海底新建隧道爆破对既有隧道的振动影响研究
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摘要
以青岛地铁1号线海底隧道和胶州湾海底公路隧道为工程背景,应用ANSYS/LS-DYNA建立数值模型进行研究,分析爆破作用下既有隧道的振动响应特征,建立4个模型分析海水深度对爆破振动的影响。结果表明:既有隧道中,最大爆破振速出现在对应掌子面迎爆侧上方,迎爆侧振动速度大于背爆侧,前者为后者的1.6～2.7倍;在既有隧道横断面上,三向振速及其衰减速率均表现为径向振速>切向振速>垂向振速,表明既有隧道空间对垂向振速的削减作用最小。在既有隧道轴向上,合振速关系表现为迎爆侧拱腰>迎爆侧拱脚>拱顶,对应掌子面前方振速大于后方,前者为后者的1.07倍。在隧道拱顶与海平面距离相同的条件下,既有隧道中各向振速随海水深度的增加而增大,但海水深度对爆破振速衰减速率的影响并不明显。
Taking the Qingdao Metro Line-1 undersea tunnel and the Jiaozhou Bay submarine highway tunnel as the engineering case studies, ANSYS/LS-DYNA was used to establish a numerical model in this research. The vibration response characteristics of existing tunnels under blasting are analyzed, and four models to analyze the influence of seawater depth on blasting vibration is established. The results show that in the existing tunnel, the maximum blasting velocity appears above the blasting side of the corresponding face. The vibration velocity on the burst side is greater than the back explosion side, and the former is 1.6 to 2.7 times of the latter. In the cross section of the existing tunnel, the three-way vibration velocity and its attenuation rate are expressed as: Radial vibration velocity > tangential vibration velocity > vertical vibration velocity. It shows that the existing tunnel space has the least effect on reducing the vertical vibration velocity. In the axial direction of the existing tunnel, the combined vibration velocity is expressed as: Side of the bursting side of the tunnel > side arch of the bursting side > the vault. The vibration velocity in front end of corresponding face is greater than the rear end, and the former is 1.07 times of the latter. Under the same conditions that the tunnel vault is at the same distance from the sea level, the vibrating velocity in the existing tunnel increases with the increase of seawater depth. However, the influence of seawater depth on the decay rate of blasting vibration velocity is not obvious.
Taking the Qingdao Metro Line-1 undersea tunnel and the Jiaozhou Bay submarine highway tunnel as the engineering case studies, ANSYS/LS-DYNA was used to establish a numerical model in this research. The vibration response characteristics of existing tunnels under blasting are analyzed, and four models to analyze the influence of seawater depth on blasting vibration is established. The results show that in the existing tunnel, the maximum blasting velocity appears above the blasting side of the corresponding face. The vibration velocity on the burst side is greater than the back explosion side, and the former is 1.6 to 2.7 times of the latter. In the cross section of the existing tunnel, the three-way vibration velocity and its attenuation rate are expressed as: Radial vibration velocity > tangential vibration velocity > vertical vibration velocity. It shows that the existing tunnel space has the least effect on reducing the vertical vibration velocity. In the axial direction of the existing tunnel, the combined vibration velocity is expressed as: Side of the bursting side of the tunnel > side arch of the bursting side > the vault. The vibration velocity in front end of corresponding face is greater than the rear end, and the former is 1.07 times of the latter. Under the same conditions that the tunnel vault is at the same distance from the sea level, the vibrating velocity in the existing tunnel increases with the increase of seawater depth. However, the influence of seawater depth on the decay rate of blasting vibration velocity is not obvious.
引文
[1]蔚立元,李树才,徐帮树.青岛小净距海底隧道爆破振动响应研究[J].土木工程学报,2010,43(8):100-108.WEI Liyuan,LI Shucai,XU Bangshu.Study on the effect of blasting vibration for Qingdao twin subsea tunnels[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2010,43(8):100-108.
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[10]周清.小净距隧道开挖爆破振动数值模拟研究[J].铁道建筑技术,2013(增1):56-58.ZHOU Qing.Study on numerical simulation of blasting vibration during excavation of tunnel with small clearance[J].Railway Construction Technology,2013(S1):56-58.
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[12]王海亮,陈吉辉.隧道上台阶分区爆破振动规律[J].山东科技大学学报(自然科学版),2018,37(3):43-49.WANG Hailiang,CHEN Jihui.Vibration law of partition blasting in upper bench of tunnel[J].Journal of Shandong University of Science and Technology (Natural Science),2018,37(3):43-49.
[13]吴晓,周星元.如何在ANSYS中实现动态边界条件的加载[J].武汉科技学院学报,2005,18(5):12-14.WU Xiao,ZHOU Xingyuan.How to load dynamic boundary condition in ANSYS[J].Journal of Wuhan University of Science and Engineering,2005,18(5):12-14.
[14]秦入平,顾文彬,李裕春,等.深水岩石钻孔爆破连续与间隔装药爆破效果研究[J].工程爆破,2013,19(1):10-14.QIN Ruping,GU Wenbin,LI Yuchun,et al.Comparative study on drilling blasting effect of deepwater rock with continuous and intermittent charge[J].Engineering Blasting,2013,19(1):10-14.
