冻土与结构接触面冻结强度压桩法测定系统研制及试验研究
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摘要
为探究冻土与结构接触面冻结强度影响因素及其影响规律,依据接触面冻结强度传统定义,应用压桩法原理研制冻土与结构接触面冻结强度测定系统,并利用该系统开展多影响因素条件下接触面冻结强度测定试验研究。试验研究表明:冻土与结构接触面冻结强度呈现脆性破坏及应变软化,残余强度呈周期性波动及衰变等典型特征;冻土与结构接触面冻结强度受接触面温度和粗糙度影响显著,在试验温度范围内,分别呈线性和对数函数关系。利用埋设于抗压桩身侧面的微型土压力传感器,揭示了接触面压应力沿桩身分布规律,以及接触面压应力随冻结时间、剪切位移变化规律,并将其与接触面温度、冻结强度等变化规律进行对比分析和验证。
In order to study the influence factors and rules of adfreezing strength at the interface between frozen soil and structure, according to the traditional definition of adfreezing strength at the interface, a measuring system for determining the adfreezing strength by pile-pressing method is developed. Based on this system, a series of experimental studies on the adfreezing strength at the interface are carried out under various influence factors. The experimental results show that the adfreezing strength at the interface between frozen soil and structure exhibits brittle failure and strain softening, and the residual adfreezing strength is characterized by periodic fluctuation and decay. The adfreezing strength is significantly affected by the temperature and roughness of the interface, and they are linear and logarithmic functions respectively in the test temperature range. Using the micro-earth pressure sensor embedded at the side of the compression pile, the variation laws of the compressive stress at the interface with the freezing time, shear displacement and distribution along the pile are revealed, and then they are compared with and verified by those of the interface temperature and adfreezing strength.
In order to study the influence factors and rules of adfreezing strength at the interface between frozen soil and structure, according to the traditional definition of adfreezing strength at the interface, a measuring system for determining the adfreezing strength by pile-pressing method is developed. Based on this system, a series of experimental studies on the adfreezing strength at the interface are carried out under various influence factors. The experimental results show that the adfreezing strength at the interface between frozen soil and structure exhibits brittle failure and strain softening, and the residual adfreezing strength is characterized by periodic fluctuation and decay. The adfreezing strength is significantly affected by the temperature and roughness of the interface, and they are linear and logarithmic functions respectively in the test temperature range. Using the micro-earth pressure sensor embedded at the side of the compression pile, the variation laws of the compressive stress at the interface with the freezing time, shear displacement and distribution along the pile are revealed, and then they are compared with and verified by those of the interface temperature and adfreezing strength.
引文
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[4]吉延峻,贾昆,俞祁浩,等.现浇混凝土-冻土接触面冻结强度直剪试验研究[J].冰川冻土,2017,39(1):86-91.(JI Yan-jun,JIA Kun,YU Qi-hao,et al.Direct shear tests of freezing strength at the interface between cast-in-situ concrete and frozen soil[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2017,39(1):86-91.(in Chinese))
[5]吕鹏,刘建坤,崔颖辉.冻土-混凝土接触面动剪强度研究[J].岩土力学,2013,34(增刊2):180-183.(LüPeng,LIU Jian-kun,CUI Ying-hui.A study of dynamic shear strength of frozen soil-concrete contact interface[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2013,34(S2):180-183.(in Chinese))
[6]LIU J K,CUI Y H,WANG P C,et al.Design and validation of a new dynamic direct shear apparatus for frozen soil[J].Cold Regions Science and Technology,2014,106:207-215.
[7]崔颖辉,刘建坤,吕鹏.冻土动荷载直剪仪的研制[J].岩土力学,2013,34(增刊2):486-490.(CUI Ying-hui,LIUJian-kun,LüPeng.Development of dynamic load direct shear apparatus for frozen soils[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2013,34(S2):486-490.(in Chinese))
[8]LüP,LIU J K,CUI Y H.A study on dynamic shear strength on frozen soil-concrete interface[J].Sciences in Cold and Arid Regions,2013,5(4):408-412.
[9]赵联桢,杨平,王海波.大型多功能冻土-结构接触面循环直剪系统研制及应用[J].岩土工程学报,2013,35(4):707-713.(ZHAO Lian-zhen,YANG Ping,WANG Hai-bo.Development and application of large-scale multi-functional frozen soil-structure interface cycle-shearing system[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2013,35(4):707-713.(in Chinese))
[10]石泉彬,杨平,王国良.人工冻结砂土与结构接触面冻结强度试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2016,35(10):2142-2151.(SHI Quan-bin,YANG Ping,WANG Guo-liang.Experimental study on adfreezing strength of the interface between artificial frozen sand and structure[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2016,35(10):2142-2151.(in Chinese))
[11]ZHAO L Z,YANG P,WANG J G,et al.Cyclic direct shear behaviors of frozen soil-structure interface under constant normal stiffness condition[J].Cold Regions Science and Technology,2014,102:52-62.
