盐碱胁迫及干旱胁迫对大花剪秋萝种子萌发的影响
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摘要
以大花剪秋萝种子为试材,采用模拟盐环境、碱环境及干旱环境的方法,研究了氯化钠溶液(模拟盐环境)、碳酸钠溶液(模拟碱环境)和聚乙二醇溶液(模拟干旱环境)对大花剪秋萝种子的影响,以期实现植物在盐渍化及干旱地区播种育苗和园林绿化应用的科学前景。结果表明:在干旱胁迫下,随着PEG浓度的增加,种子活性降低,生命力逐渐丧失,种子的发芽率、相对发芽率等指标呈下降趋势,在10%及15%PEG浓度胁迫时,发芽率等指标均为0。在盐碱胁迫下,氯化钠溶液浓度为0.90%时,发芽率极低,仅为1.11%,而碳酸钠溶液浓度为0.30%时,发芽率为0,可知碱胁迫对种子萌发的抑制作用比盐胁迫更强。在复萌试验中,较低浓度时复萌率随浓度升高而上升,在浓度0.90%盐碱溶液和5%PEG溶液时复萌率最高,当浓度增加时对种子造成不可修复的损伤,使其彻底失去发芽能力,此后种子的复萌率又开始下降。
With seeds of Lychnis fulgens Fisch.as test materials,using the method that salt environment,alkaline environment and arid environment were simulated,the sodium chloride solution(simulated salt environment),sodium carbonate solution(simulated alkaline environment) and polyethylene glycol solution(simulated drought environment) on the impact of Lychnis fulgens Fisch.were studied,in order to realize the scientific prospect of plant planting and planting and garden greening in salinization and arid areas.The results showed that the germination rate,relative germination rate and other indexes of seeds showed a decreasing trend with the increase of PEG concentration under drought stress,and the germination rate and other indexes of seeds were 0 when PEG concentration were 10% and 15%.Under salinity and alkali stress,the germination rate was very low when the concentration of sodium chloride solution was 0.90%,only 1.11%,while the germination rate was 0 when the concentration of sodium carbonate solution was 0.30%.It can be seen that alkali stress had a stronger inhibitory effect on seed germination than salt stress.In the relapse test,the relapse rate increased with the increase of the concentration at a lower concentration,and was the highest when the concentration was 0.90% saline solution and 5%PEG solution.When the concentration was further increased,irreparable damage was caused to the seeds,making them completely lose the ability to germinate.After that,the relapse rate of the seeds began to decline again.
With seeds of Lychnis fulgens Fisch.as test materials,using the method that salt environment,alkaline environment and arid environment were simulated,the sodium chloride solution(simulated salt environment),sodium carbonate solution(simulated alkaline environment) and polyethylene glycol solution(simulated drought environment) on the impact of Lychnis fulgens Fisch.were studied,in order to realize the scientific prospect of plant planting and planting and garden greening in salinization and arid areas.The results showed that the germination rate,relative germination rate and other indexes of seeds showed a decreasing trend with the increase of PEG concentration under drought stress,and the germination rate and other indexes of seeds were 0 when PEG concentration were 10% and 15%.Under salinity and alkali stress,the germination rate was very low when the concentration of sodium chloride solution was 0.90%,only 1.11%,while the germination rate was 0 when the concentration of sodium carbonate solution was 0.30%.It can be seen that alkali stress had a stronger inhibitory effect on seed germination than salt stress.In the relapse test,the relapse rate increased with the increase of the concentration at a lower concentration,and was the highest when the concentration was 0.90% saline solution and 5%PEG solution.When the concentration was further increased,irreparable damage was caused to the seeds,making them completely lose the ability to germinate.After that,the relapse rate of the seeds began to decline again.
引文
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[13] 郑丽娜,梁海芸,于崧,等.盐碱胁迫对芸豆种子萌发特性的影响[J].种子,2018,37(11):73-78.
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[17] 呼凤兰.聚乙二醇模拟干旱胁迫对花生种子萌发的影响[J].种子2017(5):29-31.
[18] 于军,焦培培.聚乙二醇(PEG-6000)模拟干旱胁迫抑制矮沙冬青种子的萌发[J].基因组学与应用生物学,2010,29(2):355-360.
[19] 董璇,王明玖,罗冬.PEG干旱胁迫下3种鄂尔多斯常见植物萌发期抗旱性评价[J].草原与草业,2015,27(1):34-39.
[20] 刘博,卫玲,肖俊红,等.PEG模拟干旱条件下大豆萌发特性研究[J].种子,2018,37(12):56-60.
