基于Shapley值法的奶牛产业链利润分配机制研究
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摘要
利用实地调研数据,分析奶牛产业链的价值增值比例、成本构成和利润分配;并利用Shapley值法,根据各方对合作联盟的贡献程度,计算奶牛产业链的利润分配方案。研究结果显示:目前情况下,处于奶牛产业价值链源头的养殖企业及农户从增值中获益不多,乳企等加工环节经营者占有增值的大部分;养殖企业处于养殖成本较高、收益较低甚至亏损的尴尬境地;奶牛产业链最终的利润分配方案为:农户获得全部收益的10. 54%,养殖牧场为3. 34%,乳企为86. 12%。完善政策为:引进乳企、饲料企业等下游加工环节,多渠道加工奶品;实施牛奶收购政府指导价;支持养殖企业持股加工企业;提高对养殖企业与农户的技术支持服务力度。
In this paper the field survey data were used to analyze the value-added ratio,cost structure and profit distribution of the dairy industry chain,and the Shapley value method was applied to calculate the profit distribution plan of the dairy industry chain based on the contribution of the parties to the cooperative alliance.The results of the study show that,under current circumstances,the breeding companies and farmers have little benefit from value-added,and dairy companies and other processing sector operators account for most of the value-added; most breeding companies are at higher cost and low income; the final profit distribution plan for the dairy industry chain is: 10.54% of total income for farmers,3.34% for breeding companies,and 86.12%for dairy enterprises.There are several improved policies: to introduce downstream processing links,such as for dairy enterprises to processing dairy products by multi-channel,implement the government's guiding price for milk purchases; support breeding companies in shareholding dairy processing companies; and improve technical support services for breeding enterprises and farmers.
In this paper the field survey data were used to analyze the value-added ratio,cost structure and profit distribution of the dairy industry chain,and the Shapley value method was applied to calculate the profit distribution plan of the dairy industry chain based on the contribution of the parties to the cooperative alliance.The results of the study show that,under current circumstances,the breeding companies and farmers have little benefit from value-added,and dairy companies and other processing sector operators account for most of the value-added; most breeding companies are at higher cost and low income; the final profit distribution plan for the dairy industry chain is: 10.54% of total income for farmers,3.34% for breeding companies,and 86.12%for dairy enterprises.There are several improved policies: to introduce downstream processing links,such as for dairy enterprises to processing dairy products by multi-channel,implement the government's guiding price for milk purchases; support breeding companies in shareholding dairy processing companies; and improve technical support services for breeding enterprises and farmers.
引文
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[10]李沛,吕永卫.基于Shapley值法和supply hub的供应链利润分配问题研究[J].科技管理研究,2014(13):182-187.
[11]王永亮,魏玲玲,孙慧波,李万明.农业产业链参与主体利益分配研究-基于Shapley值法修正模型的视角[J].湖北农业科学,2014(10):2453-2456.
[12]黄勇.基于Shapley值法的猪肉供应链利益分配机制研究[J].农业技术经济,2017(2):122-128.
[13]杨怀珍,刘瑞环,李灿灿.基于Shapley值法和TOPSIS法的农超对接供应链利益分配[J].江苏农业科学,2017(23):358-362.
[14]黄祖辉,张静,陈志钢.中国梨果产业价值链分析[J].中国农村经济,2008(7):63-72.
[2]李胜利,姚琨,曹志军,刘长全,张胜利,刘建新,李建喜,王加启,张和平. 2017年奶牛产业技术发展报告[J].中国畜牧杂志,2018,54(3):132-137.
[3]李胜利,姚琨,曹志军,刘长全,张胜利,刘建新,李建喜,王加启,张和平. 2016年奶牛产业技术发展报告[J].中国畜牧杂志,2017,53(1):156-164.
[4]陈小芳,徐化凌,于德花,宁凯.山东省东营市奶牛产业发展现状调查与分析[J].中国乳业,2017(5):25-29.
[5]白萍莉,贾永宏,贾昇辉,邓祎频.陕西奶牛产业发展技术应用情况分析[J].畜牧兽医杂志,2017,36(1):52-55.
[6]陈吉铭,王琛,何忠伟,刘芳,何向育.北京奶牛产业链利润分配机制研究[J].中国畜牧杂志,2016,52(20):6-11.
[7]陈合营,郝小宝.农业产业化中的组织模式与制度比较分析-以陕西杨凌区蒋寨村奶牛产业为例[J].理论导刊,2005(12):50-52,55.
[8]Bo V D R,Veen J A A V D,VenugopalV,Nalla V R. A new revenue sharing mechanism for coordinating multi-echelon supply chains[J]. Operations Research Letters,2010,38(4):296-301.
[9]雷声芳,何忠伟,刘芳.基于三方博弈的农产品价格质量博弈研究[J].农产品质量与安全,2012(2):53-56.
[10]李沛,吕永卫.基于Shapley值法和supply hub的供应链利润分配问题研究[J].科技管理研究,2014(13):182-187.
[11]王永亮,魏玲玲,孙慧波,李万明.农业产业链参与主体利益分配研究-基于Shapley值法修正模型的视角[J].湖北农业科学,2014(10):2453-2456.
[12]黄勇.基于Shapley值法的猪肉供应链利益分配机制研究[J].农业技术经济,2017(2):122-128.
[13]杨怀珍,刘瑞环,李灿灿.基于Shapley值法和TOPSIS法的农超对接供应链利益分配[J].江苏农业科学,2017(23):358-362.
[14]黄祖辉,张静,陈志钢.中国梨果产业价值链分析[J].中国农村经济,2008(7):63-72.