陕西不同地区不同泌乳时期奶山羊乳成分分析
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摘要
试验旨在研究陕西三个不同地区不同泌乳时期的关中奶山羊乳常规营养成分的差异。选取健康,产奶量、体重及胎次接近的高产关中奶山羊139只(分别为凤翔县46只,淳化县50只,白水县43只)为研究对象,测定其乳脂率、乳蛋白、干物质、非脂固形物及乳糖的含量,从而对不同地区和不同泌乳时期山羊乳常规营养成分的相对含量进行对比。结果表明:3个地区奶山羊乳中乳脂率、乳蛋白、干物质和非脂固形物的含量差异不显著(P>0.05)。随着泌乳时间的延长,各地区奶山羊乳中乳脂率、乳蛋白、干物质、非脂固形物均呈现出先下降后上升的趋势;乳中乳糖含量则随着泌乳时间的增加而呈现下降的趋势。这些结果对于统一不同地区羊奶的收购提供了一定的理论依据。
The aim of the project was to analyze the milk nutrition difference of Guanzhong dairy goats at various stages in three different regions of Shaanxi province.A total of 139 healthy Guanzhong dairy goats(46 in Fengxiang county,50 in Chunhua county,43 in Baishui county)with similar milk yield,body weight,birth parity,and DIM were selected as the experiment animals to detect the relative content of milk fat,protein,dry matter,solids-not-fat(SNF)and lactose.The result showed that,in terms of the three regions,the content of milk fat,protein,dry matter and SNF in Fengxiang county were higher than the other two counties(P>0.05).The lactose content in the milk of Chunhua county got the highest position and followed by that of Fengxiang county.The relative content of lactose decreased significantly with the extent of lactation period in all the three regions(P<0.05),the other compositions decreased at first,and then increased with the lactation.These results will be beneficial for the utilization of goat milk in Shaanxi province.
The aim of the project was to analyze the milk nutrition difference of Guanzhong dairy goats at various stages in three different regions of Shaanxi province.A total of 139 healthy Guanzhong dairy goats(46 in Fengxiang county,50 in Chunhua county,43 in Baishui county)with similar milk yield,body weight,birth parity,and DIM were selected as the experiment animals to detect the relative content of milk fat,protein,dry matter,solids-not-fat(SNF)and lactose.The result showed that,in terms of the three regions,the content of milk fat,protein,dry matter and SNF in Fengxiang county were higher than the other two counties(P>0.05).The lactose content in the milk of Chunhua county got the highest position and followed by that of Fengxiang county.The relative content of lactose decreased significantly with the extent of lactation period in all the three regions(P<0.05),the other compositions decreased at first,and then increased with the lactation.These results will be beneficial for the utilization of goat milk in Shaanxi province.
引文
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[2]陈建明,冯建中,张居民.山羊奶营养及加工工艺特性[J].乳品加工,2009(4):42-45.
[3]MATTILA-SANDHOLM,T MYLLARINENA,P CRITTENDENA,et al.Technological challenges for future probiotic foods[J].International Dairy Journal,2002,12(2-3):173-182.
[4]买买提伊明·巴拉提,柳广斌,卡地尔·肉孜,等.多浪羊羊奶营养成分研究[J].中国草食动物,2009,29(2):62-63.
[5]刘书亮,袁春桥,杨冠东.雅安山羊乳与牛乳质量性状比较分析[J].肉品卫生,2000(10):4.
[6]昝林森.当前陕西奶业生产现状、问题及发展趋势与关键技术[J].黄牛杂志,2004,30(1):1.
[7]郭抗抗,张彦明,徐浩.关中奶山羊乳主要成分的质量分数及理化特性研究[J].中国乳品工业,2006,34(9):16-19.
[8]史淑艳,赵金山,程明,等.舍饲条件下崂山奶山羊乳成分变化规律[J].山东畜牧兽医,2006(7):7-8.
[9]SUTTON J D.Altering milk composition by feeding[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1898,72(10):2 801-2 814.
[10]KENNELLY J.J,ROBINSON B,KHORASANI G R.Influence of carbohydrate source and buffer on rumen fermentation characteristics,milk yield,and milk composition in latelactation Holstein cows[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1999,82(11):2 486-2 496
[11]赵柳,陈海峰.苜蓿干草对母牛产奶量及乳成份的影响研究[J].广东奶业,2006(4):10-11.
[12]王昆,张峰,林樱楠,等.苜蓿添加量对高产奶牛泌乳性能和乳成分的影响[J].饲料研究,2007(1):46-48.
[13]绳贺军,于紫微,樊睿,等.日粮中不同能量和蛋白水平对西农萨能奶山羊泌乳性能及乳成分的影响[C]∥第三届中国羊业发展大会论文集,2006:269-273.
[14]李歆,罗军,朱江江.不同能量和蛋白水平日粮对西农萨能奶山羊泌乳性能的影响[J].家畜生态学报,2013,34(3):30-35.
[15]李歆,罗军,朱江江.不同能量和蛋白水平日粮对西农萨能奶山羊产奶量及乳成分的影响[J].家畜生态学报,2012,33(4):38-42.
[16]Broderick G A.Effects of varying dietary protein and energy levels on the production of lactating dairy cows[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2003,86(4):1 370-1 381.
[17]刘锋,金曙光,马剑波.内蒙古不同地区不同季节牛乳常规营养成分的研究[J].中国畜牧兽医,2009,36(3):131-133.
[18]LIU H N,REN F Z,JIANG L,et al.Fatty acid profile of yak milk from the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in different seasons and for different parities[J].Journal Dairy Science,2011,94(4):1 724-1 731.
[19]刘桂要,杨云贵,曹社会,等.玉米秸秆和4种玉米青贮饲料的营养差异性分析[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2009,37(4):77-85.
[20]朱越,罗军,王龙坛.苹果渣青贮料对奶山羊产奶量及鲜奶品质的影响[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2010,9(1):70-72