营养液浓度对椰糠基质培养网纹甜瓜生长、裂果和品质的影响
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摘要
为了研究营养液浓度对海南冬春季椰糠基质培养网纹甜瓜生长、裂果和品质的影响,用1.0S、1.5S、2.0S、2.5S、3.0S、3.5S、4.0S浓度的营养液对网纹甜瓜进行滴灌处理。结果表明,适当提高营养液浓度能不同程度地促进网纹甜瓜的植株生长,增强果实抗裂性并提高果实品质,1.5S～3.5S之间的5个处理主蔓生长最快;3.5S和4.0S处理降低裂果的效果最为显著,其次是1.5S和2.0S处理;结果率和果皮厚度都以1.5S和2.0S处理最高;果形指数以1.5S最高,与3.0S、3.5S、4.0S处理差异不显著;营养液浓度对坐果节位无显著影响;提高营养液浓度可以不同程度地提高网纹甜瓜的茎粗;从采收时的单瓜质量来看,以1.5S、2.0S、2.5S处理的单瓜质量最大,且显著高于其他处理;甜瓜品质指标来看,以1.5S处理的表现最优,2.0S处理的次之。综合甜瓜植株生长、坐果、裂果和产量、品质等因素,在海南冬春季节,设施椰糠基质培养网纹甜瓜在海南冬春季节适宜的营养液浓度为本试验所用标准营养液浓度的1.5倍。
In order to study the effects of nutrient concentration on the growth, fruit cracking and quality of muskmelon cultured with coco coir in the winter and spring in Hainan, seven(1.0S,1.5S,2.0S,2.5S,3.0S,3.5S,4.5 S)nutrient concentrations were carried out to drip muskmelon. It showed that under proper nutrient concentration treatment, the growth of muskmelon was promoted, the cracking resistance of fruits was enhanced and the fruit quality was improved.The main vine growth of 5 treatments(1.5 S-3.5 S)were the fastest, the treatments of 3.5 S and 4.5 S showed the best effects in reducing fruit cracking, followed by 1.5 S and 2.0 S treatments, the fruit set and the thickness of the fruit peel were the highest when treated by 1.5 S and 2.0S,the fruit shape index was the highest in that of 1.5S,which showed no significant difference compared with the 3.0S,3.5 S and 4.5S,however, the fruit node was not significantly affected by the concentration of nutrient. Furthermore, increasing the concentration of nutrient the stem diameter of muskmelon was increased with the increasing of nutrient concentration, the fruit weight of the treatments(1.5S,2.0S,2.5 S)were the highest. The treatment of 1.5 S showed the best fruit quality, followed by 2.0 S treatment. Finally, based on the factors such as growth, fruit setting, fruit cracking, fruit weight and quality of muskmelon, the treatment of 1.5 times of the standard nutrient solution was suit to the muskmelon cultured with coco coir in the winter and spring in Hainan.
In order to study the effects of nutrient concentration on the growth, fruit cracking and quality of muskmelon cultured with coco coir in the winter and spring in Hainan, seven(1.0S,1.5S,2.0S,2.5S,3.0S,3.5S,4.5 S)nutrient concentrations were carried out to drip muskmelon. It showed that under proper nutrient concentration treatment, the growth of muskmelon was promoted, the cracking resistance of fruits was enhanced and the fruit quality was improved.The main vine growth of 5 treatments(1.5 S-3.5 S)were the fastest, the treatments of 3.5 S and 4.5 S showed the best effects in reducing fruit cracking, followed by 1.5 S and 2.0 S treatments, the fruit set and the thickness of the fruit peel were the highest when treated by 1.5 S and 2.0S,the fruit shape index was the highest in that of 1.5S,which showed no significant difference compared with the 3.0S,3.5 S and 4.5S,however, the fruit node was not significantly affected by the concentration of nutrient. Furthermore, increasing the concentration of nutrient the stem diameter of muskmelon was increased with the increasing of nutrient concentration, the fruit weight of the treatments(1.5S,2.0S,2.5 S)were the highest. The treatment of 1.5 S showed the best fruit quality, followed by 2.0 S treatment. Finally, based on the factors such as growth, fruit setting, fruit cracking, fruit weight and quality of muskmelon, the treatment of 1.5 times of the standard nutrient solution was suit to the muskmelon cultured with coco coir in the winter and spring in Hainan.
引文
[1]石瑜,王敬民,叶红霞,等.CPPU对网纹甜瓜果实生长发育和品质的影响[J].植物生理学报,2017,53(12):2229-2234.
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[13]柳美玉.营养液浓度调配对番茄产量、品质及养分吸收的影响[D].陕西杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2015.
[14]潘静娴,黄丹枫,王世平,等.营养液浓度对甜瓜幼苗生长和光合特性的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2005(2):254-258.
