上海市公共体育设施布局的时空差异研究
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摘要
选取健身(苑)点、健身房、市民球场、健身步道、农民健身工程、体育专职人员、教练员等指标,收集上海市社区体育设施管理服务平台数据,综合运用归一化方法、变异系数和探索性空间数据分析(ESDA)等方法研究上海公共体育设施建设的时空差异.结果显示:上海市公共体育设施建设成绩显著,全市建设总量、均量、密度指标都有显著增长,但软硬环境协调发展程度不高;区级空间尺度上,上海市公共体育设施的密度变异系数最高,规模变异系数最低;街道空间尺度上,上海市公共体育设施密度存在显著差异,健身点、健身房、健身步道和市民球场等密度和平均密度呈现地理距离衰减特征.
The indexes such as fitness center,gymnasium,citizen stadium,fitness walkway,peasant fitness project,full-time sports personnel and coaches were selected,and the data of Shanghai community sports facilities management service platform were collected.The normalization method,coefficient of variation and exploratory spatial data analysis(ESDA) were used comprehensively to study the temporal and spatial differences of public sports facilities in Shanghai.The results show that Shanghai has made remarkable achievements in the construction of public sports facilities.Indexes such as total amount,average amount and density of public sports facilities have increased significantly,but the coordinated development of soft and hard environment is not high at the same time;at the district level,the coefficient of density variation is the highest and the coefficient of scale variation is the lowest;on the street space scale,there are significant regional differences in the density of public sports facilities,the density of fitness point gym,fitness walkway and public stadium and the average density present the characteristics of geographical distance attenuation.
The indexes such as fitness center,gymnasium,citizen stadium,fitness walkway,peasant fitness project,full-time sports personnel and coaches were selected,and the data of Shanghai community sports facilities management service platform were collected.The normalization method,coefficient of variation and exploratory spatial data analysis(ESDA) were used comprehensively to study the temporal and spatial differences of public sports facilities in Shanghai.The results show that Shanghai has made remarkable achievements in the construction of public sports facilities.Indexes such as total amount,average amount and density of public sports facilities have increased significantly,but the coordinated development of soft and hard environment is not high at the same time;at the district level,the coefficient of density variation is the highest and the coefficient of scale variation is the lowest;on the street space scale,there are significant regional differences in the density of public sports facilities,the density of fitness point gym,fitness walkway and public stadium and the average density present the characteristics of geographical distance attenuation.
引文
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[3] 汪全胜,黄兰松.论公共体育设施的供给及制度保障[J].武汉体育学院学报,2015,49(9):5-11,25.
[4] 赵修涵.权利冲突视域下公共体育设施使用冲突与解决[J].体育科学,2018,38(1):27-33.
[5] 马玉芳.从经济学理论视角分析城市公共体育设施的免费开放[J].南京体育学院学报(社会科学版),2011,25(6):88-91.
[6] 张金桥,王健.我国公共体育设施供给实践的内在逻辑[J].北京体育大学学报,2013,36(8):6-11.
[7] 张学研.建设美丽中国背景下公共体育设施建设布局与优化的研究:基于佛山的实证研究[J].浙江体育科学,2014,36(6):48-53.
[8] 金银日,姚颂平,刘东宁.基于GIS的上海市公共体育设施空间可达性与公平性评价[J].上海体育学院学报,2017,41(3):42-47.
[9] KWAN M P,MURRAY A T,O’KILLY M E,et al.Recent advances in accessibility research:representation,methodology and applications[J].Journal of Geographical Systems,2003(5):129-138.
[10] HANSEN W G.How accessibility shapes land use[J].Journal of the American Institute of Planners,1959(25):73-76.
[11] PENCHANSKY R,THOMAS J W.The concept of access:definition and relationship to consumer satisfaction[J].Medical Care,1981,19(2):127-140.
[12] GEURS K T,VAN WEE B.Accessibility evaluation of land use and transport strategies:review and research directions[J].Journal of Transport Geography,2004,12(2):127-140.
[13] 毕红星.“点—轴系统”理论与城市公共体育设施建设布局[J].上海体育学院学报,2012,36(6):29-32,38.
[14] 王智勇,郑志明.大城市公共体育设施规划布局初探[J].华中建筑,2011,29(7):120-123.
[15] 张培刚,许炎,胡苏,等.居民需求导向的公共体育设施选择与空间布局[J].规划师,2017,33(4):132-137.
[16] 蒋蓉,陈果,杨伦.成都市公共体育设施规划实践及策略研究[J].规划师,2007,22(10):26-28.
[17] 朱宏.基于低碳出行理念的城市社区公共体育设施规划研究[J].成都体育学院学报,2013,39(3):26-32.
[18] 杜长亮,顾校飞,李南.社区公共体育设施选址规划研究[J].中国体育科技,2016,52(3):13-20.
[19] 闫永涛,许智东,黎子铭.面向全民健身的公共体育设施专项规划编制探索:以广州为例[J].规划师,2015,31(7):11-16.
[20] 李陈,叶磊.中国分省人口文化素质的区域差异研究:1982—2010[J].干旱区资源与环境,2018,32(1):1-7.