[12]ZHAO L Z,YANG P,WANG J G,et al.Impacts of surface roughness and loading conditions on cyclic direct shear behaviors of an artificial frozen silt-structure interface[J].Cold Regions Science and Technology,2014,106/107:183-193.
[13]ZHAO L Z,YANG P,ZHANG L C,et al.Cyclic direct shear behaviors of an artificial frozen soil-structure interface under constant normal stress and sub-zero temperature[J].Cold Regions Science&Technology,2016,133:70-81.
[14]LIU J K,LüP,CUI Y H,et al.Experimental study on direct shear behavior of frozen soil-concrete interface[J].Cold Regions Science and Technology,2014,104/105:1-6.
[15]吕鹏,刘建坤.冻土与混凝土接触面直剪试验研究[J].铁道学报,2015,37(2):106-110.(LüPeng,LIU Jian-kun.An experimental study on direct shear tests of frozen soil-concrete interface[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2015,37(2):106-110.(in Chinese))
[16]BIGGAR K W,SEGO D C.The strength and deformation behaviour of model adfreeze and grouted piles in saline frozen soils[J].Canadian Geotechnical Journal,2011,30(2):319-337.
[17]刘鸿绪.对切向冻胀力沿桩侧表面分布的探讨[J].冰川冻土,1993,15(2):289-292.(LIU Hong-xu.Discussion on the distribution of tangential frost heaving forces along the lateral surface of pile[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,1993,15(2):289-292.(in Chinese))
[18]张军伟,马巍,王大雁,等.青藏高原多年冻土区钻孔灌注桩承载特性试验研究[J].冰川冻土,2008,30(3):482-487.(ZHANG Jun-wei,MA Wei,WANG Da-yan,et al.In-situ experimental study of the bearing characteristics of cast-in-place bored pile in permafrost regions of the Tibetan Plateau[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2008,30(3):482-487.(in Chinese))
[19]汪仁和,王伟,陈永锋.冻土中单桩抗压承载力模型试验研究[J].冰川冻土,2005,27(2):188-193.(WANGRen-he,WANG Wei,CHEN Yong-feng.Model experimental study on compressive bearing capacity of single pile in frozen soil[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2005,27(2):188-193.(in Chinese))
[20]汪仁和,王伟,程永锋.冻土中单桩抗拔承载力的模型试验研究[J].冰川冻土,2006,28(5):766-771.(WANGRen-he,WANG Wei,CHEN Yong-feng.Model study of tensile bearing capacity of a single pile under frozen condition[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2006,28(5):766-771.(in Chinese))
[21]程永锋,鲁先龙,刘华清,等.青藏铁路110 kV输电线路冻土桩基模型试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(增刊1):4378-4382.(CHENG Yong-feng,LU Xian-long,LIU Hua-qing,et al.Model test study on pile foundation of110 kV transmission line of Qinghai-Tibet railway in frozen soils[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(S1):4378-4382.(in Chinese))
[22]ZHANG J M,ZHU Y L,ZHANG J Y.Adfreeze strength of model piles in frozen soil under dynamic loads[C]//Proceedings of the Seventh Permafrost International Conference,Collection Nordicana,1998:1217-1221.
[23]PUSWEWALA U G A.Computational modelling of structure-frozen soil/ice interaction[D].Manitoba:The University of Manitoba(Canada),1991:20-58.
[24]贾艳敏,郭红雨,郭启臣.多年冻土区灌注桩桩-冻土相互作用有限元分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(增刊1):3134-3140.(JIA Yan-min,GUO Hong-yu,GUOQi-chen.Finite element analysis of bored pile-frozen soil interactions in permafrost[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(S1):3134-3140.(in Chinese))
[25]徐春华,徐学燕,邱明国,等.多年冻土地区工程桩桩侧冻结力数值分析[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2007,39(4):542-545.(XU Chun-hua,XU Xue-yan,QIU Ming-guo,et al.Numerical analysis of adfreezing force of engineering pile in permafrost[J].Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2007,39(4):542-545.(in Chinese))
[26]董盛时,董兰凤,温智,等.青藏冻结粉土与混凝土基础接触面本构关系研究[J].岩土力学,2014,35(6):1629-1633.(DONG Sheng-shi,DONG Lan-feng,WEN Zhi,et al.Study of constitutive relation of interface between frozen Qinghai-Tibet silt and concrete[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2014,35(6):1629-1633.(in Chinese))
[27]杨平,赵联桢,王国良.冻土与结构接触面循环剪切损伤模型[J].岩土力学,2016,37(5):1217-1223.(YANGPing,ZHAO Lian-zhen,WANG Guo-liang.A damage model for frozen soil-structure interface under cyclic shearing[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2016,37(5):1217-1223.(in Chinese))
[28]MT/T 593.1-2011人工冻土试验取样及试样制备方法[S].2011.(MT/T 593.1-2011 Experimental sampling and sample preparation method for artificial frozen soil[S].2011.(in Chinese))
[29]石泉彬,杨平,孙厚超.直剪仪多功能改进与试验研究[J].河海大学学报,2017,45(5):457-463.(SHI Quan-bin,YANG Ping,SUN Hou-chao.Improvement and experimental study on the multi function of frozen soil direct shear apparatus[J].Journal of Hohai University,2017,45(5):457-463.(in Chinese))
[30]SHI Q B,YANG P,WANG G L.Experimental research on adfreezing strengths at the interface between frozen fine sand and structures[J].Scientia Iranica,2018,25(2):663-674.
