黑磷制备方法的研究进展
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摘要
对黑磷的结构进行了简要的介绍,对黑磷制备的发展进程进行了综述,并分析讨论了各种制备方法的优缺点,最后对其制备进行了总结展望.
In this review,the structure of black phosphorus is briefly introduced.And we aim to cover studies from the early days of preparation methods of black phosphorus to contemporary research.The advantages and disadvantages of various preparation methods are analysed and discussed.Finally,the development trends of preparation methods for black phosphorus are summarized.
In this review,the structure of black phosphorus is briefly introduced.And we aim to cover studies from the early days of preparation methods of black phosphorus to contemporary research.The advantages and disadvantages of various preparation methods are analysed and discussed.Finally,the development trends of preparation methods for black phosphorus are summarized.
引文
[1] BUTLER S Z,HOLLEN S M,CAO L,et al.Progress,challenges,and opportunities in two-dimensional materials beyond graphene[J].ACS Nano,2013,7(4):2 898-2 926.
[2] ZHANG W,CHUU C P,HUANG J K,et al.Ultrahigh-gain photodetectors based on atomically thin graphene-MoS2 heterostructures[J].Scientific Reports,2014,4:3 826.
[3] QIAO J,KONG X,HU Z X,et al.High-mobility transport anisotropy and linear dichroism in few-layer black phosphorus[J].Nature Communications,2014,5:4 475.
[4] CASTELLANOS-GOMEZ A.Black phosphorus:narrow gap,wide applications[J].The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters,2015,6(21):4 280-4 291.
[5] AKAHAMA Y,ENDO S,NARITA S.Electrical properties of black phosphorus single crystals[J].Journal of the Physical Society of Japan,1983,52(6):2 148-2 155.
[6] WU J,MAO N,XIE L,et al.Identifying the Crystalline Orientation of Black Phosphorus Using Angle-Resolved Polarized Raman Spectroscopy[J].Angewandte Chemie International Edition,2015,54(8):2 366-2 369.
[7] SUN Z,XIE H,TANG S,et al.Ultrasmall black phosphorus quantum dots:synthesis and use as photothermal agents[J].Angewandte Chemie,2015,127(39):11 688-11 692.
[8] LING X,HUANG S,HASDEO E H,et al.Anisotropic electron-photon and electron-phonon interactions in black phosphorus[J].Nano Letters,2016,16(4):2 260-2 267.
[9] DENG Z,CHEN H,LI Z,et al.Ballistic electronic and thermal conductance of monolayer and bilayer black phosphorus[J].Current Applied Physics,2017,17(2):214-221.
[10] TIAN H,GUO Q,XIE Y,et al.Anisotropic black phosphorus synaptic device for neuromorphic applications[J].Advanced Materials,2016,28(25):4 991-4 997.
[11] 赵岳涛,王怀雨,喻学锋.二维黑磷的制备及表面修饰技术研究进展[J].科学通报,2017 (20):102-111.
[12] LI L,YU Y,YE G J,et al.Black phosphorus field-effect transistors[J].Nature Nanotechnology,2014,9(5):372.
[13] BRIDGMAN P W.Two new modifications of phosphorus[J].Journal of the American Chemical Society,1914,36(7):1 344-1 363.
[14] BRIDGMAN P W.Reversible transitions between solids at high pressures[J].Physical Review,1914,3(6):489.
[15] Keyes R W.The electrical properties of black phosphorus[J].Physical Review,1953,92(3):580.
[16] SHIROTANI I.Growth of large single crystals of black phosphorus at high pressures and temperatures,and its electrical properties[J].Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals,1982,86(1):203-211.
[17] SUN L Q,LI M J,SUN K,et al.Electrochemical activity of black phosphorus as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries[J].The Journal of Physical Chemistry C,2012,116(28):14 772-14 779.
[18] LI X,DENG B,WANG X,et al.Synthesis of thin-film black phosphorus on a flexible substrate[J].2D Materials,2015,2(3):031 002.
[19] GüNTHER P L,GESSLLE P,REBENTISCH W.Untersuchungen zum Diamantproblem[J].Zeitschrift für Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie,1943,250(3-4):357-372.
