1744.
[23] 席贻龙,黄祥飞.食物种类和浓度对壶状臂尾轮虫实验种群动态的影响.水生生物学报,1999,23(3):227- 234.
[24] 陈琴.海藻在渔用饲料中的应用.水产养殖,2002,(6):36- 38.
[25] 芦雪,牛津,林黑着,陈旭,黄忠,王珺,王芸,江世贵.裙带菜在斑节对虾幼虾饲料中的适宜添加量.动物营养学报,2014,26(6):1496- 1502.
[26] Khan M N D,Yoshimatsu T,Kalla A,Araki T,Sakamoto S.Supplemental effect of Porphyra spheroplasts on the growth and feed utilization of black sea bream.Fisheries Science,2008,74(2):397- 404.
[27] 殷旭旺,李文香,白海锋,刘钢,周玮.不同海藻饲料对刺参幼参生长的影响.大连海洋大学学报,2015,30(3):276- 280.
[28] Yin X W,Min W W,Lin H J,Chen W.Population dynamics,protein content,and lipid composition of Brachionus plicatilis fed artificial macroalgal detritus and Nannochloropsis sp.diets.Aquaculture,2013,380- 383:62- 69.
[2] Smit A J.Medicinal and pharmaceutical uses of seaweed natural products:a review.Journal of Applied Phycology,2004,16(4):245- 262.
[3] Blunt J W,Copp B R,Keyzers R A,Munro M H G,Munro M R.Marine natural products.Natural Product Reports,2013,30(2):237- 323.
[4] 张颖,岑颖洲,黄日明,李药兰,张美英.南海七种海藻多糖的抗病毒活性初步研究.病毒学报,2006,22(4):282- 285.
[5] Snare D J,Fields A M,Snell T W,Kubanek J.Lifespan extension of rotifers by treatment with red algal extracts.Experimental Gerontology,2013,48(12):1420- 1427.
[6] Snell T W.Rotifers as models for the biology of aging.International Review of Hydrobiology,2014,99(1/2):84- 95.
[7] 张秋明.褶皱臂尾轮虫高密度培养与应用技术.中国水产,2006,(6):58- 60.
[8] 廖永岩.褶皱臂尾轮虫室内高密度培养及在远海梭子蟹育苗中的运用.海洋科学,2003,27(4):68- 71.
[9] 闫建忠,吕昌龙,李胜军,刘英杰,李季.紫菜多糖的免疫功能增强作用.中国海洋药物杂志,2005,24(4):36- 38.
[10] Shanab S M M,Mostafa S S M,Shalaby E A,Mahmoud G I.Aqueous extracts of microalgae exhibit antioxidant and anticancer activities.Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine,2012,2(8):608- 615.
[11] 张永雨,陈美珍,余杰,林元喜.龙须菜藻胆蛋白抗突变与抗肿瘤作用的研究.中国海洋药物杂志,2005,24(3):36- 38.
[12] McDermid K J,Stuercke B.Nutritional composition of edible Hawaiian seaweeds.Journal of Applied Phycology,2003,15(6):513- 524.
[13] 南春容,张海智,董双林.孔石莼水溶性抽提液抑制3种海洋赤潮藻的生长.环境科学学报,2004,24(4):702- 706.
[14] Birch L C.The intrinsic rate of natural increase of an insect population.Journal of Animal Ecology,1948,17(1):15- 26.
[15] Forbes V E,Calow P.Is the per capita rate of increase a good measure of population-level effects in ecotoxicology?Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry,1999,18(7):1544- 1556.
[16] 蔺丽丽,宋丹,陈玉珂,徐静,周敏,吴莉芳,王桂琴,张东鸣.饵料配比、接种密度及盐度对圆型臂尾轮虫种群增长和繁殖的影响.吉林农业大学学报,2010,32(4):453- 459.
[17] 董婧,于业辉,赵莹莹,卫侃韵,高海钰,李林.温度和食物对褶皱臂尾轮虫种群增长及繁殖的影响.现代畜牧兽医,2014,(4):35- 39.
[18] Pavon-Meza E L,Sarma S S S,Nandini S.Combined effects of algal (Chlorella vulgaris) food level and temperature on the demography of Brachionus havanaensis (Rotifera):a life table study.Hydrobiologia,2005,546(1):353- 360.
[19] 宁乐锋,席贻龙,孙强,周澳.温度和食物密度对裂足臂尾轮虫(Brachionus diversicornis)生命表统计学参数的影响.湖泊科学,2013,25(2):295- 301.
[20] 董丽丽,席贻龙,刘桂云,陈芳,葛雅丽,温新利.温度和食物浓度对三品系萼花臂尾轮虫实验种群动态的影响.应用生态学报,2004,15(11):2165- 2169.
[21] Sarma S S S,Nandini S.Life table demography and population growth of Brachionus variabilis Hempel,1896 in relation to Chlorella vulgaris densities.Hydrobiologia,2001,446(1):75- 83.
[22] 李香,张清靖,李凯.三种淡水藻类对萼花臂尾轮虫培养效果的比较.生态学报,2006,26(6):1739- 1744.
[23] 席贻龙,黄祥飞.食物种类和浓度对壶状臂尾轮虫实验种群动态的影响.水生生物学报,1999,23(3):227- 234.
[24] 陈琴.海藻在渔用饲料中的应用.水产养殖,2002,(6):36- 38.
[25] 芦雪,牛津,林黑着,陈旭,黄忠,王珺,王芸,江世贵.裙带菜在斑节对虾幼虾饲料中的适宜添加量.动物营养学报,2014,26(6):1496- 1502.
[26] Khan M N D,Yoshimatsu T,Kalla A,Araki T,Sakamoto S.Supplemental effect of Porphyra spheroplasts on the growth and feed utilization of black sea bream.Fisheries Science,2008,74(2):397- 404.
[27] 殷旭旺,李文香,白海锋,刘钢,周玮.不同海藻饲料对刺参幼参生长的影响.大连海洋大学学报,2015,30(3):276- 280.
[28] Yin X W,Min W W,Lin H J,Chen W.Population dynamics,protein content,and lipid composition of Brachionus plicatilis fed artificial macroalgal detritus and Nannochloropsis sp.diets.Aquaculture,2013,380- 383:62- 69.