[2]邱国庆,刘经仁,刘鸿绪.冻土学辞典[M].兰州:甘肃科学技术出版社,1994:115-117.(QIU Guo-qing,LIUJing-ren,LIU Hong-xu.Geocryological glossary[M].Lanzhou:Gansu Science and Technology Press,1994:115-117.(in Chinese))
[3]JOONYONG L,YOUNGSEOK K,CHANGHO C.A study for adfreeze bond strength developed between weathered granite soils and aluminum plate[J].Journal of the Korean Geo-Environmental Society,2013,14(12):23-30.
[4]吉延峻,贾昆,俞祁浩,等.现浇混凝土-冻土接触面冻结强度直剪试验研究[J].冰川冻土,2017,39(1):86-91.(JI Yan-jun,JIA Kun,YU Qi-hao,et al.Direct shear tests of freezing strength at the interface between cast-in-situ concrete and frozen soil[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2017,39(1):86-91.(in Chinese))
[5]吕鹏,刘建坤,崔颖辉.冻土-混凝土接触面动剪强度研究[J].岩土力学,2013,34(增刊2):180-183.(LüPeng,LIU Jian-kun,CUI Ying-hui.A study of dynamic shear strength of frozen soil-concrete contact interface[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2013,34(S2):180-183.(in Chinese))
[6]LIU J K,CUI Y H,WANG P C,et al.Design and validation of a new dynamic direct shear apparatus for frozen soil[J].Cold Regions Science and Technology,2014,106:207-215.
[7]崔颖辉,刘建坤,吕鹏.冻土动荷载直剪仪的研制[J].岩土力学,2013,34(增刊2):486-490.(CUI Ying-hui,LIUJian-kun,LüPeng.Development of dynamic load direct shear apparatus for frozen soils[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2013,34(S2):486-490.(in Chinese))
[8]LüP,LIU J K,CUI Y H.A study on dynamic shear strength on frozen soil-concrete interface[J].Sciences in Cold and Arid Regions,2013,5(4):408-412.
[9]赵联桢,杨平,王海波.大型多功能冻土-结构接触面循环直剪系统研制及应用[J].岩土工程学报,2013,35(4):707-713.(ZHAO Lian-zhen,YANG Ping,WANG Hai-bo.Development and application of large-scale multi-functional frozen soil-structure interface cycle-shearing system[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2013,35(4):707-713.(in Chinese))
[10]石泉彬,杨平,王国良.人工冻结砂土与结构接触面冻结强度试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2016,35(10):2142-2151.(SHI Quan-bin,YANG Ping,WANG Guo-liang.Experimental study on adfreezing strength of the interface between artificial frozen sand and structure[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2016,35(10):2142-2151.(in Chinese))
[11]ZHAO L Z,YANG P,WANG J G,et al.Cyclic direct shear behaviors of frozen soil-structure interface under constant normal stiffness condition[J].Cold Regions Science and Technology,2014,102:52-62.
[12]ZHAO L Z,YANG P,WANG J G,et al.Impacts of surface roughness and loading conditions on cyclic direct shear behaviors of an artificial frozen silt-structure interface[J].Cold Regions Science and Technology,2014,106/107:183-193.
[13]ZHAO L Z,YANG P,ZHANG L C,et al.Cyclic direct shear behaviors of an artificial frozen soil-structure interface under constant normal stress and sub-zero temperature[J].Cold Regions Science&Technology,2016,133:70-81.
[14]LIU J K,LüP,CUI Y H,et al.Experimental study on direct shear behavior of frozen soil-concrete interface[J].Cold Regions Science and Technology,2014,104/105:1-6.
