碳/碳-碳化硅复合材料制备及性能研究
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摘要
为了提高航母舰载机燃气导流板的性能,对碳/碳-碳化硅(C/C-SiC)复合材料开展制备和性能研究。采用轴棒法编制预制体,采用化学气相渗透工艺制备试件。将试件在舰载机的尾流中做模拟起飞工况的飞行试验。采用电子天平和千分尺测量试件的烧蚀率,采用能谱分析测量燃烧产物的成份,采用扫描电镜观察试件烧蚀后的微观形貌的变化,并对试件的烧蚀机理进行分析。结果表明:试件的质量烧蚀率为0.0405 g/s,线烧蚀率为0.0488 mm/s;试件中SiC在高温下反应生成的SiO_2在碳纤维的周围沉积,形成了包鞘结构,有效地阻滞了氧化反应向内部继续传递,从而降低了试件的烧蚀率,材料总体表现出优异的抗烧蚀性能。
The high density C/C-SiC,an advanced composite material of carrier-based aircraft gas guide-plate,was fabricated in two steps,first,a rigid C-fiber rod,strengthened with an optimized structure of knitted C-fiber,was fabricated in axial rod method and then,the SiC thin films were coated on surfaces of the prefabricated highly porous substrate by chemical vapor deposition.The influence of the simulated aircraft gas on the microstructures,ablation-rate and ablated slag of C/C-SiC sample was investigated with scanning electron microscopy,energy dispersive spectroscopy and electronic balance.The results show that the newly-developed C/C-SiC composite material does an excellent job as the carrier-based aircraft gas guide-plate.For example,the linear(mass) ablation-rate was about 0.0488 mm/s(0.0405 g/s),and the compact SiO_2 coatings,formed in the ablation on the surfaces of SiC-coated C-fibers with strong ablation-resistance in the ablated layers,act as a good oxidation barrier.
The high density C/C-SiC,an advanced composite material of carrier-based aircraft gas guide-plate,was fabricated in two steps,first,a rigid C-fiber rod,strengthened with an optimized structure of knitted C-fiber,was fabricated in axial rod method and then,the SiC thin films were coated on surfaces of the prefabricated highly porous substrate by chemical vapor deposition.The influence of the simulated aircraft gas on the microstructures,ablation-rate and ablated slag of C/C-SiC sample was investigated with scanning electron microscopy,energy dispersive spectroscopy and electronic balance.The results show that the newly-developed C/C-SiC composite material does an excellent job as the carrier-based aircraft gas guide-plate.For example,the linear(mass) ablation-rate was about 0.0488 mm/s(0.0405 g/s),and the compact SiO_2 coatings,formed in the ablation on the surfaces of SiC-coated C-fibers with strong ablation-resistance in the ablated layers,act as a good oxidation barrier.
引文
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[3] Ji Hongliang,Zhang Changrui.Fabrication and Properties of Porous C/SiC Composites[J].Carbon,2011,11:3707-3709
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[12] Jia Yujun,Yao Xiyuan,Sun Jiajia.Effect of ZrC Particle Size on the Ablation Resistance of C/C-ZrC-SiC Composites[J].Materials and Design,2017,129:15-25
[13] Cui Yuanyuan,Li Aijun,Li Bo.Microstructure and Ablation Mechanism of C/C-SiC Composites[J].Journal of the European Ceramic Society,2014,34:171-177
[14] Zhao Zhigang,Li Kezhi,Liu Qing.Enhanced Anti-ablation Performance of Carbon/Carbon Composites Modified with ZrC-SiC[J].Vacuum,2018,156:123-127
[15] Wang Shaolei,Li Hong,Ren Musu.Microstructure and Ablation Mechanism of C/C-ZrC-SiC Composites in a Plasma Flame[J].Ceramics International,2017,43:10661-10667
[16] Xue Lizhen,Li Kezhi,Jia Yan.Effects of Hypervelocity Impact on Ablation Behavior of SiC Coated C/C Composites[J].Materials and Design,2016,108:151-156
[17] Wang Peipei,Li Hejun,Jia Yujun.Ablation Resistance of HfB2-SiC Coating Prepared by in-situ Reaction Method for SiC Coated C/C Composites[J].Ceramics International,2017,43:12005-12012
[18] Huo Caixia,Guo Lingjun,Wang Changcong.Microstructure and Ablation Mechanism of SiC-ZrC-Al2O3 Coating for SiC Coated C/C Composites under Oxyacetylene Torch Test[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2018,735:914-927
[2] Reza Aliasgarian,Malek Naderi,Seyyed Ehsan Mirsalehi,et al.The Ablation Behavior of ZrB2-SiC Coating Prepared by Shrouded Plasma Spray on SiC-Coated Graphite[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2018,742:797-803
[3] Ji Hongliang,Zhang Changrui.Fabrication and Properties of Porous C/SiC Composites[J].Carbon,2011,11:3707-3709
[4] Wang H L,Zhang C Y.Temperature Dependency of Inter Laminar Shear Strength of 2D-C/SiC Composites[J].Materials and Design,2011,2:172-176
[5] 陆有军.碳纳米颗粒改性碳化硅陶瓷基复合材料的制备及其性能研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2014
[6] KUHN R E,MARGASON R J,CURTIS P.Jet Induced Effects[M].Progress in Astronautics and Aeronautics,2006
[7] 吴始栋.航空母舰偏流板的开发与研究[J].中外船舶科技,2008,(4):9-11
[8] Wang Yangang,Wang Weijun,Qu Xiangju.Multi-Body Dynamic System Simulation of Carrier-Based Aircraft Ski-jump Take off[J].Chinese Journal of Aeronautics,2013,26(1):104-111
[9] 王德文,査柏林,杨月诚,等.C/C复合材料在再入模拟环境中烧蚀性能研究[J].推进技术,2014,35(8):1080-1085
[10] 鸥汛.航母的弹射装置[J].现代舰船,2005,(7):41-44
[11] 张福祥.火箭燃气射流动力学[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2004:63-66
[12] Jia Yujun,Yao Xiyuan,Sun Jiajia.Effect of ZrC Particle Size on the Ablation Resistance of C/C-ZrC-SiC Composites[J].Materials and Design,2017,129:15-25
[13] Cui Yuanyuan,Li Aijun,Li Bo.Microstructure and Ablation Mechanism of C/C-SiC Composites[J].Journal of the European Ceramic Society,2014,34:171-177
[14] Zhao Zhigang,Li Kezhi,Liu Qing.Enhanced Anti-ablation Performance of Carbon/Carbon Composites Modified with ZrC-SiC[J].Vacuum,2018,156:123-127
[15] Wang Shaolei,Li Hong,Ren Musu.Microstructure and Ablation Mechanism of C/C-ZrC-SiC Composites in a Plasma Flame[J].Ceramics International,2017,43:10661-10667
[16] Xue Lizhen,Li Kezhi,Jia Yan.Effects of Hypervelocity Impact on Ablation Behavior of SiC Coated C/C Composites[J].Materials and Design,2016,108:151-156
[17] Wang Peipei,Li Hejun,Jia Yujun.Ablation Resistance of HfB2-SiC Coating Prepared by in-situ Reaction Method for SiC Coated C/C Composites[J].Ceramics International,2017,43:12005-12012
[18] Huo Caixia,Guo Lingjun,Wang Changcong.Microstructure and Ablation Mechanism of SiC-ZrC-Al2O3 Coating for SiC Coated C/C Composites under Oxyacetylene Torch Test[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2018,735:914-927