体检中心甲状腺结节患者流行病学特征及危险因素调查分析
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摘要
目的调查分析体检中心甲状腺结节患者的流行病学特征及危险因素,为临床预防治疗提供理论支持。方法随机选取2016年3月至2017年3月体检中心进行体检的1 678人作为研究对象,其中714人为甲状腺结节患者,结合研究对象的性别、年龄、文化程度、生活饮食习惯、体力劳动强度及体育运动强度分析甲状腺结节患者的流行病学特征及危险因素。结果女性甲状腺结节患者的患病率为49. 19%,明显高于男性甲状腺结节患者的患病率,随着年龄的增大,甲状腺结节的患病率越高,差异有统计学意义(P <0. 050);文化程度越高的群体甲状腺结节的患病率越低,差异有统计学意义(χ2=27. 321,P=0. 000)。吸烟群体的甲状腺结节患病率为56. 47%,远大于非吸烟群体的患病率,差异有统计学意义(χ2=29. 487,P=0. 000);经常食用海产品的群体,甲状腺结节的患病率为28. 66%,明显低于少吃甚至不吃海产品的群体,差异有统计学意义(χ2=15. 085,P=0. 001);体力劳动越轻,甲状腺结节的患病率越高,差异有统计学意义(χ2=11. 259,P=0. 010);轻度运动群体的患病率为57. 01%,明显高于中高度运动群体,差异有统计学意义(χ2=26. 506,P=0. 000)。性别、年龄、吸烟、食用海产品习惯、体力劳动强度及体育运动强度均为影响甲状腺出现结节的危险因素,差异均有统计学意义(P <0. 05)。结论甲状腺结节患者的流行病学特征为年龄大的不经常运动劳动的女性群体患病的几率大,且吸烟及食用海产品的习惯也为影响甲状腺结节发病的危险因素。
Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of patients with thyroid nodules in the examination center in order to provide theoretical support for clinical prevention and treatment. Methods A total of 1 678 patients who underwent physical examination in our hospital from March 2016 to March 2017 were selected as the research subjects. Among these patients,714 were diagnosed as thyroid nodules,and the sex,age,educational level,living habits,physical labor intensity,the intensity of physical labor and exercise were observed to analyze the epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of patients with thyroid nodules. Results The prevalence of thyroid nodules was 49. 19% in female patients,which was significantly higher than that of male patients with thyroid nodules. With the increase of age,the prevalence of thyroid nodules was significantly increasd( P < 0. 05). The higher the graduation levels of patients,the lower prevalence of thyroid nodules( χ2= 27. 321,P < 0. 01). The prevalence of thyroid nodules was 56. 47% in smoking group,which was significantly higher than that in non-smoking group( P < 0. 05). The prevalence of thyroid nodules was 28. 66% in taking seafood group,which was significantly higher than that in non-taking seafood group( χ2= 15. 085,P < 0. 01). The lighter the physical labor was,the higher the prevalence of thyroid nodules was,and the difference was statistically significant( P < 0. 05),and the difference was statistically significant( P < 0. 05). The prevalence of mild motor group was 57. 01%,which was significantly higher than that of middle and high exercise group( P < 0. 05). Moreover sex,age,smoking,taking seafood habits,physical labor intensity and physical strength were the risk factors affecting the incidence of thyroid nodular,the differences were statistically significant( P < 0. 05). Conclusion The epidemiological characteristics of patients with thyroid nodules are higher incidence rate of thyroid nodules in elderly females and the females who do not exercise regularly,moreover,the habits including smoking and eating seafood are also risk factors influencing incidence of thyroid nodules.
Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of patients with thyroid nodules in the examination center in order to provide theoretical support for clinical prevention and treatment. Methods A total of 1 678 patients who underwent physical examination in our hospital from March 2016 to March 2017 were selected as the research subjects. Among these patients,714 were diagnosed as thyroid nodules,and the sex,age,educational level,living habits,physical labor intensity,the intensity of physical labor and exercise were observed to analyze the epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of patients with thyroid nodules. Results The prevalence of thyroid nodules was 49. 19% in female patients,which was significantly higher than that of male patients with thyroid nodules. With the increase of age,the prevalence of thyroid nodules was significantly increasd( P < 0. 05). The higher the graduation levels of patients,the lower prevalence of thyroid nodules( χ2= 27. 321,P < 0. 01). The prevalence of thyroid nodules was 56. 47% in smoking group,which was significantly higher than that in non-smoking group( P < 0. 05). The prevalence of thyroid nodules was 28. 66% in taking seafood group,which was significantly higher than that in non-taking seafood group( χ2= 15. 085,P < 0. 01). The lighter the physical labor was,the higher the prevalence of thyroid nodules was,and the difference was statistically significant( P < 0. 05),and the difference was statistically significant( P < 0. 05). The prevalence of mild motor group was 57. 01%,which was significantly higher than that of middle and high exercise group( P < 0. 05). Moreover sex,age,smoking,taking seafood habits,physical labor intensity and physical strength were the risk factors affecting the incidence of thyroid nodular,the differences were statistically significant( P < 0. 05). Conclusion The epidemiological characteristics of patients with thyroid nodules are higher incidence rate of thyroid nodules in elderly females and the females who do not exercise regularly,moreover,the habits including smoking and eating seafood are also risk factors influencing incidence of thyroid nodules.
引文
1陶然,胡旭,褚雪娇,等.中老年2型糖尿病患者合并甲状腺结节的相关因素分析.中国糖尿病杂志,2017,25:432-435.
2牛玲,李博一,文磊,等.2型糖尿病患者胰岛素抵抗与甲状腺结节的相关性研究.实用糖尿病杂志,2017,13:16-18.
3董璐莹,何晓东,刘晓亚,等.新疆维吾尔族甲状腺结节患病率及其影响因素研究.中国全科医学,2017,20:1314-1319.
4李坤,柴宁,侯志梅,等.新疆地区老年2型糖尿病患者甲状腺结节的危险因素分析.国际检验医学杂志,2017,38:924-926.
5刘乔勇,苏虹.某三级医院在职医护人员甲状腺结节流行病学调查.中华全科医学,2017,15:641-643.
6刘莉,周明,王崇金,等.天津地区健康体检人群甲状腺结节流行病学特点及相关因素分析.天津护理,2017,25:69-71.
7杨尽梅,邵庆华,王嫱,等.体检人群甲状腺结节患病危险因素的相关性研究.中华肿瘤防治杂志,2016,23:91-92.
8王秀杰,邵新宇,董凤林,等.甲状腺结节良恶性超声危险因素分析.中国地方病防治杂志,2016,31:1151-1152.
9臧雪丹,王燕,李艺,等.甲状腺乳头状癌中央区淋巴结转移危险因素研究进展.中华医学超声杂志(电子版),2016,13:794-796.
10李莎,项岫秀,李伟娟,等.唐山市甲状腺结节流行状况调查及影响因素分析.中国地方病防治杂志,2016,31:749-751.
11高金保.甲状腺结节临床特征及良恶性鉴别.中国医学工程,2016,24:10-13.
12于钏钏,王强.2008-2014年我国健康成人甲状腺结节流行特征及影响因素初步分析.环境与健康杂志,2016,33:440-443.
13范佳莹,李向明,陈长喜,等.宁波市中老年人甲状腺结节患病状况调查.浙江预防医学,2016,28:495-497.
14王冶.广西体检人群甲状腺结节的流行病学调查及甲状腺结节良恶性判断的Logistic回归分析.广西医科大学,2016.
15赵文蕊.西宁地区查体人群甲状腺结节发病特点的临床研究.苏州大学,2016.
16杜丹,李阳桦,陈艳伟,等.甲状腺结节危险因素的meta分析.职业与健康,2016,32:1034-1037.
17徐兰,赵霞娟,刘婵娟,等.上海市老年男性甲状腺结节性疾病流行病学及发展规律.中国老年学杂志,2016,36:1722-1724.