[15]吕鹏,刘建坤.冻土与混凝土接触面直剪试验研究[J].铁道学报,2015,37(2):106-110.(LüPeng,LIU Jian-kun.An experimental study on direct shear tests of frozen soil-concrete interface[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2015,37(2):106-110.(in Chinese))
[16]BIGGAR K W,SEGO D C.The strength and deformation behaviour of model adfreeze and grouted piles in saline frozen soils[J].Canadian Geotechnical Journal,2011,30(2):319-337.
[17]刘鸿绪.对切向冻胀力沿桩侧表面分布的探讨[J].冰川冻土,1993,15(2):289-292.(LIU Hong-xu.Discussion on the distribution of tangential frost heaving forces along the lateral surface of pile[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,1993,15(2):289-292.(in Chinese))
[18]张军伟,马巍,王大雁,等.青藏高原多年冻土区钻孔灌注桩承载特性试验研究[J].冰川冻土,2008,30(3):482-487.(ZHANG Jun-wei,MA Wei,WANG Da-yan,et al.In-situ experimental study of the bearing characteristics of cast-in-place bored pile in permafrost regions of the Tibetan Plateau[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2008,30(3):482-487.(in Chinese))
[19]汪仁和,王伟,陈永锋.冻土中单桩抗压承载力模型试验研究[J].冰川冻土,2005,27(2):188-193.(WANGRen-he,WANG Wei,CHEN Yong-feng.Model experimental study on compressive bearing capacity of single pile in frozen soil[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2005,27(2):188-193.(in Chinese))
[20]汪仁和,王伟,程永锋.冻土中单桩抗拔承载力的模型试验研究[J].冰川冻土,2006,28(5):766-771.(WANGRen-he,WANG Wei,CHEN Yong-feng.Model study of tensile bearing capacity of a single pile under frozen condition[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2006,28(5):766-771.(in Chinese))
[21]程永锋,鲁先龙,刘华清,等.青藏铁路110 kV输电线路冻土桩基模型试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(增刊1):4378-4382.(CHENG Yong-feng,LU Xian-long,LIU Hua-qing,et al.Model test study on pile foundation of110 kV transmission line of Qinghai-Tibet railway in frozen soils[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(S1):4378-4382.(in Chinese))
[22]ZHANG J M,ZHU Y L,ZHANG J Y.Adfreeze strength of model piles in frozen soil under dynamic loads[C]//Proceedings of the Seventh Permafrost International Conference,Collection Nordicana,1998:1217-1221.
[23]PUSWEWALA U G A.Computational modelling of structure-frozen soil/ice interaction[D].Manitoba:The University of Manitoba(Canada),1991:20-58.
[24]贾艳敏,郭红雨,郭启臣.多年冻土区灌注桩桩-冻土相互作用有限元分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(增刊1):3134-3140.(JIA Yan-min,GUO Hong-yu,GUOQi-chen.Finite element analysis of bored pile-frozen soil interactions in permafrost[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(S1):3134-3140.(in Chinese))
[25]徐春华,徐学燕,邱明国,等.多年冻土地区工程桩桩侧冻结力数值分析[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2007,39(4):542-545.(XU Chun-hua,XU Xue-yan,QIU Ming-guo,et al.Numerical analysis of adfreezing force of engineering pile in permafrost[J].Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2007,39(4):542-545.(in Chinese))
[26]董盛时,董兰凤,温智,等.青藏冻结粉土与混凝土基础接触面本构关系研究[J].岩土力学,2014,35(6):1629-1633.(DONG Sheng-shi,DONG Lan-feng,WEN Zhi,et al.Study of constitutive relation of interface between frozen Qinghai-Tibet silt and concrete[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2014,35(6):1629-1633.(in Chinese))
[27]杨平,赵联桢,王国良.冻土与结构接触面循环剪切损伤模型[J].岩土力学,2016,37(5):1217-1223.(YANGPing,ZHAO Lian-zhen,WANG Guo-liang.A damage model for frozen soil-structure interface under cyclic shearing[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2016,37(5):1217-1223.(in Chinese))
[28]MT/T 593.1-2011人工冻土试验取样及试样制备方法[S].2011.(MT/T 593.1-2011 Experimental sampling and sample preparation method for artificial frozen soil[S].2011.(in Chinese))
[29]石泉彬,杨平,孙厚超.直剪仪多功能改进与试验研究[J].河海大学学报,2017,45(5):457-463.(SHI Quan-bin,YANG Ping,SUN Hou-chao.Improvement and experimental study on the multi function of frozen soil direct shear apparatus[J].Journal of Hohai University,2017,45(5):457-463.(in Chinese))
[30]SHI Q B,YANG P,WANG G L.Experimental research on adfreezing strengths at the interface between frozen fine sand and structures[J].Scientia Iranica,2018,25(2):663-674.