[20] SURYANARAYANA C.Mechanical alloying and milling[J].Progress in Materials Science,2001,46(1-2):1-184.
[21] PARK C M,SOHN H J.Black phosphorus and its composite for lithium rechargeable batteries[J].Advanced Materials,2007,19(18):2 465-2 468.
[22] DAVIS R M,MCDERMOTT B,KOCH C C.Mechanical alloying of brittle materials[J].Metallurgical Transactions A,1988,19(12):2 867-2 874.
[23] SUN J,ZHENG G,LEE H W,et al.Formation of stable phosphorus-carbon bond for enhanced performance in black phosphorus nanoparticle-graphite composite battery anodes[J].Nano Letters,2014,14(8):4 573-4 580.
[24] SUN C,WEN L,ZENG J,et al.One-pot solventless preparation of PEGylated black phosphorus nanoparticles for photoacoustic imaging and photothermal therapy of cancer[J].Biomaterials,2016,91:81-89.
[25] NAGAO M,HAYASHI A,TATSUMISAGO M.All-solid-state lithium secondary batteries with high capacity using black phosphorus negative electrode[J].Journal of Power Sources,2011,196(16):6 902-6 905.
[26] ALDAVE S H,YOGEESH M N,ZHU W,et al.Characterization and sonochemical synthesis of black phosphorus from red phosphorus[J].2D Materials,2016,3(1):014 007.
[27] KREBS H,SCHULTZE-GEBHARDT F.über die Struktur und Eigenschaften der Halbmetalle.VII.Neubestimmung der Struktur des glasigen Selens nach verbesserten r?ntgenographischen Methoden[J].Acta Crystallographica,1955,8(7):412-419.
[28] BROWN A,RUNDQVIST S.Refinement of the crystal structure of black phosphorus[J].Acta Crystallographica,1965,19(4):684-685.
[29] MARUYAMA Y,SUZUKI S,KOBAYASHI K,et al.Synthesis and some properties of black phosphorus single crystals[J].Physica B+C,1981,105(1-3):99-102.
[30] BABA M,IZUMIDA F,TAKEDA Y,et al.Preparation of black phosphorus single crystals by a completely closed bismuth-flux method and their crystal morphology[J].Japanese Journal of Applied Physics,1989,28(6R):1 019.
[31] LANGE S,SCHMIDT P,NILGES T.Au3SnP7@ black phosphorus:an easy access to black phosphorus[J].Inorganic Chemistry,2007,46(10):4 028-4 035.
[32] NILGES T,KERSTING M,PFEIFER T.A fast low-pressure transport route to large black phosphorus single crystals[J].Journal of Solid State Chemistry,2008,181(8):1 707-1 711.
[33] K?PF M,ECKSTEIN N,PFISTER D,et al.Access and in situ growth of phosphorene-precursor black phosphorus[J].Journal of Crystal Growth,2014,405:6-10.
[34] ZHANG Z,XIN X,YAN Q,et al.Two-step heating synthesis of sub-3 millimeter-sized orthorhombic black phosphorus single crystal by chemical vapor transport reaction method[J].Science China Materials,2016,59(2):122-134.
[35] ZHAO M,QIAN H,NIU X,et al.Growth mechanism and enhanced yield of black phosphorus microribbons[J].Crystal Growth & Design,2016,16(2):1 096-1 103.
[36] ZHAO M,NIU X,GUAN L,et al.Understanding the growth of black phosphorus crystals[J].CrystEngComm,2016,18(40):7 737-7 744.
[37] LI X,CAI W,AN J,et al.Large-area synthesis of high-quality and uniform graphene films on copper foils[J].Science,2009,324(5 932):1 312-1 314.
[38] KONG D,WANG H,CHA J J,et al.Synthesis of MoS2 and MoSe2 films with vertically aligned layers[J].Nano Letters,2013,13(3):1 341-1 347.
[39] JIANG Q,XU L,CHEN N,et al.Facile synthesis of black phosphorus:an efficient electrocatalyst for the oxygen evolving reaction[J].Angewandte Chemie International Edition,2016,55(44):13 849-13 853.
[40] SMITH J B,HAGAMAN D,JI H F.Growth of 2D black phosphorus film from chemical vapor deposition[J].Nanotechnology,2016,27(21):215 602.
