世界物种多样性类别自然遗产OUV表征指标的识别研究
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摘要
识别物种多样性OUV表征指标,对于世界物种多样性类别自然遗产价值的认知、评估与监测具有重要意义。在对国内外物种多样性评价体系中具有普适性价值指标的初步筛选与分类的基础上,以206项自然遗产与35项混合遗产为研究对象,通过分析表征指标的频次、相关性、回归贡献值与多维聚类度,构建了以稀有性、多样性、代表性和重要性为主的四大类含13项特征的世界自然遗产物种多样性OUV表征指标体系。其中,重点指标4项即濒危物种、物种丰富度、物种特有度和重要物种,一般指标7项即物种相对多度、物种密度、旗舰物种、地方性物种、珍稀物种、红色名录指数和标志物种,参考指标2项即古老孑遗物种和关键物种。该表征指标体系的构建对于自然遗产价值的认知与保护,特别是物种多样性类别遗产的研究、申报、规划与管理具有现实意义。
It is of great significance to identify the OUV of species diversity to cognize, evaluate and monitor the value of species diversity in world natural heritages. On the basis of the preliminary screening and classification of the universal values of species diversity indexes and systematical reviewing, the keywords of the criteria and the brief descriptions about conservation strategies were summarized for the 205 natural heritages and 36 mix-heritages,and the framework with 4 categories of 13 representational indexes system was constructed. Through the analysis of the frequency,correlation, regression contribution and multidimensional clustering of the characterization indexes, 4 key indicators were summarized as endangered species, species richness, species specificity and important species, and each of these 4 indexes covered 4 categories that were rareness, diversity, representativeness and importance; 7 normal indicators as relative abundance, species density, flagship species, endemic species, rareness species, red list index, and signature species and 2 referential indicators as relict and keystone species were also summed up. The identification of the elements and the construction of the index system have practical significance for the value cognition and conservation of the natural heritage,especially for the research, application, planning and management the world natural heritage sites of species diversity for UNESCO.
It is of great significance to identify the OUV of species diversity to cognize, evaluate and monitor the value of species diversity in world natural heritages. On the basis of the preliminary screening and classification of the universal values of species diversity indexes and systematical reviewing, the keywords of the criteria and the brief descriptions about conservation strategies were summarized for the 205 natural heritages and 36 mix-heritages,and the framework with 4 categories of 13 representational indexes system was constructed. Through the analysis of the frequency,correlation, regression contribution and multidimensional clustering of the characterization indexes, 4 key indicators were summarized as endangered species, species richness, species specificity and important species, and each of these 4 indexes covered 4 categories that were rareness, diversity, representativeness and importance; 7 normal indicators as relative abundance, species density, flagship species, endemic species, rareness species, red list index, and signature species and 2 referential indicators as relict and keystone species were also summed up. The identification of the elements and the construction of the index system have practical significance for the value cognition and conservation of the natural heritage,especially for the research, application, planning and management the world natural heritage sites of species diversity for UNESCO.
引文
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[19]杨道德,邓娇,周先雁,等.候鸟类型国家级自然保护区保护成效评估指标体系构建与案例研究[J].生态学报,2015,35(6):1891-1898.
[20]Zhang Deshun,Kim Yongshik,MaunderM,et al.The Conservation Status and Conservation Strategy of Picea neoveitchii[J].Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment,2006,4(3):58-64.
[21]Zhang Deshun.Plant Germplasm Resources and Conservation[M].Shanghai:Shanghai Scientific and Technical Publishers,2007:136-143.
[2]张德顺,胡立辉.生物多样性视角下的世界自然遗产分类体系构建研究[C]//中国风景园林学会.中国风景园林学会2016年会论文集,2017:493-498.
[3]李果,吴晓莆,罗遵兰,等.构建我国生物多样性评价的指标体系[J].生物多样性,2011,19(5):497-504.
[4]李俊生,李果,吴晓莆,等.陆地生态系统生物多样性评价[M].北京:科学出版社,2012:15-29.
[5]陈圣宾,蒋高明,高吉喜.生物多样性监测指标体系构建研究进展[J].生态学报,2008,28(10):5124-5130.
[6]丁晖,秦卫华.生物多样性评估指标及其案例研究[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2009:12-20.
[7]European Environment Agency.Halting the Loss of Biodiversity by 2010:Proposal for a First Set of Indicators to Monitor Progress in Europe[R].EEATechnical Report No 11/2007,Copenhagen,2007.
[8]Gill M,Barry T.A Strategy for Developing Indices and Indicators:to track status and trends in Arctic biodiversity[R].CAFF CBMP Report NO.12Akureyri:Conservation of Arctic Flora and Fauna(CAFF),2008.
[9]BfN.Policy-related Indicators:measure the effectiveness of the German National Strategy on Biological Diversity[R].Berlin:Federal Agency for Nature Conservation(BfN),2008.
[10]傅伯杰,于丹丹,吕楠.中国生物多样性与生态系统服务评估指标体系[J].生态学报,2017,37(2):341-348.
[11]徐海根,丁晖,欧阳志云,等.中国实施2020年全球生物多样性目标的进展[J].生态学报,2016,36(13):3847-3858.
[12]肖燚.岷山生物多样性保护优先区与自然保护区规划[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2012:78-81.
[13]欧晓昆,高吉喜.纵向岭谷区生态系统多样性变化与生态安全评价[M].北京:科学出版社,2010:78-81.
[14]万本太,徐海根,丁晖,等.生物多样性综合评价方法研究[J].生物多样性,2007,15(1):97-106.
[15]曾志新,罗军,颜立红,等.生物多样性的评价指标和评价标准[J].湖南林业科技,1999,26(2):26-29.
[16]史作民,刘世荣,程瑞梅,等.区域生态系统多样性评价方法[J].农村生态环境,1996,12(2):1-5.
[17]郑允文,薛达元,张更生.我国自然保护区生态评价指标和评价标准[J].农村生态环境,1994,10(3):22-25.
[18]黎燕琼,郑绍伟,龚固堂,等.生物多样性研究进展[J].四川林业科技,2011,32(4):12-19.
[19]杨道德,邓娇,周先雁,等.候鸟类型国家级自然保护区保护成效评估指标体系构建与案例研究[J].生态学报,2015,35(6):1891-1898.
[20]Zhang Deshun,Kim Yongshik,MaunderM,et al.The Conservation Status and Conservation Strategy of Picea neoveitchii[J].Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment,2006,4(3):58-64.
[21]Zhang Deshun.Plant Germplasm Resources and Conservation[M].Shanghai:Shanghai Scientific and Technical Publishers,2007:136-143.