基于国Ⅵ标准的重型柴油车气态污染物排放控制技术
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摘要
基于车载尾气检测设备(portable emission measurement system,PEMS),研究了国Ⅵ重型车气态污染物的排放特征;基于单位燃油消耗排放因子、单位行驶里程排放因子、单位时间排放因子,分析了NO_x、HC、CO污染物随路况的变化规律。实验结果表明,NO_x、HC、CO气态污染物较国V重型柴油车下降幅度较大,3种气态污染物分别下降88%、98%、62.7%。采用功基窗口法对数据进行整理分析,NO_x测量结果为460 mg·(kWh)~(-1),CO测量结果为192 mg·(kWh)~(-1),HC测量结果为37.5 mg·(kWh)~(-1),该重型柴油车可以满足国Ⅵ车载法规的要求。研究结果可为国Ⅵ重型车排放标准制定及其在环境污染控制领域的应用提供参考。
The emission characteristics of gaseous pollutants from China Ⅵ heavy-duty vehicles were studied by using the portable emission measurement system(PEMS). Based on the emission factors of unit fuel consumption, unit mileage and unit time, the variations of NO_x, HC and CO pollutants with road conditions was analyzed. The results showed that the gaseous pollutants of NO_x, HC and CO had a larger decline than the China V heavy duty diesel vehicle, and they decreased by 88%, 98% and 62.7%, respectively. Data collation and analysis with the method of power base window indicated that the measurement results of NO_x, CO and HC were 460 mg·(kWh)~(-1), 192 mg·(kWh)~(-1) and 37.5 mg·(kWh)~(-1), the heavy diesel vehicle can meet the requirements of the China Ⅵ vehicle regulations. This study provides reference for the formulation of China Ⅵ vehicle emission standard and its applications in environmental pollution control field.
The emission characteristics of gaseous pollutants from China Ⅵ heavy-duty vehicles were studied by using the portable emission measurement system(PEMS). Based on the emission factors of unit fuel consumption, unit mileage and unit time, the variations of NO_x, HC and CO pollutants with road conditions was analyzed. The results showed that the gaseous pollutants of NO_x, HC and CO had a larger decline than the China V heavy duty diesel vehicle, and they decreased by 88%, 98% and 62.7%, respectively. Data collation and analysis with the method of power base window indicated that the measurement results of NO_x, CO and HC were 460 mg·(kWh)~(-1), 192 mg·(kWh)~(-1) and 37.5 mg·(kWh)~(-1), the heavy diesel vehicle can meet the requirements of the China Ⅵ vehicle regulations. This study provides reference for the formulation of China Ⅵ vehicle emission standard and its applications in environmental pollution control field.
引文
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[16]王海鲲,傅立新,陈爱忠.应用车载测试系统研究轻型机动车在实际道路上的排放特征[J].环境科学,2008,29(10):2970-2974.
[17]LIU Y S,GE Y S,TAN J W,et al.Emission characteristic of off-shore fishing ships of Yellow Bo Sea,China[J].Journal environmental Sciences,2018,65:83-89.
[18]HE C,GE Y,MA C,et al.Emission characteristics of a heavy-duty diesel engine at simulated high altitudes[J].Science of the Total Environment,2011,409:3138-3143.
[19]HUO H,YAO Z,ZHANG Y,et al.On-board measurements of emissions from diesel trucks in five cities in China[J].Atmospheric Environment,2012,54:159-167.
[20]马冬,丁焰,刘志华,等.轻型汽车实际行驶工况的排放研究[J].安全与环境学报,2008,8(5):66-68.()1710
[2]葛蕴珊,王爱娟,王猛,等.PEMS用于城市车辆实际道路气体排放测试[J].汽车安全与节能学报,2010,1(2):141-145.
[3]申现宝,王岐东,姚志良.农用运输车实际道路油耗特征研究[J].北京工商大学学报(自然科学版),2010,28(2):71-75.
[4]郭勇,于全顺,王运静,等.公交车基于不同燃油的实际道路排放性与燃油经济性[J].环境科学学报,2018,38(12):4636-4641.
[5]张静,楼狄明,谭丕强,等.不同后处理装置对柴油车颗粒物减排的影响[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2018,46(7):956-963.
[6]YU Q,XIA K,QIN J Y,et al.The comparative study of various PEMS instruments under China.s conditions[C]//IEEE.International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Engineering(ICITE),2018:3-5.
[7]THOMPSON G,CARDER D K,BESCH M C.In-use emissions test of light-duty diesel vehicles in the United States[R].Center for Alternative Fuels,Engines&Emissions West Virginia University,2014.
[8]JACEK P,JERZY M,REMIGIUSZ J.Real driving emissions test of vehicles powered by compressed natural gas[J].SAE Paper,2015,1:20-22.
[9]LEE T,PARK J H,KWON S,et al.Variability in operation-based NOx emission factors with different test routes,and its effects on the real-driving emissions of light diesel vehicles[J].Science of the Total Environment,2013,5:377-385.
[10]KEAN A J,SAWYER R F,HARLEY R A.Fuel-based assessment of off-road diesel engine emissions[J].Journal of Air Waste Management Association,2000,50(11):1929-1939.
[11]杨帆.灰分沉积及其对DPF性能影响机理研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2017.
[12]姚志良.基于车载测试(PEMS)技术的柴油机动车排放特征研究[D].北京:清华大学,2008.
[13]YU Q S,TAN J W,GE Y S,et.al.Application of diesel particulate filter on in use on road vehicles[J].Energy Procedia,2017,105:1730-1736.
[14]LAO C T,AKROYD J,EAVES N,et al.Modelling of secondary particulate emissions during the regeneration of diesel particulate filters open access[J].Energy Procedia,2017,142:3560-3565.
[15]刘巽俊.内燃机排放控制[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2002.
[16]王海鲲,傅立新,陈爱忠.应用车载测试系统研究轻型机动车在实际道路上的排放特征[J].环境科学,2008,29(10):2970-2974.
[17]LIU Y S,GE Y S,TAN J W,et al.Emission characteristic of off-shore fishing ships of Yellow Bo Sea,China[J].Journal environmental Sciences,2018,65:83-89.
[18]HE C,GE Y,MA C,et al.Emission characteristics of a heavy-duty diesel engine at simulated high altitudes[J].Science of the Total Environment,2011,409:3138-3143.
[19]HUO H,YAO Z,ZHANG Y,et al.On-board measurements of emissions from diesel trucks in five cities in China[J].Atmospheric Environment,2012,54:159-167.
[20]马冬,丁焰,刘志华,等.轻型汽车实际行驶工况的排放研究[J].安全与环境学报,2008,8(5):66-68.()1710