聚碳酸亚丙酯型水性聚氨酯的合成与性能研究
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摘要
以聚碳酸亚丙酯多元醇(PPC)和异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)、乙二胺(EDA)为原料,制备了PPC型水性聚氨酯(PPCWPU)。研究了异氰酸酯指数、DMPA用量对水性聚氨酯乳液及其成膜后性能的影响,结果显示,当w(DMPA)为5%、异氰酸酯指数值为1.5时产品的综合性能最优,拉伸强度达到50MPa,断裂伸长率达到583%。实验表明,PPCWPU的强度和聚碳酸亚己酯型WPU相近,远远超过聚醚和聚酯型WPU,断裂伸长率处于聚醚和聚酯型WPU之间。PPCWPU还具有良好的耐热性,热分解失重5%的温度为271℃,和其他类型的水性聚氨酯相近。
Poly(propylene carbonate) waterborne polyurethane(PPCWPU) with good performance was synthesized with isophorone diisocyanate(IPDI), poly(propylene carbonate) polyols(PPC) and dimethylol propionic acid(DMPA) as raw materials. The effects of NCO/OH mole ratio(R) and DMPA dosages on the qualities of PPCWPU emulsion and film were investigated. The results showed that the optimum performance of WPU was achieved when DMPA dosage was 5% by mass and R was 1.5. The tensile strength and the elongation at break of PPCWPU were 50 MPa and 583%, respectively. It was found that the tensile strength of PPCWPU was similar to poly(hexamethylene carbonate) diols based WPU and stronger than polyether and polyester based WPU. The elongation at break of PPCWPU was between polyether and polyester based WPU. Moreover, PPCWPU had excellent thermostability,5% mass loss temperature was 271℃, which is similar to other types of waterborne polyurethane.
Poly(propylene carbonate) waterborne polyurethane(PPCWPU) with good performance was synthesized with isophorone diisocyanate(IPDI), poly(propylene carbonate) polyols(PPC) and dimethylol propionic acid(DMPA) as raw materials. The effects of NCO/OH mole ratio(R) and DMPA dosages on the qualities of PPCWPU emulsion and film were investigated. The results showed that the optimum performance of WPU was achieved when DMPA dosage was 5% by mass and R was 1.5. The tensile strength and the elongation at break of PPCWPU were 50 MPa and 583%, respectively. It was found that the tensile strength of PPCWPU was similar to poly(hexamethylene carbonate) diols based WPU and stronger than polyether and polyester based WPU. The elongation at break of PPCWPU was between polyether and polyester based WPU. Moreover, PPCWPU had excellent thermostability,5% mass loss temperature was 271℃, which is similar to other types of waterborne polyurethane.
引文
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[2]陈立班,黄斌.脂肪族聚碳酸酯多元醇的制备[P].CN:91109459,1992.
[3]刘化珍,王斌,李雅杰.内交联型聚碳酸亚丙酯水性聚氨酯的制备[J].精细化工,2014,31(4):515-519+544.
[4]张春华,赵靖敏,陈保国.聚醚型水性聚氨酯热分解动力学的研究[J].涂料工业,2012,42(2):23-25+35.
[5]陈伟彬,张嘉慧,刘保华.聚碳酸亚丙酯聚氨酯弹性体的合成与性能[J].高分子材料科学与工程,2014,30(11):1-5.
[6]陈伟彬.聚碳酸亚丙酯型聚氨酯材料的合成[D].广州:广东工业大学,2014.
[7]许戈文.水性聚氨酯材料[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2006:34-35.
[8]王尧.IPDI基水性聚氨酯的制备及性能研究[D].广州:华东理工大学,2012.
[9]林祥福,陈建福.水性聚氨酯乳液的粒径影响研究[J].染料与染色,2010,47(3):47-49.
[10]孙洁,贺江平,贾明静.聚酯型水性聚氨酯乳液性能影响因素的研究[J].印染助剂,2012,29(4):35-38.
[11]刘保华,张敏,余爱芳,等.聚碳酸亚丙酯多元醇的降解机理[J].高分子材料科学与工程,2004,03:76-79.
[12]杨淑英,彭汉,黄斌,等.改进CO2—环氧化物共聚物的热稳定性[J].石油化工,1993,11:730-734.
[13]Luinstra G A,Borchardt E.Material properties of poly(propylene carbonates)[M].Berlin Heidelberg:Springer Verlag,2012:29-48.
[14]Krol P.Synthesis methods,chemical structures and phase structures of linear polyurethanes:Properties and applications of linear polyurethanes in polyurethane elastomers,copolymers andionomers[J].Prog Mater Sci,2007,52:915-1015.
[15]安恩来,牟行翠,张小萍.有机硅改性水性聚氨酯乳液的表征及应用[J].染整技术,2014,1:18-20.
[16]魏芳妮,徐成书,邢建伟,等.改性阴离子型水性聚氨酯的制备[J].西安工程大学学报,2012,2:147-152.
[17]杨周杰.聚碳酸亚丙酯基阻燃涂层剂的开发与应用[D].西安:西安工程大学,2012.
[18]徐成书,田呈呈,邢建伟,等.膨胀型阻燃水性聚氨酯涂层胶的制备及应用[J].西安工程大学学报,2012,26(4):415-418+427.
[19]韩君,涂传亮,贺江平.水性聚氨酯薄膜的热重分析及热分解动力学的研究[J].聚氨酯,2010,24(7):64-66.
[20]孙启龙,黄少婵,李建宗,等.乙二胺扩链剂对水性聚氨酯性能的影响[J].中国胶粘剂,2005,14(10):1-5.
[21]张春华,赵靖敏,陈保国.聚醚型水性聚氨酯热分解动力学的研究[J].涂料工业,2012,42(2):23-25+35.