[15]林多,黄丹枫,杨延杰,等.营养液浓度对基质栽培网纹甜瓜生长和品质的影响[J].华北农学报,2007(2):184-186.
[16]罗菊花,黄丹枫.网纹甜瓜温室基质栽培施肥量试验[J].上海农学院学报,2000(1):47-52.
[17]谭学文,刘增鑫.营养液浓度对大棚甜瓜生长发育的影响[J].华北农学报,1996(2):101-105.
[18]CHRISTENSEN J V.Cracking in cherries VI.Cracking susceptibility in relation to the growth rhythm of the fruit[J].Acta Agric Scand,1973,23:52-54.
[19]CONSIDINE J,BROWN K.Physical aspects of fruit growth:theoretical analysis of distribution of surface growth forces in fruit in relation to cracking and splitting[J].Plant Physiology,1981,68(2):371-376.
[20]SEKSE L.Fruit cracking in Norwegian grown sweet cherries[J].Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica,1987,37(3):325-328.
[21]高俊凤.植物生理学试验指导[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006.
[22]李玲.植物生理学模块试验指导[M].北京:科学出版社,2009:97-100.
[23]李淑红,王磊,史文婷,等.不同营养液浓度对‘巨峰’葡萄生长发育和果实品质的影响[J].西北农业学报,2018,27(3):394-401.万万万万万万万万万万万万万万万万
[2]陈冠铭,林亚琼,陈黎明.海南设施厚皮厚皮网纹甜瓜安全高产栽培技术[J].中国蔬菜,2012(7):48-50.
[3]管学玉.厚皮网纹甜瓜品质形成特点的研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2006.
[4]DASKALAKI A,BURRAGE S W.The effect of root zone temperature on the growth and root anatomy of cucumber[J].Acta Hortic,1997,449:569-574.
[5]徐坤范,李明玉,艾希珍.氮对日光温室黄瓜呈味物质、硝酸盐含量及产量的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2006,12(5):717-721.
[6]高晓旭,张志刚,段颖,等.高浓度营养液对黄瓜和番茄下胚轴徒长的抑制作用[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2014,20(5):1234-1242.
[7]姚发展,马万敏,圣冬冬,等.不同浓度营养液对温室黄瓜生长发育的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2014,42(19):6181-6183.
[8]李邵,薛绪掌,齐飞,等.不同营养液质量浓度对温室盆栽黄瓜生长与基质环境的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2011,30(6):115-119.
[9]李邵,薛绪掌,齐飞,等.不同营养液浓度对温室盆栽黄瓜产量与品质的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2011,17(6):1409-1416.
[10]王加倩,吴震,卜崇兴,等.营养液浓度对黄瓜产量、品质及土壤性状的影响[J].上海农业学报,2010,26(3):31-35.
[11]倪纪恒,毛罕平,马万征.不同营养液浓度对温室黄瓜叶片光合特性的影响[J].农业工程学报,2011,27(10):277-281.
[12]杨旭.黄瓜无土栽培结果期营养液配方的研究[D].陕西杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2003.
[13]柳美玉.营养液浓度调配对番茄产量、品质及养分吸收的影响[D].陕西杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2015.
[14]潘静娴,黄丹枫,王世平,等.营养液浓度对甜瓜幼苗生长和光合特性的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2005(2):254-258.
[15]林多,黄丹枫,杨延杰,等.营养液浓度对基质栽培网纹甜瓜生长和品质的影响[J].华北农学报,2007(2):184-186.
[16]罗菊花,黄丹枫.网纹甜瓜温室基质栽培施肥量试验[J].上海农学院学报,2000(1):47-52.
[17]谭学文,刘增鑫.营养液浓度对大棚甜瓜生长发育的影响[J].华北农学报,1996(2):101-105.
[18]CHRISTENSEN J V.Cracking in cherries VI.Cracking susceptibility in relation to the growth rhythm of the fruit[J].Acta Agric Scand,1973,23:52-54.
[19]CONSIDINE J,BROWN K.Physical aspects of fruit growth:theoretical analysis of distribution of surface growth forces in fruit in relation to cracking and splitting[J].Plant Physiology,1981,68(2):371-376.
[20]SEKSE L.Fruit cracking in Norwegian grown sweet cherries[J].Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica,1987,37(3):325-328.
[21]高俊凤.植物生理学试验指导[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006.
[22]李玲.植物生理学模块试验指导[M].北京:科学出版社,2009:97-100.
[23]李淑红,王磊,史文婷,等.不同营养液浓度对‘巨峰’葡萄生长发育和果实品质的影响[J].西北农业学报,2018,27(3):394-401.万万万万万万万万万万万万万万万万