财政分权、经济竞争对中国能源生态效率影响异质性研究
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摘要
改善能源生态效率是实现"十三五"节能降耗和生态文明建设的现实选择,本文考虑生态和社会福利因素,以2000—2016年省际面板数据样本为基础,利用SBM-DEA模型计算和分析了中国区域能源生态效率,并运用固定效应模型从财政分权、经济竞争的内生经济增长和制度层面探究其影响机制。研究发现,近17年来中国中西部地区能源生态效率水平较东部地区差,其中中部地区呈现持续恶化趋势。财政分权显著改善了能源生态效率,而地方政府间经济竞争降低了能源生态效率。地区虚拟变量揭示经济竞争使东部和中部地区能源生态效率显著下降,但有助于西部地区提高能源生态效率。基于反事实分析,如果能够遏制经济竞争加剧,能源生态效率年均能够获得1.38%额外改善。最后,本文提出从改革财政激励制度,强化审计监督问责,因地制宜调整产业结构等政策建议,鼓励地方政府形成经济竞争与合作,以期提升中国能源生态效率。
Enhancing energy ecological efficiency is a realistic choice for realizing energy saving and emission reduction and constructing ecological civilization during the 13 th Five-Year Plan period in china. Considering ecological and social welfare factors, we used a slacks-based measure data envelopment analysis(SBM-DEA) model to calculate and analyze regional energy ecological efficiency in China from 2000 to 2016 by applying provincial panel data, and utilized a fixed effect model to explore its impact mechanism from the perspective of fiscal decentralization and economic competition. The results indicate that the energy ecological efficiency level in the central and western regions of China was worse than that in the eastern region, and the central region presented a continuous deterioration trend for the 17 years duration. Financial decentralization significantly improved energy ecological efficiency. However, economic competition among local governments reduced energy ecological efficiency. The intersection of fiscal decentralization and economic competition described that economic competition under Chinese fiscal decentralization has worsened China's energy ecological efficiency. The regional dummy variables showed that economic competition significantly damaged energy ecological efficiency in the eastern and central regions while it helped to improve energy ecological efficiency in western regions. Based on a counterfactual analysis, if the Chinese government would curb the severe intensification of economic competition, energy ecological efficiency can get an average of 1.38% extra improvement each year. At last, we propose policy proposals such as reforming the fiscal decentralization incentive system, strengthening the accountability of audit supervision, upgrading the industrial structure according to its own characteristics, and encouraging local governments to form economic competition and cooperation may be beneficial to raise China's energy ecological efficiency.
Enhancing energy ecological efficiency is a realistic choice for realizing energy saving and emission reduction and constructing ecological civilization during the 13 th Five-Year Plan period in china. Considering ecological and social welfare factors, we used a slacks-based measure data envelopment analysis(SBM-DEA) model to calculate and analyze regional energy ecological efficiency in China from 2000 to 2016 by applying provincial panel data, and utilized a fixed effect model to explore its impact mechanism from the perspective of fiscal decentralization and economic competition. The results indicate that the energy ecological efficiency level in the central and western regions of China was worse than that in the eastern region, and the central region presented a continuous deterioration trend for the 17 years duration. Financial decentralization significantly improved energy ecological efficiency. However, economic competition among local governments reduced energy ecological efficiency. The intersection of fiscal decentralization and economic competition described that economic competition under Chinese fiscal decentralization has worsened China's energy ecological efficiency. The regional dummy variables showed that economic competition significantly damaged energy ecological efficiency in the eastern and central regions while it helped to improve energy ecological efficiency in western regions. Based on a counterfactual analysis, if the Chinese government would curb the severe intensification of economic competition, energy ecological efficiency can get an average of 1.38% extra improvement each year. At last, we propose policy proposals such as reforming the fiscal decentralization incentive system, strengthening the accountability of audit supervision, upgrading the industrial structure according to its own characteristics, and encouraging local governments to form economic competition and cooperation may be beneficial to raise China's energy ecological efficiency.
引文
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