[15]李晓杰,张程娇,王小红,等.水的状态方程对水下爆炸影响的研究[J].工程力学,2014,31(8):46-52.LI Xiaojie,ZHANG Chengjiao,WANG Xiaohong,et al.Numerical study on the effect of equations of state ofwater on underwater explosions[J].Engineering Mechanics,2014,31(8):46-52.
[16]中华人民共和国国家标准.GB 6722—2014,爆破安全规程[S].
[17]杨年华.爆破振动理论与测控技术[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,2014:166-167.
[2]MA G W,ZHAO J,HAO H,et al.Safety assessment of underground tunnel subjected to adjacent tunnel explosion[J].Chinese Joumal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(S2):4715-4720.
[3]孙振,谢事臻,张宪堂,等.减震孔在小间距隧道爆破开挖中的降振效应[J].山东科技大学学报(自然科学版),2019,38(1):25-31.SUN Zhen,XIE Shizhen,ZHANG Xiantang,et al.Vibration reduction effect of dampjing holes in blasting excavation of tunenels with small spacing[J].Journal of Shandong University of Science and Technology (Natural Science),2019,38(1):25-31.
[4]龚建伍,夏才初,郑志东,等.鹤上三车道小净距隧道爆破振动测试与分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(9):1882-1887.GONG Jianwu,XIA Caichu,ZHENG Zhidong,et al.Measurement and analysis of blasting vibration In heshang three-lane tunnels with small clear space[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(9):1882-1887.
[5]夏昌猛.新建隧道爆破震动对既有平行隧道影响研究[D].重庆:重庆交通大学,2016.
[6]陈连进.小净距隧道爆破振动对邻近隧道影响测试研究[J].爆破,2010,27(2):36-40.CHEN Lianjin.Experimental study on influence of blasting vibration on nearby tunnels with small inerval[J].Blasting,2010,27(2):36-40.
[7]杜峰,闫军,张学民,等.大跨度小净距隧道爆破振动影响数值模拟分析[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2017,14(3):568-573.DU Feng,YAN Jun,ZHAGN Xuemin,et al.Numerical simulation of large span and small spacing neighborhood tunnel blasting vibration effect[J].Journal of Railway Science and Engineering,2017,14(3):568-573.
[8]姚勇,何川.并设小净距隧道爆破振动响应分析及控爆措施研究[J].岩土力学,2009,30(9):2815-2821.YAO Yong,HE Chuan.Analysis of blasting vibration response of parallel set small clear-distance tunnels and blasting control measures[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2009,30(9):2815-2821.
[9]丛树翠,王海亮.相邻隧道爆破震动波的传播规律研究[J].隧道建设,2012,32(4):502-505.CONG Shucui,WAGN Hailiang.Study on propagation rules of vibration waves induced by blasting of adjacent tunnel[J].Tunnel Construction,2012,32(4):502-505.
[10]周清.小净距隧道开挖爆破振动数值模拟研究[J].铁道建筑技术,2013(增1):56-58.ZHOU Qing.Study on numerical simulation of blasting vibration during excavation of tunnel with small clearance[J].Railway Construction Technology,2013(S1):56-58.
[11]王继荣,杨影.浅谈掌子面形状对隧洞爆破的影响[J].水利水电技术,2004,35(7):61-62.WANG Jirong,YANG Ying.The effect of heading face geometry on the blasting of tunnel[J].Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering,2004,35(7):61-62.
[12]王海亮,陈吉辉.隧道上台阶分区爆破振动规律[J].山东科技大学学报(自然科学版),2018,37(3):43-49.WANG Hailiang,CHEN Jihui.Vibration law of partition blasting in upper bench of tunnel[J].Journal of Shandong University of Science and Technology (Natural Science),2018,37(3):43-49.
[13]吴晓,周星元.如何在ANSYS中实现动态边界条件的加载[J].武汉科技学院学报,2005,18(5):12-14.WU Xiao,ZHOU Xingyuan.How to load dynamic boundary condition in ANSYS[J].Journal of Wuhan University of Science and Engineering,2005,18(5):12-14.
[14]秦入平,顾文彬,李裕春,等.深水岩石钻孔爆破连续与间隔装药爆破效果研究[J].工程爆破,2013,19(1):10-14.QIN Ruping,GU Wenbin,LI Yuchun,et al.Comparative study on drilling blasting effect of deepwater rock with continuous and intermittent charge[J].Engineering Blasting,2013,19(1):10-14.
[15]李晓杰,张程娇,王小红,等.水的状态方程对水下爆炸影响的研究[J].工程力学,2014,31(8):46-52.LI Xiaojie,ZHANG Chengjiao,WANG Xiaohong,et al.Numerical study on the effect of equations of state ofwater on underwater explosions[J].Engineering Mechanics,2014,31(8):46-52.
[16]中华人民共和国国家标准.GB 6722—2014,爆破安全规程[S].
[17]杨年华.爆破振动理论与测控技术[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,2014:166-167.