单束与双束串行激光填丝焊特性对比
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摘要
以铝合金为研究对象,研究了双束串行激光填丝焊不同能量比对焊缝成形及焊缝气孔率的影响,并与单束激光填丝焊工艺进行对比。进一步借助高速摄像机对双束串行激光填丝焊能量比R为20/80以及单束激光填丝焊的熔池、匙孔以及等离子体的变化进行对比分析,获得了双束串行激光填丝焊能量比R为20/80时焊缝气孔率降低的原因。结果表明,对于双束串行激光填丝焊,当能量比R为20/80时焊缝气孔率较低。与单束激光填丝焊相比,双束激光填丝焊能量比R为20/80的焊缝气孔率降低了38%,而且焊接过程中焊丝熔化后沿熔池边缘流入,可大幅降低对匙孔的冲击作用,匙孔始终处于张开状态,焊接过程中等离子体的形态波动相对较小,表明焊接过程的稳定性较好。
In this paper,the influence of different energy ratio on the aluminum alloy weld formation and the porosity during the dual-beam laser welding with filler wire was studied.And the comparison with the single-beam laser welding with filler wire process was studied.By using high speed camera,the shapes of molten pool,keyhole and plasma on the welding process were analyzed during the energy ratio R was 20/80 in tandem dual-beam laser welding with filler wire and the single-beam laser welding with filler wire.The reason for reducing the porosity of the weld was obtained when the energy ratio was 20/80 in tandem dual-beam laser welding with filler wire.The results showed that when the energy ratio R was 20/80,the weld porosity of the dual-beam laser welding with filler wire was low.Compared with single-beam laser welding with filler wire,when energy ratio R was 20/80 during dualbeam laser welding with filler wire,the weld porosity rate was decreased by 38%,and the melted liquid filler flowed along the edge of the molten pool could greatly reduce the impact for the keyhole,the keyhole was always in the open form in the welding process,the fluctuation of plasma shapes were relatively small,it showed that the stability of welding process was better.
In this paper,the influence of different energy ratio on the aluminum alloy weld formation and the porosity during the dual-beam laser welding with filler wire was studied.And the comparison with the single-beam laser welding with filler wire process was studied.By using high speed camera,the shapes of molten pool,keyhole and plasma on the welding process were analyzed during the energy ratio R was 20/80 in tandem dual-beam laser welding with filler wire and the single-beam laser welding with filler wire.The reason for reducing the porosity of the weld was obtained when the energy ratio was 20/80 in tandem dual-beam laser welding with filler wire.The results showed that when the energy ratio R was 20/80,the weld porosity of the dual-beam laser welding with filler wire was low.Compared with single-beam laser welding with filler wire,when energy ratio R was 20/80 during dualbeam laser welding with filler wire,the weld porosity rate was decreased by 38%,and the melted liquid filler flowed along the edge of the molten pool could greatly reduce the impact for the keyhole,the keyhole was always in the open form in the welding process,the fluctuation of plasma shapes were relatively small,it showed that the stability of welding process was better.
引文
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13 Xie J.Dual beam laser welding[J].Welding Journal,2002,81(10):223.
14 Peng J,Hu S M,Wang X X,et al.Effect of filler metal on three-dimensional transient behavior of keyholes and molten pools in laser welding[J].Chinese Journal of Lasers,2018,45(1):0102003(in Chinese).彭进,胡素梦,王星星,等.填材对激光焊接匙孔与熔池三维瞬态行为的影响[J].中国激光,2018,45(1):0102003.
15 Yu Y C.Study on the technology and filler wire melting dynamics during the laser welding with filler wire[D].Wuhan:Huazhong University of Science and Technology,2010:60(in Chinese).余阳春.激光填丝焊的焊丝熔入行为及工艺研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2010:60.
16 Salminen A.The filler wire-laser beam interaction during laser welding with low alloyed steel filler wire[J].Mechanika,2010,4(84):67.