[41] ZHAO G,WANG T,SHAO Y,et al.A Novel Mild Phase-Transition to Prepare Black Phosphorus Nanosheets with Excellent Energy Applications[J].Small,2017,13(7):1 602 243.
[42] TIAN B,TIAN B,SMITH B,et al.Facile bottom-up synthesis of partially oxidized black phosphorus nanosheets as metal-free photocatalyst for hydrogen evolution[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,2018,115(17):4 345-4 350.
[2] ZHANG W,CHUU C P,HUANG J K,et al.Ultrahigh-gain photodetectors based on atomically thin graphene-MoS2 heterostructures[J].Scientific Reports,2014,4:3 826.
[3] QIAO J,KONG X,HU Z X,et al.High-mobility transport anisotropy and linear dichroism in few-layer black phosphorus[J].Nature Communications,2014,5:4 475.
[4] CASTELLANOS-GOMEZ A.Black phosphorus:narrow gap,wide applications[J].The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters,2015,6(21):4 280-4 291.
[5] AKAHAMA Y,ENDO S,NARITA S.Electrical properties of black phosphorus single crystals[J].Journal of the Physical Society of Japan,1983,52(6):2 148-2 155.
[6] WU J,MAO N,XIE L,et al.Identifying the Crystalline Orientation of Black Phosphorus Using Angle-Resolved Polarized Raman Spectroscopy[J].Angewandte Chemie International Edition,2015,54(8):2 366-2 369.
[7] SUN Z,XIE H,TANG S,et al.Ultrasmall black phosphorus quantum dots:synthesis and use as photothermal agents[J].Angewandte Chemie,2015,127(39):11 688-11 692.
[8] LING X,HUANG S,HASDEO E H,et al.Anisotropic electron-photon and electron-phonon interactions in black phosphorus[J].Nano Letters,2016,16(4):2 260-2 267.
[9] DENG Z,CHEN H,LI Z,et al.Ballistic electronic and thermal conductance of monolayer and bilayer black phosphorus[J].Current Applied Physics,2017,17(2):214-221.
[10] TIAN H,GUO Q,XIE Y,et al.Anisotropic black phosphorus synaptic device for neuromorphic applications[J].Advanced Materials,2016,28(25):4 991-4 997.
[11] 赵岳涛,王怀雨,喻学锋.二维黑磷的制备及表面修饰技术研究进展[J].科学通报,2017 (20):102-111.
[12] LI L,YU Y,YE G J,et al.Black phosphorus field-effect transistors[J].Nature Nanotechnology,2014,9(5):372.
[13] BRIDGMAN P W.Two new modifications of phosphorus[J].Journal of the American Chemical Society,1914,36(7):1 344-1 363.
[14] BRIDGMAN P W.Reversible transitions between solids at high pressures[J].Physical Review,1914,3(6):489.
[15] Keyes R W.The electrical properties of black phosphorus[J].Physical Review,1953,92(3):580.
[16] SHIROTANI I.Growth of large single crystals of black phosphorus at high pressures and temperatures,and its electrical properties[J].Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals,1982,86(1):203-211.
[17] SUN L Q,LI M J,SUN K,et al.Electrochemical activity of black phosphorus as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries[J].The Journal of Physical Chemistry C,2012,116(28):14 772-14 779.
[18] LI X,DENG B,WANG X,et al.Synthesis of thin-film black phosphorus on a flexible substrate[J].2D Materials,2015,2(3):031 002.
[19] GüNTHER P L,GESSLLE P,REBENTISCH W.Untersuchungen zum Diamantproblem[J].Zeitschrift für Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie,1943,250(3-4):357-372.
[20] SURYANARAYANA C.Mechanical alloying and milling[J].Progress in Materials Science,2001,46(1-2):1-184.
[21] PARK C M,SOHN H J.Black phosphorus and its composite for lithium rechargeable batteries[J].Advanced Materials,2007,19(18):2 465-2 468.
[22] DAVIS R M,MCDERMOTT B,KOCH C C.Mechanical alloying of brittle materials[J].Metallurgical Transactions A,1988,19(12):2 867-2 874.