[21] 杨振亚,周本智,周燕,等.PEG模拟干旱对毛竹种子萌发及生长生理特性的影响[J].林业科学研究,2018,31(6):47-54.
[22] 程云波.作物种子发芽率与发芽势[J].中国农村科技,2003(3):15.
[23] 靳文东,张庆.柳叶马鞭草的栽培管理技术[J].花木盆景(花卉园艺),2013(5):22-23.
[24] ATTREE S M,FOWKE L C.Embryogeny of gymnosperms:Advances in synthetic seed technology of conifers[J].Plant Cell,Tissue and Organ Culture,1993,35(1):1-35.
[25] 宋庆云,黄圣,吕艳伟.盐碱胁迫对白榆种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响[J].种子,2018,37(7):15-18.
[26] 范方,张玉霞,姜健,等.盐胁迫及解除胁迫后对紫花苜蓿萌发的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2013,41(1):195-199.
[2] 赵金盘.剪秋萝的栽培管理[N].中国花卉报,2014-04-15.
[3] 张红涛.豫西地区石竹科·川续断科与酢浆草科野生花卉资源种类记述[J].园艺与种苗,2014(7):18-21.
[4] 冯敏,顾德峰,王阳,等.长白山大花剪秋萝组织培养及保存技术[J].北方园艺,2014(10):92-96.
[5] 冯敏.大花剪秋萝组织培养技术研究[D].长春:吉林农业大学,2014.
[6] 冯敏,顾德峰,董然,等.大花剪秋萝离体快繁技术[J].东北林业大学学报,2014,42(1):90-93,103.
[7] 孙建昌,王兴盛,杨生龙.植物耐盐性研究进展[J].干旱地区农业研究,2008,26(1):226-230.
[8] 李春龙.盐胁迫对油菜种子萌发的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2008,36(26):11198-11199.
[9] 邵凯.盐胁迫对小麦种子萌发的影响[J].科学教育,2012(4):66-68.
[10] 郭艳超,孙昌禹.柳叶马鞭草耐盐性评价研究[J].北方园艺,2014(2):79-81
[11] 杨劲松.中国盐渍土研究的发展历程与展望[J].土壤学报,2008,45(5):837-845.
[12] 詹振楠,马青,王文娟,等.混合盐碱胁迫对黑果枸杞种子萌发的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2018,46(24):119-122.
[13] 郑丽娜,梁海芸,于崧,等.盐碱胁迫对芸豆种子萌发特性的影响[J].种子,2018,37(11):73-78.
[14] 蔺吉祥,杨晓宇,张兆军,等.温度与盐碱胁迫交互作用对羊草种子萌发与幼苗生长的影响[J].草地学报,2011,19(6):1005-1009.
[15] 任瑞芬,杨秀云,尹大芳,等.4种薄荷种子萌发对干旱与低温的影响[J].草业科学,2015,32(11):1815-1822.
[16] 刘天丽,付炳堃,李晓,等.引发对干旱胁迫下菠菜种子萌发的影响[J].种子,2019,38(1):86-89.
[17] 呼凤兰.聚乙二醇模拟干旱胁迫对花生种子萌发的影响[J].种子2017(5):29-31.
[18] 于军,焦培培.聚乙二醇(PEG-6000)模拟干旱胁迫抑制矮沙冬青种子的萌发[J].基因组学与应用生物学,2010,29(2):355-360.
[19] 董璇,王明玖,罗冬.PEG干旱胁迫下3种鄂尔多斯常见植物萌发期抗旱性评价[J].草原与草业,2015,27(1):34-39.
[20] 刘博,卫玲,肖俊红,等.PEG模拟干旱条件下大豆萌发特性研究[J].种子,2018,37(12):56-60.
[21] 杨振亚,周本智,周燕,等.PEG模拟干旱对毛竹种子萌发及生长生理特性的影响[J].林业科学研究,2018,31(6):47-54.
[22] 程云波.作物种子发芽率与发芽势[J].中国农村科技,2003(3):15.
[23] 靳文东,张庆.柳叶马鞭草的栽培管理技术[J].花木盆景(花卉园艺),2013(5):22-23.
[24] ATTREE S M,FOWKE L C.Embryogeny of gymnosperms:Advances in synthetic seed technology of conifers[J].Plant Cell,Tissue and Organ Culture,1993,35(1):1-35.
[25] 宋庆云,黄圣,吕艳伟.盐碱胁迫对白榆种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响[J].种子,2018,37(7):15-18.
[26] 范方,张玉霞,姜健,等.盐胁迫及解除胁迫后对紫花苜蓿萌发的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2013,41(1):195-199.