2 Zhai Y F,Huang J,Li M,et al.Research on high speed high power CO2laser welding of 6061-T6Aluminum with filler wire[J].Chinese Journal of Lasers,2011,38(5):0503001(in Chinese).翟玉峰,黄坚,李敏,等.6061-T6铝合金高速高功率CO2激光填丝焊接性研究[J].中国激光,2011,38(5):0503001.
3 Peng J,Li L Q,Zhang R Z,et al.Study on aluminum alloy laser welding with pre-melted liquid filler by arc[J].Laser&Optoelectronics Progress,2017(6):169(in Chinese).彭进,李俐群,张瑞珠,等.铝合金电弧预熔丝激光焊工艺特性研究[J].激光与光电子学进展,2017(6):169.
4 Yang Z B,Tao W,Liu S,et al.Study on the characteristics of double-sided laser beam welding for T-joints[J].Chinese Journal of Lasers,2013,40(5):0503007(in Chinese).杨志斌,陶汪,刘申,等.T型接头双侧激光同步焊接特性研究[J].中国激光,2013,40(5):0503007.
5 Syed W U H,Li L.Effects of wire feeding direction and location in multiple layer diode laser direct metal deposition[J].Applied Surface Science,2005,248(1):518.
6 Yu Y C,Huang W,Wang G Z,et al.Investigation of melting dynamics of filler wire during wire feed laser welding[J].Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology,2013,27(4):1097.
7 Harooni M,Carlson B,Kovacevic R.Dual-beam laser welding of AZ31Bmagnesium alloy in zero-gap lap joint configuration[J].Optics&Laser Technology,2014,56:247.
8 Li L Q,Chen Y B,Tao W.Research on dual-beam welding characteristics of aluminum alloy[J].Chinese Journal of Lasers,2008,35(11):1783(in Chinese).李俐群,陈彦宾,陶汪.铝合金双光束焊接特性研究[J].中国激光,2008,35(11):1783.
9 Yang H F,Wang X Y,Wang W,et al.Process stability analysis of double beam laser welding of aluminum alloy[J].Transactions of the China Welding Institution,2016,37(6):13(in Chinese).杨海锋,王旭友,王威,等.铝合金双光束激光焊接过程稳定性分析[J].焊接学报,2016,37(6):13.
10 Xu Y L,Yang C C,Li R,et al.Process research on double beam laser welding with filler wire of 2A12aluminum alloy[J].Hot Working Technology,2017,46(1):186(in Chinese).徐艳利,杨长春,李瑞,等.2A12铝合金双光束激光填丝焊接工艺研究[J].焊接技术,2017,46(1):186.
11 Lei Z L,Li Y,Chen Y B,et al.Effect of process parameters on porosity formation ratio in dual-beam laser welding of aluminum alloys with filler wire[J].Transactions of the China Welding Institution,2013,34(2):40(in Chinese).雷正龙,李颖,陈彦宾,等.双光束激光填丝焊工艺对铝合金焊接气孔率的影响[J].焊接学报,2013,34(2):40.
12 Peng J,Wang X X,Li G,et al.Effect of laser welding with filler wire on molten pool dynamic behavior and weld formation[J].Chinese Journal of Lasers,2017,44(11):1102004(in Chinese).彭进,王星星,李刚,等.激光填丝焊对熔池动态行为及焊缝成形的影响[J].中国激光,2017,44(11):1102004.
13 Xie J.Dual beam laser welding[J].Welding Journal,2002,81(10):223.
14 Peng J,Hu S M,Wang X X,et al.Effect of filler metal on three-dimensional transient behavior of keyholes and molten pools in laser welding[J].Chinese Journal of Lasers,2018,45(1):0102003(in Chinese).彭进,胡素梦,王星星,等.填材对激光焊接匙孔与熔池三维瞬态行为的影响[J].中国激光,2018,45(1):0102003.
15 Yu Y C.Study on the technology and filler wire melting dynamics during the laser welding with filler wire[D].Wuhan:Huazhong University of Science and Technology,2010:60(in Chinese).余阳春.激光填丝焊的焊丝熔入行为及工艺研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2010:60.
16 Salminen A.The filler wire-laser beam interaction during laser welding with low alloyed steel filler wire[J].Mechanika,2010,4(84):67.