18魏静.2013-2015年某院体检中心甲状腺结节的流行病学特征及危险因素调查分析.河北医科大学,2016.
19蒋文,张春霞,张迪.军队师职干部甲状腺结节患病调查及影响因素分析.华南国防医学杂志,2015,29:758-760.
20侯常春,刘忠慧,王洋,等.天津市社区居民甲状腺结节流行状况调查及影响因素分析.环境与健康杂志,2015,32:712-715.
21陶雅辉,毕菲菲,刘阁玲.唐山市甲状腺结节患病情况及相关危险因素分析.职业与健康,2014,30:3415-3417.
22李寿俊,曹云生,孙嵩,等.居民甲状腺结节患病情况及其危险因素调查.浙江预防医学,2012,24:4-5,10.
2牛玲,李博一,文磊,等.2型糖尿病患者胰岛素抵抗与甲状腺结节的相关性研究.实用糖尿病杂志,2017,13:16-18.
3董璐莹,何晓东,刘晓亚,等.新疆维吾尔族甲状腺结节患病率及其影响因素研究.中国全科医学,2017,20:1314-1319.
4李坤,柴宁,侯志梅,等.新疆地区老年2型糖尿病患者甲状腺结节的危险因素分析.国际检验医学杂志,2017,38:924-926.
5刘乔勇,苏虹.某三级医院在职医护人员甲状腺结节流行病学调查.中华全科医学,2017,15:641-643.
6刘莉,周明,王崇金,等.天津地区健康体检人群甲状腺结节流行病学特点及相关因素分析.天津护理,2017,25:69-71.
7杨尽梅,邵庆华,王嫱,等.体检人群甲状腺结节患病危险因素的相关性研究.中华肿瘤防治杂志,2016,23:91-92.
8王秀杰,邵新宇,董凤林,等.甲状腺结节良恶性超声危险因素分析.中国地方病防治杂志,2016,31:1151-1152.
9臧雪丹,王燕,李艺,等.甲状腺乳头状癌中央区淋巴结转移危险因素研究进展.中华医学超声杂志(电子版),2016,13:794-796.
10李莎,项岫秀,李伟娟,等.唐山市甲状腺结节流行状况调查及影响因素分析.中国地方病防治杂志,2016,31:749-751.
11高金保.甲状腺结节临床特征及良恶性鉴别.中国医学工程,2016,24:10-13.
12于钏钏,王强.2008-2014年我国健康成人甲状腺结节流行特征及影响因素初步分析.环境与健康杂志,2016,33:440-443.
13范佳莹,李向明,陈长喜,等.宁波市中老年人甲状腺结节患病状况调查.浙江预防医学,2016,28:495-497.
14王冶.广西体检人群甲状腺结节的流行病学调查及甲状腺结节良恶性判断的Logistic回归分析.广西医科大学,2016.
15赵文蕊.西宁地区查体人群甲状腺结节发病特点的临床研究.苏州大学,2016.
16杜丹,李阳桦,陈艳伟,等.甲状腺结节危险因素的meta分析.职业与健康,2016,32:1034-1037.
17徐兰,赵霞娟,刘婵娟,等.上海市老年男性甲状腺结节性疾病流行病学及发展规律.中国老年学杂志,2016,36:1722-1724.
18魏静.2013-2015年某院体检中心甲状腺结节的流行病学特征及危险因素调查分析.河北医科大学,2016.
19蒋文,张春霞,张迪.军队师职干部甲状腺结节患病调查及影响因素分析.华南国防医学杂志,2015,29:758-760.
20侯常春,刘忠慧,王洋,等.天津市社区居民甲状腺结节流行状况调查及影响因素分析.环境与健康杂志,2015,32:712-715.
21陶雅辉,毕菲菲,刘阁玲.唐山市甲状腺结节患病情况及相关危险因素分析.职业与健康,2014,30:3415-3417.
22李寿俊,曹云生,孙嵩,等.居民甲状腺结节患病情况及其危险因素调查.浙江预防医学,2012,24:4-5,10.