[23] SUN J,ZHENG G,LEE H W,et al.Formation of stable phosphorus-carbon bond for enhanced performance in black phosphorus nanoparticle-graphite composite battery anodes[J].Nano Letters,2014,14(8):4 573-4 580.
[24] SUN C,WEN L,ZENG J,et al.One-pot solventless preparation of PEGylated black phosphorus nanoparticles for photoacoustic imaging and photothermal therapy of cancer[J].Biomaterials,2016,91:81-89.
[25] NAGAO M,HAYASHI A,TATSUMISAGO M.All-solid-state lithium secondary batteries with high capacity using black phosphorus negative electrode[J].Journal of Power Sources,2011,196(16):6 902-6 905.
[26] ALDAVE S H,YOGEESH M N,ZHU W,et al.Characterization and sonochemical synthesis of black phosphorus from red phosphorus[J].2D Materials,2016,3(1):014 007.
[27] KREBS H,SCHULTZE-GEBHARDT F.über die Struktur und Eigenschaften der Halbmetalle.VII.Neubestimmung der Struktur des glasigen Selens nach verbesserten r?ntgenographischen Methoden[J].Acta Crystallographica,1955,8(7):412-419.
[28] BROWN A,RUNDQVIST S.Refinement of the crystal structure of black phosphorus[J].Acta Crystallographica,1965,19(4):684-685.
[29] MARUYAMA Y,SUZUKI S,KOBAYASHI K,et al.Synthesis and some properties of black phosphorus single crystals[J].Physica B+C,1981,105(1-3):99-102.
[30] BABA M,IZUMIDA F,TAKEDA Y,et al.Preparation of black phosphorus single crystals by a completely closed bismuth-flux method and their crystal morphology[J].Japanese Journal of Applied Physics,1989,28(6R):1 019.
[31] LANGE S,SCHMIDT P,NILGES T.Au3SnP7@ black phosphorus:an easy access to black phosphorus[J].Inorganic Chemistry,2007,46(10):4 028-4 035.
[32] NILGES T,KERSTING M,PFEIFER T.A fast low-pressure transport route to large black phosphorus single crystals[J].Journal of Solid State Chemistry,2008,181(8):1 707-1 711.
[33] K?PF M,ECKSTEIN N,PFISTER D,et al.Access and in situ growth of phosphorene-precursor black phosphorus[J].Journal of Crystal Growth,2014,405:6-10.
[34] ZHANG Z,XIN X,YAN Q,et al.Two-step heating synthesis of sub-3 millimeter-sized orthorhombic black phosphorus single crystal by chemical vapor transport reaction method[J].Science China Materials,2016,59(2):122-134.
[35] ZHAO M,QIAN H,NIU X,et al.Growth mechanism and enhanced yield of black phosphorus microribbons[J].Crystal Growth & Design,2016,16(2):1 096-1 103.
[36] ZHAO M,NIU X,GUAN L,et al.Understanding the growth of black phosphorus crystals[J].CrystEngComm,2016,18(40):7 737-7 744.
[37] LI X,CAI W,AN J,et al.Large-area synthesis of high-quality and uniform graphene films on copper foils[J].Science,2009,324(5 932):1 312-1 314.
[38] KONG D,WANG H,CHA J J,et al.Synthesis of MoS2 and MoSe2 films with vertically aligned layers[J].Nano Letters,2013,13(3):1 341-1 347.
[39] JIANG Q,XU L,CHEN N,et al.Facile synthesis of black phosphorus:an efficient electrocatalyst for the oxygen evolving reaction[J].Angewandte Chemie International Edition,2016,55(44):13 849-13 853.
[40] SMITH J B,HAGAMAN D,JI H F.Growth of 2D black phosphorus film from chemical vapor deposition[J].Nanotechnology,2016,27(21):215 602.
[41] ZHAO G,WANG T,SHAO Y,et al.A Novel Mild Phase-Transition to Prepare Black Phosphorus Nanosheets with Excellent Energy Applications[J].Small,2017,13(7):1 602 243.
[42] TIAN B,TIAN B,SMITH B,et al.Facile bottom-up synthesis of partially oxidized black phosphorus nanosheets as metal-free photocatalyst for hydrogen evolution[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,2018,115(17):4 345-4 350.