考虑涡流的中频变压器箔式绕组电磁振动数值计算与分析
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摘要
在应用于直流微网、舰船直流区域配电等独立电网领域的隔离型直流变换器中,中频变压器绕组是主要振源之一,需要分析其产生机理及分布规律。本文建立考虑涡流的中频变压器箔式绕组电磁振动仿真计算模型。首先仿真分析箔式绕组电流密度的二维分布规律以优化网格划分,并通过三维模型计算了箔式绕组的电磁力;研究了箔式绕组的自由振动模态及其影响因素;在此基础上针对25kW中频变压器建立了箔式绕组电磁-结构顺序耦合模型,考虑了中频非正弦输入时涡流对电磁力分布的影响,实验测量与仿真振动加速度响应的平均误差约为1.3dB。本文工作为非正弦供电中频变压器的电磁振动预测及分析奠定了基础。
In isolated DC-DC converters which are applied in independent power systems such as DC micro grid and vessel DC zonal electrical distribution grid, the winding of the medium-frequency(MF) transformer is one of main electromagnetic(EM) vibration sources. Analysis on the principles and distribution of the vibration is needed. In this paper, the EM vibration simulation model of the foil-type winding in MF transformer is built. The main work done includes: using the finite-element method(FEM) to simulate and analyze the 2D distribution of current density in the foil-type winding in order to optimize the mesh, and calculating EM force of the winding in 3D model; researching the free vibration modes of the foil-type winding and influencing factors; on this basis, establishing an EM-structure sequential coupled model of the foil-type winding in a 25 kW MF transformer, which accommodates the effect of eddy current on the distribution of the EM force when the object is supplied by MF no-sinusoidal power. The average simulation error compared by test is approximately 1.3dB. All this has laid a foundation for further studying the vibration forecast and analysis of MF transformer under no-sinusoidal power.
In isolated DC-DC converters which are applied in independent power systems such as DC micro grid and vessel DC zonal electrical distribution grid, the winding of the medium-frequency(MF) transformer is one of main electromagnetic(EM) vibration sources. Analysis on the principles and distribution of the vibration is needed. In this paper, the EM vibration simulation model of the foil-type winding in MF transformer is built. The main work done includes: using the finite-element method(FEM) to simulate and analyze the 2D distribution of current density in the foil-type winding in order to optimize the mesh, and calculating EM force of the winding in 3D model; researching the free vibration modes of the foil-type winding and influencing factors; on this basis, establishing an EM-structure sequential coupled model of the foil-type winding in a 25 kW MF transformer, which accommodates the effect of eddy current on the distribution of the EM force when the object is supplied by MF no-sinusoidal power. The average simulation error compared by test is approximately 1.3dB. All this has laid a foundation for further studying the vibration forecast and analysis of MF transformer under no-sinusoidal power.
引文
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[2]Yang Guorun,Xiao Fei,Fan Xuexin,et al.Threephase three-level phase shifted PWM DC-DCconverter for electric ship MVDC application[J].IEEE Journal of Emerging&Selected Topics in Power Electronics,2017,5(1):162-170.
[3]杨国润,肖飞,范学鑫,等.中压大容量三重化三电平直流变换器冗余容错控制[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(增刊1):186-195.Yang Guorun,Xiao Fei,Fan Xuexin,et al.Redundant and fault tolerant control of a medium-voltage highpower three-phase three-level DC-DC converter[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,32(S1):186-195.
[4]律方成,郭云翔,付超,等.基于磁链分区的大功率中频变压器漏感参数计算方法[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(5):164-169.LüFangcheng,Guo Yunxiang,Fu Chao,et al.Calculation method for leakage inductance of high power medium frequency transformers based on flux linkage partition[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(5):164-169.
[5]尹克宁.变压器设计原理[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2003.
[6]顾晓安,沈荣瀛,徐基泰.国外变压器噪声研究的动向[J].变压器,2002,39(6):33-38.Gu Xiaoan,Shen Rongying,Xu Jitai.Trend of transformer noise research abroad[J].Transformer,2002,39(6):33-38.
[7]Peng Shuai,Juergen B.Influence of material properties and geometric shape of magnetic cores on acoustic noise emission of medium frequency transformers[J].IEEE Transaction on Power Electronics,2017,32(10):7916-7931.
[8]吴胜男,唐任远,韩雪岩,等.磁致伸缩引起的非晶合金铁心振动解析计算及影响因素[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(20):73-82.Wu Shengnan,Tang Renyuan,Han Xueyan,et al.Analytical calculation and influence factors of vibration in amorphous metal cores[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(20):73-82.
[9]王佳音,白保东,刘宏亮,等.直流偏磁对变压器振动噪声的影响[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(8):56-61.Wang Jiayin,Bai Baodong,Liu Hongliang,et al.Research on vibration and noise of transformers under DC bias[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(8):56-61.
[10]Swihart D O,Wright D V.Dynamic stiffness and damping of transformer pressboard during axial short circuit vibration[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems,1976,95(2):721-730.
[11]王洪方,王乃庆.变压器绕组轴向预紧力对绕组轴向振动特性的影响[J].电网技术,1999,23(9):8-11.Wang Hongfang,Wang Naiqing.Influence of axial recompression level on axial vibrations in transformer windings[J].Power System Technology,1999,23(9):8-11.
[12]王洪方,王乃庆,李同生.短路条件下电力变压器绕组轴向振动等效单自由度分析[J].电工技术学报,2000,15(5):39-41.Wang Hongfang,Wang Naiqing,Li Tongsheng.Axial vibration equivalent one-degree analysis of power transformer winding under short-circuit[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2000,15(5):39-41.
[13]王丰华,段若晨,耿超,等.基于“磁-机械”耦合场理论的电力变压器绕组振动特性研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(9):2555-2562.Wang Fenghua,Duan Ruochen,Geng Chao,et al.Research of vibration characteristics of power transformer winding based on magnetic-mechanical coupling field theory[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(9):2555-2562.
[14]胡静竹,刘涤尘,廖清芬,等.基于有限元法的变压器电磁振动噪声分析[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(15):81-88.Hu Jingzhu,Liu Dichen,Liao Qingfen,et al.Analysis of transformer electromagnetic vibration noise based on finite element method[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(15):81-88.
[15]冯慈璋,马西奎.工程电磁场导论[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2000.
[16]徐飞,李传日,姜同敏,等.模态试验激励点与相应点优化分析[J].北京航空航天大学学报,2013,39(12):1654-1659.Xu Fei,Li Chuanri,Jiang Tongmin,et al.Optimization of excitation and measurement location in experimental modal test[J].Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,2013,39(12):1654-1659.